Una propuesta de formaci?n de docentes de matem?ticas en comunidades ind?genas [recurso electr?nico]

Haciendo uso de la etnomatem?tica, el presente trabajo de grado es una propuesta de formaci?n de docentes de matem?ticas en comunidades ind?genas, la propuesta se encuentra dirigida a fortalecer los procesos matem?ticos dentro de entornos culturales espec?ficos, a partir de esto se pretende fortalecer el pensamiento matem?tico propio de una comunidad teniendo como herramienta principal las matem?ticas propias. Dentro del presente documento se esboza lo que podr?a ser los delineamientos de una malla curricular para un formaci?n especial de docentes en matem?ticas.

Estrutura da comunidade arbórea e suas relações com fatores edáficos na floresta de restinga paludosa da Estrada Velha, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul

(Estrutura da comunidade arbórea e suas relações com fatores edáficos na floresta de restinga paludosa da estrada Velha, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul). O presente estudo tem como objetivo estudar a estrutura da comunidade arbórea da floresta de restinga paludosa da Estrada Velha (32º07’S; 52º09’W) localizada no município do Rio Grande, na Planície Costeira do Rio Grande do Sul e suas correlações com fatores edáficos. Para a amostragem do componente arbóreo foram demarcadas três transecções paralelas, ao longo das quais foram alocadas 30 unidades amostrais de 10m X 10m, de forma não contígua e amostrados todos os indivíduos com perímetro a altura do peito maior ou igual a 15 cm. Foram coletadas amostras de solo para análises químicas e granulométricas e realizadas medidas da coluna d’água nas unidades amostrais. Os principais parâmetros fitossociológicos foram estimados para descrever a estrutura da floresta, bem como os índices de Diversidade de Shannon (H’) e de Equabilidade de Pielou (J’). A similaridade com outras florestas no Rio Grande do Sul foi estimada pelo índice de Jaccard (ISj). As relações entre a abundância das espécies nas unidades amostrais e fatores edáficos foram avaliadas por meio de análise de componentes principais (PCA) e análise de correspondência canônica (CCA). Foram registrados 585 indivíduos distribuídos em 19 espécies, 17 gêneros e 16 famílias. A família com maior riqueza específica foi Moraceae e as espécies com maiores valores de importância foram Citronela gongonha (Mart.) R.A. Howard, Erythrina crista-galli L., Sebastiania brasiliensis Spreng., Ficus cestrifolia Schott. e Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman. O Índice de diversidade foi 1,99 nat.ind-1 e o de Equabilidade foi 0,68. As análises multivariadas de ordenação evidenciaram um gradiente de distribuição das espécies correlacionado principalmente com a densidade de C. gongonha e fatores edáficos como pH, Ca, CTC(t), MO, K e nível de alagamento. O componente arbóreo mostrou similaridade florística (ISj) com outras florestas paludosas localizadas em maiores latitudes no Estado.

Percepci?n de los padres de familia sobre la influencia del contacto entre lenguas SIAPEDEE y espa?ol en los procesos educativos de los ni?os y ni?as del cabildo ind?gena la nueva uni?n de Timbiqu? Cauca. [recurso electr?nico]

Resumen: La investigaci?n se desarroll? con un enfoque etnogr?fico, cuyo objetivo primordial se centr? en identificar y caracterizar la percepci?n de los padres de familia sobre la influencia del contacto entre las lenguas siapedee y espa?ol en los procesos educativos de los ni?os y ni?as del Cabildo Ind?gena La Nueva Uni?n de Timbiqu? ? Cauca. Esta investigaci?n caracteriz? algunos aspectos a nivel educativo, social, econ?mico y comercial, etc., que subyace en la cotidianidad de los ind?genas que habitan la comunidad de La Nueva Uni?n, en relaci?n con el contacto entre las lenguas siapedee y espa?ol, e identific? qu? tan positiva o negativa resulta la influencia de la segunda lengua en la vida cotidiana y en los procesos educativos de los ni?os y ni?as de la comunidad ind?gena La Nueva Uni?n de acuerdo a la percepci?n de los padres de familia. Para poder llevar a cabo la investigaci?n se cont? con la participaci?n de algunos l?deres comunitarios como: gobernadores, ancianos, profesores, la gu?a espiritual, padres de familia, ni?os y ni?as del cabildo, etc., con los cuales se realizaron diversas entrevistas y observaciones de corte etnogr?fico. Es importante tener claro que para dar cumplimiento al objetivo planteado, se tom? como referente la investigaci?n cualitativa, en la que se incluyeron categor?as de an?lisis como lengua materna, segunda lengua, lenguas ind?genas, contacto entre lenguas, socioling??stica, actitud ling??stica, biling?ismo, pr?stamos ling??sticos, interferencias, calco, code switching, etc. Adem?s, se presentan dentro de los resultados de la investigaci?n datos cuantitativos que sirven para conocer en qu? porcentajes los padres de familia consideran positiva o negativa la influencia del espa?ol en los procesos educativos de sus hijos.

Erratum to "Optimization of resin extraction from an Australian arid grass 'Triodia pungens' and its preliminary evaluation as an anti-termite timber coating" [Ind. Crops Prod. 59 (2014) 241–247]

The publisher regrets to inform the readers that the image that is appearing for Fig. 8 is incorrect and that the Supplementary material is missing on the published paper. The correct image for Fig. 8 and the Supplementary files are provided below: Fig. 8. (a) Timber blocks covered by invented plastic container bottom open, (b) timber blocks in the field after trial, (c) and (d) comparison between resin-coated blocks without termite damage and control blocks which were severely damaged by termites.

A comparison of the physiological demands of rugby union match-play when determined by absolute (ABS) or individual (IND) velocity bands in Global Positioning System (GPS) analysis

Since turning professional in 1995 there have been considerable advances in the research on the demands of rugby union, largely using Global Positioning System (GPS) analysis over the last 10 years. A systematic review on the use of GPS, particularly the setting of absolute (ABS) and individual (IND) velocity bands in field based, intermittent, high-intensity (HI) team sports was undertaken. From 3669 records identified, 38 studies were included for qualitative analysis. Little agreement on the definition of movement intensities within team sports was found, only three papers, all on rugby union, had used IND bands, with only one comparing ABS and IND methods. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if there is a difference in the demands within positions when comparing ABS and IND methods for GPS analysis and if these differences are significantly different between the forward and back positional groups. A total of 214 data files were recorded from 26 players in 17 matches of the 2015/2016 Scottish BT Premiership. ABS velocity zones 1-7 were set at 1) 0-6, 2) 6.1-11, 3) 11.1-15, 4) 15.1-18, 5) 18.1-21, 6) 21.1-15 and 7) 25.1-40km.h-1 while IND zones 1-7 were 1) <20, 2) 20-40, 3) 40-50, 4) 50-70, 5) 70-80, 6) 80-95 and 7) 95-100% of player’s individually determined maximum velocity (Vmax). A 40m sprint test measured Vmax using OptaPro S4 10 Hz (catapult, Australia) GPS units to derive IND bands. The same GPS units were worn during matches. GPS outputs analysed were % distance, % time, high intensity efforts (HIEs) over 18.1 km.h-1 / 70% max velocity and repeated high intensity efforts (RHIEs) which consists of three HIEs in 21secs. General linear model (GLM) analysis identified a significant difference in the measurement of % total distance covered, between the ABS and IND methods in all zones for forwards (p<0.05) and backs (p<0.05). This difference was also significant between forwards and backs in zones 1, shown as mean difference ± standard deviation (3.7±0.7%), 6 (1.2±0.4%) and 7 (1.0±0.0%) respectively (p<0.05). Percentage time estimations were significantly different between ABS and IND analysis within forwards in zones 1 (1.7±1.7%), 2 (-2.9±1.3%), 3 (1.9±0.8%), 4 (-1.4±0.8%) and 5 (0.2±0.4%), and within backs in zones 1 (-10±1.5%), 2 (-1.2±1.1%), 3 (1.8±0.9%) and 5 (0.6±0.5%) (p<0.05). The difference between groups was significant in zones 1, 2, 4 and 5 (p<0.05). The number of HIEs was significantly different between forwards and backs in zones 6 (6±2) and 7 (3±2). RHIEs were significantly different between ABS and IND for forwards (1±2, p<0.05) although not between groups. Until more research on the differences in ABS and IND methods is carried out, then neither can be deemed a criterion method. In conclusion, there are significant differences between the ABS and IND methods of GPS analysis of the physical demands of rugby union, which must be considered when used to inform training load and recovery to improve performance and reduce injuries.

Utilização de resíduos de catalisador (ECAT) e cinzas da casca de arroz (CCA) na elaboração de vidros silicatos soda-cal destinados a embalagem

Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia Nuclear)

Il Sistema IBE di Boneh e Franklin

Un sistema di cifratura IBE (Identity-Based Encription Scheme) si basa su un sistema crittografico a chiave pubblica, costituita però in questo caso da una stringa arbitraria. Invece di generare una coppia casuale di chiavi pubbliche e private e pubblicare la prima, l'utente utilizza come chiave pubblica la sua "identità", ovvero una combinazione di informazioni opportune (nome, indirizzo...) che lo identifichino in maniera univoca. In questo modo ad ogni coppia di utenti risulta possibile comunicare in sicurezza e verificare le reciproche firme digitali senza lo scambio di chiavi private o pubbliche, senza la necessità di mantenere una key directory e senza dover ricorrere ogni volta ai servizi di un ente esterno. Nel 2001 Boneh e Franklin proposero uno schema completamente funzionante con sicurezza IND-ID-CCA, basato su un analogo del problema computazionale di Diffie-Hellman e che da un punto di vista tecnico-matematico utilizza la crittografia su curve ellittiche e la mappa bilineare Weil Pairing.

Matrix Metalloproteinases And Left Ventricular Function And Structure In Spinal Cord Injured Subjects.

Subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI) exhibit impaired left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, which has been reported to be attenuated by regular physical activity. This study investigated the relationship between circulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) and echocardiographic parameters in SCI subjects and the role of physical activity in this regard. Forty-two men with SCI [19 sedentary (S-SCI) and 23 physically-active (PA-SCI)] were evaluated by clinical, anthropometric, laboratory, and echocardiographic analysis. Plasmatic pro-MMP-2, MMP-2, MMP-8, pro-MMP-9, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and zymography. PA-SCI subjects presented lower pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-2/TIMP-2 levels and improved markers of LV diastolic function (lower E/Em and higher Em and E/A values) than S-SCI ones. Bivariate analysis showed that pro-MMP-2 correlated inversely with Em and directly with E/Em, while MMP-9 correlated directly with LV mass index and LV end-diastolic diameter in the whole sample. Following multiple regression analysis, pro-MMP-2, but not physical activity, remained associated with Em, while MMP-9 was associated with LV mass index in the whole sample. These findings suggest differing roles for MMPs in LV structure and function regulation and an interaction among pro-MMP-2, diastolic function and physical activity in SCI subjects.

Reference Values For High-density Lipoprotein Particle Size And Volume By Dynamic Light Scattering In A Brazilian Population Sample And Their Relationships With Metabolic Parameters.

Current data indicate that the size of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) may be considered an important marker for cardiovascular disease risk. We established reference values of mean HDL size and volume in an asymptomatic representative Brazilian population sample (n=590) and their associations with metabolic parameters by gender. Size and volume were determined in HDL isolated from plasma by polyethyleneglycol precipitation of apoB-containing lipoproteins and measured using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. Although the gender and age distributions agreed with other studies, the mean HDL size reference value was slightly lower than in some other populations. Both HDL size and volume were influenced by gender and varied according to age. HDL size was associated with age and HDL-C (total population); non- white ethnicity and CETP inversely (females); HDL-C and PLTP mass (males). On the other hand, HDL volume was determined only by HDL-C (total population and in both genders) and by PLTP mass (males). The reference values for mean HDL size and volume using the DLS technique were established in an asymptomatic and representative Brazilian population sample, as well as their related metabolic factors. HDL-C was a major determinant of HDL size and volume, which were differently modulated in females and in males.

Association Of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms In The Gene Encoding Glut1 And Diabetic Nephropathy In Brazilian Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

Mesangial cells subject to high extracellular glucose concentrations, as occur in hyperglycaemic states, are unable to down regulate glucose influx, resulting in intracellular activation of deleterious biochemical pathways. A high expression of GLUT1 participates in the development of diabetic glomerulopathy. Variants in the gene encoding GLUT1 (SLC2A1) have been associated to this diabetic complication. The aim of this study was to test whether polymorphisms in SLC2A1 confer susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Brazilian type 1 diabetes patients. Four polymorphisms (rs3820589, rs1385129, rs841847 and rs841848) were genotyped in a Brazilian cohort comprised of 452 patients. A prospective analysis was performed in 155 patients. Mean duration of follow-up was 5.6±2.4years and the incidence of renal events was 18.0%. The rs3820589 presented an inverse association with the prevalence of incipient DN (OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.16 - 0.80, p=0.01) and with progression to renal events (HR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.03 - 0.70; p=0.009). AGGT and AGAC haplotypes were associated with the prevalence of incipient DN and the AGAC haplotype was also associated with the prevalence of established/advanced DN. In conclusion, rs3820589 in the SLC2A1 gene modulates the risk to DN in Brazilian patients with inadequate type 1 diabetes control.

Caracterização física e mecânica de argamassas à base de cimento Portland e cinza de casca de arroz residual

Rice husk, employed as an energy source at milling industries in Brazil generates, after burning, a dark ash. This residue is not yet conveniently disposed, being currently dumped on large areas, causing environmental problems. This research intended to evaluate the applications of residual rice husk ashes (RHA) as a partial replacement of cement for mortar production. Rice husk ash was chemically characterized through X-ray fluorescence, determination of carbon content, X-ray diffraction, and laser granulometric analysis. Mortar specimens were submitted to two different exposure conditions: internal and external environments at a maximum period of five months. Physical-mechanical testing were compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). Although presenting good mechanical performance, the mortar based on ash (RHA) did not present pozolanicity but it can be employed in cement matrices as inert material (filler).

Adaptação de protocolos invasivos e não invasivos para avaliações aeróbias e anaeróbias específicas ao basquetebol feminino

OBJECTIVE: To adapted the critical velocity (CV), RAST test and lactate minimum (LM) to evaluation of female basketball players. METHODS: Twelve well-trained female basketball players (19 ± 1yrs) were submitted to four intensities running (10 - 14 km/h) at shuttle exercise until exhaustion, applied on alternate days. The linear model 'velocity vs. 1/tlim' was adopted to determine the aerobic (CV) and anaerobic (CCA) parameters. The lactate minimum test consisted of two phases: 1) hiperlactatemia induction using the RAST test and 2) incremental test composed by five shuttle run (20-m) at 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12 km/h. Blood samples were collected at the end of each stage. RESULTS: The velocity (vLM) and blood lactate concentration at LM were obtained by two polynomial adjustments: lactate vs. intensity (LM1) and lactate vs. time (LM2). ANOVA one-way, Student t-test and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis. The CV was obtained at 10.3 ± 0.2 km/h and the CCA estimated at 73.0 ± 3.4 m. The RAST was capable to induce the hiperlactatemia and to determine the Pmax (3.6 ± 0.2 W/kg), Pmed (2.8 ± 0.1 W/kg), Pmin (2.3 ± 0.1 W/kg) and FI (30 ± 3%). The vLM1 and vLM2 were obtained, respectively, at 9.47 ±0.13 km/h and 9.8 ± 0.13 km/h, and CV was higher than vLM1. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the non-invasive model can be used to determine the aerobic and anaerobic parameters. Furthermore, the LM test adapted to basketball using RAST and progressive phase was effective to evaluate female athletes considering the specificity of modality, with high success rates observed in polynomial adjustment 'lactate vs. time' (LM2).

Resposta eletromiografica do musculo iliocostal lombar e abordagem da pressão intradiscal da coluna lombar

Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Educação Física

Limiar ventilatorio e comportamento do sinal eletromiografico durante exercicio incremental no cicloergometro

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física