Percepções e formas de enfrentamento de adolescentes frente ao BULLYNING

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comportamento violentos(foco em bullying) e uso de substâncias psicoativas por alunos do ensino médio e fundamental de Botucatu, Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Escolas diferenciadas praticam um ensino de ciências diferenciado para melhor!?: o que dizem os estudantes sobre o ensino de ciências de uma escola de aplicação

O presente estudo é relativo às práticas docentes no ensino de ciências em uma Escola de Aplicação tida como escola diferenciada positivamente em termos da qualidade de suas práticas de ensino, das condições de trabalho de seus professores e pelo suposto interesse de atualização permanente para assegurar aprendizagem significativa aos estudantes e prepará-los para exercer a cidadania. Meu objetivo foi identificar parâmetros de diferenciação qualitativa do ensino na área de Ciências, considerando justamente que a experimentação pedagógica foi uma das vertentes que dirigiu a criação de ‘escolas de aplicação’ no País. Esta investigação se desenvolve em uma modalidade de pesquisa narrativa por meio da qual se objetiva evidenciar, a partir do relato dos estudantes sobre suas experiências no ensino de ciências, como se configuram as práticas de ensino, especialmente em termos de: a) seleção de conteúdos, b) abordagens teórico-metodológicas do ensino, c) interação professor aluno e aluno-aluno em classe e fora desta, bem como d) práticas, critérios e procedimentos de avaliação do ensino e da aprendizagem. Procurei investigar como os alunos percebem e que valores atribuem às práticas de ensino de Ciências, configuradas especialmente como “boas aulas de ciências”. Tendo como foco os relatos dos estudantes de 5ª a 8ª séries da escola pesquisada, sobre as práticas de ensino de ciências que vivenciam, assumo como premissa, que estes possuem idéias, percepções e concepções acerca do processo de ensino e de aprendizagem. As análises por mim procedidas apontam para uma prática de ensino reprodutiva e memorativa, pouco diferente das práticas tradicionais usuais das escolas comuns. No tocante à natureza das aulas e à temática dessas aulas, pouco se valoriza os conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes, predominando um tipo de aula em que os alunos passivamente se limitam a observar o trabalho docente, reproduzem ou repetem quando solicitados aspectos de conteúdos/conhecimento informativo de temas e assuntos das ciências fechados no programa a cumprir e descontextualizados, sem qualquer relação com a realidade, com o mundo em que os estudantes vivem. A guisa de conclusão, considero que as possibilidades e os limites desse ensino obsoleto e ultrapassado de Ciências evidenciados pelos estudantes põem em questão o ensino atual da área e colocam desafios para esta escola de aplicação e para seus professores, em função principalmente das condições privilegiadas de uma escola de aplicação. Torna-se imprescindível que se retome tais práticas de ensino para atualizá-las ao se buscar refletir coletivamente sobre os conteúdos que podem ser significativos para os estudantes, sua relação com o mundo de hoje, bem como sobre as metodologias para tratamento dos conteúdos das Ciências na perspectiva da efetiva construção da aprendizagem significativa dos estudantes, preparando-os de fato para a cidadania.

Universidade e Escolas: experiências de colaboração em processos de mudança na formação dos professores

Neste trabalho pretendo acrescentar algumas questões à reflexão mais ampla que venho realizando sobre formação de professores e em que tenho discutido a importância do papel do pesquisador da Universidade como agente formador e instigador das mudanças no interior das escolas e do processo de apropriação e transformação dos conceitos que envolvem a prática do professor na sala de aula. Pretendo ainda, analisar duas experiências que revelam o desenvolvimento de processo de colaboração Universidade-escolas de Ensino Fundamental e Médio numa direção em que professor, pesquisador e alunos do curso de Pedagogia desta Universidade atuam conjuntamente num processo de formação que se dá em espiral: da ação para a reflexão, apontando para a formação.

Promoção da saúde por meio de atividades educativas sobre hábitos de sono

A good night sleep is part of a healthy lifestyle. However, children and adolescents replace sleeping hours by several other activities. This project aimed to disseminate information about sleeping and stimulate some reflections about the risk factors to health arising frompersonal and collective habits. A group of 1014 junior high school students from five schools in the city of Assis-SP, participated in the project. The students visited an exhibition about the theme "sleeping and health" and took part of group assignments. Issues related to sleeping and alternatives to promote healthy sleeping habits in day-life context were discussed. The activities were planned and executed by six trainees under the supervision of the responsible teacher. The majority of the visitors reported pleasure (90% of students) and interest in the subject; (85%) enjoyed learning new information about it (93%). Among the activities performed, 25% of visitors particularly enjoyed playful educational activities, 19% the oral presentation and 23% all the activities without distinction. Group discussion on everyday situations encouraged the adolescents to reevaluate previous experiences and knowledge that were not always consistent with current scientific knowledge. Undergraduate students had a rich practical opportunity that stimulated them to create health education strategies for adolescents. Some adolescents got more involved in the activities and others were more stimulated by the change of school routine. The activities were feasible and can be designed according to the target public. Certainly individual experience was sporadic and we suggest that future projects might be improved by stimulating bigger schools and more teachers to participate.

Sleep quality and quantity and associated factors among high school students from south Texas

Background. Insufficient and poor quality sleep among adolescents affects not only the cognitive functioning, but overall health of the individual. Existing research suggests that adolescents from varying ethnic groups exhibit differing sleep patterns. However, little research focuses on sleep patterns and associated factors (i.e. tobacco use, mental health indicators) among Hispanic youth. ^ Methods. The study population (n=2,536) included students in grades 9-12 who attended one of the three public high schools along the Texas-Mexico border in 2003. This was a cross sectional study using secondary data collected via a web-based, confidential, self-administered survey. Separate logistic regression models were estimated to identify factors associated with reduced (<9 hours/night) and poor quality sleep on average during weeknights. ^ Results. Of participants, 49.5% reported reduced sleep while 12.8% reported poor quality sleep. Factors significantly (p<0.05) associated with poor quality sleep were: often feeling stressed or anxious (OR=5.49), being born in Mexico (OR=0.65), using a computer/playing video games 15+ hours per week (OR=2.29), working (OR=1.37), being a current smoker (OR=2.16), and being a current alcohol user (OR=1.64). Factors significantly associated with reduced quantity of sleep were: often feeling stressed or anxious (OR=2.74), often having headaches/stomachaches (OR=1.77), being a current marijuana user (OR=1.70), being a current methamphetamine user (OR=4.92), and being a current alcohol user (OR=1.27). ^ Discussion. Previous research suggests that there are several factors that can influence sleep quality and quantity in adolescents. This paper discusses these factors (i.e. work, smoking, alcohol, etc.) found to be associated with poor sleep quality and reduced sleep quantity in the Hispanic adolescent population. A reduced quantity of sleep (81.20% of the participants) and a poor quality of sleep (12.80% of the participants) were also found in high school students from South Texas. ^

Sexual initiation of U.S. Latino and Colombian high school students: Toward a new theory of adolescent sexuality and implications for sexual health prevention and promotion

The general research question for this dissertation was: do the data on adolescent sexual experiences and sexual initiation support the explicit or implicit adolescent sexuality theories informing the sexual health interventions currently designed for youth? To respond to this inquiry, three different studies were conducted. The first study included a conceptual and historical analysis of the notion of adolescence introduced by Stanley Hall, the development of an alternative model based on a positive view of adolescent sexuality, and the rationale for introducing to adolescent sexual health prevention programs the new definitions of sexual health and the social determinants of health approach. The second one was a quantitative study aimed at surveying not only adolescents' risky sexual behaviors but also sexual experiences associated with desire/pleasure which have been systematically neglected when investigating the sexual and reproductive health of the youth. This study was conducted with a representative sample of the adolescents attending public high schools in the State of Caldas in the Republic of Colombia. The third study was a qualitative analysis of 22 interviews conducted with male and female U.S. Latino adolescents on the reasons for having had or having not had vaginal sex. The more relevant results were: most current adolescent sexual health prevention programs are still framed in a negative approach to adolescent sexuality developed a century ago by Stanley Hall and Sigmund Freud which do not accept the adolescent sexual experience and propose its sublimation. In contrast, the Colombian study indicates that, although there are gender differences, adolescence is for males and females a normal period of sexual initiation not limited to coital activity, in which sexual desire/pleasure is strongly associated with sexual behavior. By the same token, the study about the reasons for having had or not had initiated heterosexual intercourse indicated that curiosity, sexual desire/pleasure, and love are basic motivations for deciding to have vaginal sexual intercourse for the first time and that during adolescence, young women and men reach the cognitive development necessary for taking conscious decisions about their sexual acts. The findings underline the importance of asking pertinent questions about desire/pleasure when studying adolescent sexuality and adopting an evidence-based approach to sexual health interventions.^

CIGARETTE SMOKING AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RURAL AREAS OF THAILAND

The purpose of this study was to identify the smoking prevalence among high school students in rural areas of Thailand and the factors associated with their smoking habits. The sample population was comprised of 946 volunteer students of both sexes enrolled in the twelfth grade classes of the 1981-82 school year in randomly chosen regional public high schools throughout the country. Data were obtained from a formal self-administered questionnaire survey. The comparisons were treated by classified smoking habits as "non-smoker," "trier," "ex-smoker," and "smoker."^ The study presented the low rate of cigarette smoking habits among female students, compared to male students. Significant differences of smoking-related habits were found among those who had exemplar models for smoking habits; fathers, siblings and peers were their reference groups. Parental approval was found to be a significant factor associated with students' smoking habits. The awareness of health hazards, the perceptions of the influence of cigarette advertisement, and the attitudes toward the concerns of government in cigarette manufacturing were also factors associated with cigarette smoking habits of high school subjects. ^

Introducing Nuclear Energy to High-School Students: The Spanish Young Generation in Nuclear (Jóvenes Nucleares) Lectures

One of the main goals of Spanish Young Generation (JJNN) is to spread knowledge about nuclear energy, not only pointing out its advantages and its role in our society, but also trying to correct some of the ideas that are due to the biased information and to the lack of knowledge. With this goal in mind, lectures were given in several high schools, aimed at students ranging from 14 to 18 years old. This paper explains the experience accumulated during those talks and the conclusions that can be drawn, so as to better focus the communication about nuclear energy, especially the one aimed at a young public. In order to evaluate the degree of knowledge and information on a specific topic of a given group of individuals, statistical methods must be used. At the beginning of each lecture (and sometimes at the end, in order to evaluate the impact of the talk) the students were submitted to a short survey conducted by Spanish Young Generation. It consisted in eight questions, dealing with the relation between the main environmental issues (global warming, acid rain, radioactive waste…) and nuclear energy. The answers can be surprising, especially for professionals of the nuclear field who, since they are so familiar with this topic, often forget that this is just the case of a minority of people. A better knowledge of the degree of information of a given group enables to focus and personalize the communication. Another communication tool is the direct contact with students: it starts with their questions, which can then lead to a small debate. If the surveys inform about the topics they are unaware of, the direct exchange with them enables to find the most effective way to provide them the information. Of course, it depends a lot on the public attending the talk (age, background…) and on the debate following the talk: a good communication, adapted to the public, is necessary. Therefore, the outcome of the performed exercise is that Spanish teenagers have still a lack of knowledge about nuclear energy. We can learn that items that are evident for nuclear young professionals are unknown for high school teenagers

1.5 Vashon High School, Saint Louis, Missouri

After attending junior high school, Lloyd Gaines enrolled in Vashon High School two years later at the age of sixteen. Gaines proved to be an extremely talented student, especially excelling in history and English.

Health and physical education series of the state of Ohio, Department of education ... prepared with the approval of B.O. Skinner, director of education.

Includes bibliographies.

Proceedings of the High school conference.

1910-1917 issued as University of Illinois. School of Education. Bulletin no. 4,6,9,10,13,15,17,19.

Alcohol and alcohol safety. A curriculum manual for senior high level. Volume II of II. A teacher's activities guide.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Alcohol and alcohol safety. A curriculum manual for senior high level. Volume I of II.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Program ... annual High School Conference to be held at the University of Illinois, Urbana,

Imprint varies slightly.