173 resultados para Hyvönen, Katriina


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Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on tarkastella kulttuurisidonnaisten elementtien kääntämisessä käytettäviä käännösstrategioita sellaisessa tapauksessa jossa lähtökielenä on venäjä ja kohdekielenä suomi. Materiaalina tutkimuksessa käytetään Natalja Kljutšarjovan teosta Россия: общий вагон ja sen suomenkielistä käännöstä Kolmannessa luokassa. Tutkimuksessa pyritään myös selvittämään millaiset tekijät kääntäjän strategiavalintoihin ovat vaikuttaneet ja miten valitut strategiat heijastavat Suomen ja Venäjän kulttuurieroja. Käännösstrategioita tutkitaan kahdella tasolla: paikallisella tasolla on tarkoitus selvittää millaisia paikallisia strategioita kääntäjä on käyttänyt yksittäisten kulttuurisidonnaisuudesta johtuvien käännösongelmien selvittämiseen ja yleisellä tasolla taas mikä paikallisten strategioiden perusteella on koko tekstin globaali strategia. Globaalien strategioiden teoreettisena perustana käytetään Lawrence Venutin teoriaa kotouttavasta ja vieraannuttavasta käännösstrategiasta. Paikallisten käännösstrategioiden määrittelyssä taas käytetään Ritva Leppihalmeen käännösstrategialuokitusta pienillä muunnoksilla varustettuna. Koska kulttuurisidonnaisuutta on hankala rajata, tähän tutkimukseen valittiin kolme tekstissä runsaimmin esiintynyttä kulttuurisidonnaisten elementtien ryhmää. Nämä ryhmät ovat realiat, alluusiot ja erisnimet. Tutkimuksen perusteella voidaan sanoa että käännöksen globaali strategia on selkeästi vieraannuttava: yhteensä 64,1 % kulttuurisidonnaisista elementeistä on käännetty vieraannuttavaa strategiaa käyttäen. Analyysi kuitenkin osoitti, että kaikki paikalliset strategiat eroavat toisistaan siinä kuinka paljon ne kotouttavat ja vieraannuttavat tekstiä. Näin ollen niitä ei tulisi jakaa kahteen toisensa poissulkevaan ryhmään, vaan ne tulisi esittää mieluummin jatkumolla, jonka ääripäitä ovat täydellinen kotouttaminen ja täydellinen vieraannuttaminen. Tällöin saadut tulokset heijastavat paremmin paikallisten strategioiden suhteita ja itse globaalia strategiaa.

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Työn ensimmäisenä tavoitteena oli parantaa Abloy Oy:n tietämystä yrityksen tarjoamien mekaanisten ja mekatronisten tuotteiden ympäristönäkökohdista ja -vaikutuksista. Työn toisena tavoitteena oli selvittää, voidaanko Abloy Oy:n mekaanisten ja mekatronisten tuotteiden elinkaaren aikaisten ympäristönäkökohtien ja -vaikutusten arviointia kehittää osana nykyistä tuotekehitysprosessia. Tuotteiden ympäristönäkökohtia käsiteltiin kestävän kehityksen, yritysvastuun, ympäristöstrategian ja yksittäisen tuotteen osalta. Ympäristöstrategioiden pohjalta kehitettiin toimintamalleja. Toimintamalleilla kuvataan, mitä toimenpiteitä yrityksen tulisi tehdä, jotta tietty ympäristöstrategian taso saavutetaan. Työn tulos on, että kehitetyillä toimintamalleilla on potentiaalia kehittää Abloy Oy:n mekaanisten ja mekatronisten tuotteiden elinkaaren aikaisten ympäristönäkökohtien ja -vaikutusten arviointia osana nykyistä tuotekehitysprosessimallia.

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In various imaging problems the task is to use the Cauchy data of the solutions to an elliptic boundary value problem to reconstruct the coefficients of the corresponding partial differential equation. Often the examined object has known background properties but is contaminated by inhomogeneities that cause perturbations of the coefficient functions. The factorization method of Kirsch provides a tool for locating such inclusions. In this paper, the factorization technique is studied in the framework of coercive elliptic partial differential equations of the divergence type: Earlier it has been demonstrated that the factorization algorithm can reconstruct the support of a strictly positive (or negative) definite perturbation of the leading order coefficient, or if that remains unperturbed, the support of a strictly positive (or negative) perturbation of the zeroth order coefficient. In this work we show that these two types of inhomogeneities can, in fact, be located simultaneously. Unlike in the earlier articles on the factorization method, our inclusions may have disconnected complements and we also weaken some other a priori assumptions of the method. Our theoretical findings are complemented by two-dimensional numerical experiments that are presented in the framework of the diffusion approximation of optical tomography.

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In electrical impedance tomography, one tries to recover the conductivity inside a physical body from boundary measurements of current and voltage. In many practically important situations, the investigated object has known background conductivity but it is contaminated by inhomogeneities. The factorization method of Andreas Kirsch provides a tool for locating such inclusions. Earlier, it has been shown that under suitable regularity conditions positive (or negative) inhomogeneities can be characterized by the factorization technique if the conductivity or one of its higher normal derivatives jumps on the boundaries of the inclusions. In this work, we use a monotonicity argument to generalize these results: We show that the factorization method provides a characterization of an open inclusion (modulo its boundary) if each point inside the inhomogeneity has an open neighbourhood where the perturbation of the conductivity is strictly positive (or negative) definite. In particular, we do not assume any regularity of the inclusion boundary or set any conditions on the behaviour of the perturbed conductivity at the inclusion boundary. Our theoretical findings are verified by two-dimensional numerical experiments.

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We describe a mild form of disproportionate dwarfism in Labrador Retrievers, which is not associated with any obvious health problems such as secondary arthrosis. We designate this phenotype as skeletal dysplasia 2 (SD2). It is inherited as a monogenic autosomal recessive trait with incomplete penetrance primarily in working lines of the Labrador Retriever breed. Using 23 cases and 37 controls we mapped the causative mutation by genome-wide association and homozygosity mapping to a 4.44 Mb interval on chromosome 12. We re-sequenced the genome of one affected dog at 30x coverage and detected 92 non-synonymous variants in the critical interval. Only two of these variants, located in the lymphotoxin A (LTA) and collagen alpha-2(XI) chain gene (COL11A2), respectively, were perfectly associated with the trait. Previously described COL11A2 variants in humans or mice lead to skeletal dysplasias and/or deafness. The dog variant associated with disproportionate dwarfism, COL11A2:c.143G>C or p.R48P, probably has only a minor effect on collagen XI function, which might explain the comparatively mild phenotype seen in our study. The identification of this candidate causative mutation thus widens the known phenotypic spectrum of COL11A2 mutations. We speculate that non-pathogenic COL11A2 variants might even contribute to the heritable variation in height.

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The sharing of near real-time traceability knowledge in supply chains plays a central role in coordinating business operations and is a key driver for their success. However before traceability datasets received from external partners can be integrated with datasets generated internally within an organisation, they need to be validated against information recorded for the physical goods received as well as against bespoke rules defined to ensure uniformity, consistency and completeness within the supply chain. In this paper, we present a knowledge driven framework for the runtime validation of critical constraints on incoming traceability datasets encapuslated as EPCIS event-based linked pedigrees. Our constraints are defined using SPARQL queries and SPIN rules. We present a novel validation architecture based on the integration of Apache Storm framework for real time, distributed computation with popular Semantic Web/Linked data libraries and exemplify our methodology on an abstraction of the pharmaceutical supply chain.

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This paper describes a process to enhance the quality of higher education. At the heart of the process is a cross-sparring collaborative model, whereby institutions are critical friends. This is based on a prior self-evaluation, where the institution / programme identifies quality criteria it wants to improve. Part of the process is to ensure the documentation of best practices so that they can be shared with others in a so called market place. Linking the best practices to a criterion makes them searchable on a large scale. Optimal pairings of institutions can then take place for the cross-sparring activities.

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The research addresses the impact of long-term reward patterns on contents of personal work goals among young Finnish managers (N = 747). Reward patterns were formed on the basis of perceived and objective career rewards (i.e., career stability and promotions) across four measurements (years 2006 –2012). Goals were measured in 2012 and classified into categories of competence, progression, well-being, job change, job security, organization, and financial goals. The factor mixture analysis identified a three-class solution as the best model of reward patterns: High rewards (77%); Increasing rewards (17%); and Reducing rewards (7%). Participants with Reducing rewards reported more progression, well-being, job change and financial goals than participants with High rewards as well as fewer competence and organizational goals than participants with Increasing rewards. Workplace resources can be in a key role in facilitating goals towards building competence and organizational performance.