Individual codes, GenBank accession numbers and GenBank accession links for Mediterranean sponges

Metabolomic analysis has shown the chemical richness of the sponge-associated actinomycetes Streptomyces sp. SBT349, Nonomureae sp. SBT364, and Nocardiopsis sp. SBT366. The genomes of these actinomycetes were sequenced and the genomic potential for secondary metabolism was evaluated. Their draft genomes have sizes of 8.0, 10, and 5.8Mb having 687, 367, and 179 contigs with a GC content of 71.6, 70.7, and 72.7%, respectively. Moreover, antiSMASH 3.0 predicted 108, 149, and 75 secondary metabolite gene clusters, respectively which highlight the metabolic capacity of the three actinomycete species to produce diverse classes of natural products.

Individual codes, GenBank accession numbers and GenBank accession links for sponge-associated actinobacterial isolates

Here, we report the draft genome sequences of three actinobacterial isolates, Micromonospora sp. RV43, Rubrobacter sp. RV113, and Nocardiopsis sp. RV163 that had previously been isolated from Mediterranean sponges. The draft genomes were analyzed for the presence of gene clusters indicative of secondary metabolism using antiSMASH 3.0 and NapDos pipelines. Our findings demonstrated the chemical richness of sponge-associated actinomycetes and the efficacy of genome mining in exploring the genomic potential of sponge-derived actinomycetes.

Compressibility as a means to detect and characterize globular protein states.

We report compressibility data on single-domain, globular proteins which suggest a general relationship between protein conformational transitions and delta kzeroS, the change in the partial specific adiabatic compressibility which accompanies the transition. Specifically, we find transitions between native and compact intermediate states to be accompanied by small increases in kzeroS of +(1-4) x 10(-6) cm3.g-1.bar-1 (1 bar = 100 kPa). By contrast, transitions between native and partially unfolded states are accompanied by small decreases in kzeroS of -(3-7) x 10(-6) cm3.g-1.bar-1, while native-to-fully unfolded transitions result in large decreases in kzeroS of -(18-20) x 10(-6) cm3.g-1.bar-1. Thus, for the single-domain, globular proteins studied here, changes in kzeroS correlate with the type of transition being monitored, independent of the specific protein. Consequently, kzeroS measurements may provide a convenient approach for detecting the existence of and for defining the nature of protein transitions, while also characterizing the hydration properties of individual protein states.

Proline-rich sequences that bind to Src homology 3 domains with individual specificities.

To study the binding specificity of Src homology 3 (SH3) domains, we have screened a mouse embryonic expression library for peptide fragments that interact with them. Several clones were identified that express fragments of proteins which, through proline-rich binding sites, exhibit differential binding specificity to various SH3 domains. Src-SH3-specific binding uses a sequence of 7 aa of the consensus RPLPXXP, in which the N-terminal arginine is very important. The SH3 domains of the Src-related kinases Fyn, Lyn, and Hck bind to this sequence with the same affinity as that of the Src SH3. In contrast, a quite different proline-rich sequence from the Btk protein kinase binds to the Fyn, Lyn, and Hck SH3 domains, but not to the Src SH3. Specific binding of the Abl SH3 requires a longer, more proline-rich sequence but no arginine. One clone that binds to both Src and Abl SH3 domains through a common site exhibits reversed binding orientation, in that an arginine indispensable for binding to all tested SH3 domains occurs at the C terminus. Another clone contains overlapping yet distinct Src and Abl SH3 binding sites. Binding to the SH3 domains is mediated by a common PXXP amino acid sequence motif present on all ligands, and specificity comes about from other interactions, often ones involving arginine. The rules governing in vivo usage of particular sites by particular SH3 domains are not clear, but one binding orientation may be more specific than another.

Delineating zones to increase geographical detail in individual response data files: An application to the Spanish 2011 Census of population

Due to confidentiality considerations, the microdata available from the 2011 Spanish Census have been codified at a provincial (NUTS 3) level except when the municipal (LAU 2) population exceeds 20,000 inhabitants (a requirement that is met by less than 5% of all municipalities). For the remainder of the municipalities within a given province, information is only provided for their classification in wide population intervals. These limitations, hampering territorially-focused socio-economic analyses, and more specifically, those related to the labour market, are observed in many other countries. This article proposes and demonstrates an automatic procedure aimed at delineating a set of areas that meet such population requirements and that may be used to re-codify the geographic reference in these cases, thereby increasing the territorial detail at which individual information is available. The method aggregates municipalities into clusters based on the optimisation of a relevant objective function subject to a number of statistical constraints, and is implemented using evolutionary computation techniques. Clusters are defined to fit outer boundaries at the level of labour market areas.

Citizenship in the discourse of Egyptian political parties. EUSpring Working Paper No. 6, June 2015 [also Citizenship Report no. 3]

The concept of citizenship is one of the most complicated in political and social sciences. Its long process of historical development makes dealing with it particularly complicated. Citizenship is by nature a multi-dimensional concept: there is a legal citizenship, referring first to the equal legal status of individuals, for instance the equality between men and women. Legal citizenship also refers to a political dimension, the right to start and/or join political parties, or political participation more broadly. Thirdly, it has a religious dimension relating to the right of all religious groups to equally and freely practice their religious customs and rituals. Finally, legal citizenship possesses a socio-economic dimension related to the non-marginalisation of different social categories, for instance women. All of these dimensions, far from being purely objects of legal texts and codifications, are emerging as an arena of political struggle within the Egyptian society. Citizenship as a concept has its roots in European history and, more specifically, the emergence of the nation state in Europe and the ensuing economic and social developments in these societies. These social developments and the rise of the nation state have worked in parallel, fostering the notion of an individual citizen bestowed with rights and obligations. This gradual interaction was very different from what happened in the context of the Arab world. The emerging of the nation state in Egypt was an outcome of modernisation efforts from the top-down; it coercively redesigned the social structure, by eliminating or weakening some social classes in favour of others. These efforts have had an impact on the state-society relation at least in two respects. First, on the overlapping relation between some social classes and the state, and second, on the ability of some social groups to self-organise, define and raise their demands. This study identifies how different political parties in Egypt envision the multi-dimensional concept of citizenship. We focus on the following elements: Nature of the state (identity, nature of the regime) Liberties and rights (election laws, political party laws, etc.) Right to gather and organise (syndicates, associations, etc.) Freedom of expression and speech (right to protest, sit in, strike, etc.) Public and individual liberties (freedom of belief, personal issues, etc.) Rights of marginalised groups (women, minorities, etc.)

The relation of the individual to the republic : a sermon delivered before His Excellency Marcus Morton, governor, His Honor Henry H. Childs, lieutenant governor, the honorable Council, and the legislature of Massachusetts, at the annual election, on Wednesday, January 3, 1844 /

Printed by order of the Massachusetts House of Representatives.

Soredial dispersal from individual soralia in the lichen Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl.

Soredial dispersal from individual soralia of Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl. was studied in the field under natural conditions and by exposing the soralia to an electric fan. Individual soralia were placed on the adhesive surface of dust particle collectors which were pinned to vertical boards in the field. The majority of soredia that were deposited on the adhesive strips during the experiments were found within 1 cm of the source soralium. Deposition was studied over 6 successive days under natural conditions. Significantly fewer soredia were deposited from soralia after removal of mature accumulations and from soralia taken from moist thalli compared with soralia from air dry thalli. In addition, there was a decline in soredial deposition over the 6 days. The influence of wind speed and initial thallus moisture content on soredial deposition over short intervals of time was studied using an electric fan. More soredia and larger soredial clusters were deposited from air dry than moist soralia at all wind speeds. Variation in wind speed between 4 and 9 m/sec had little effect on soredial deposition. Deposition of soredia was also studied using the fan over successive 5-min intervals. Large numbers of soredia were deposited during the first 5-min period. Deposition then declined but recovered after about four 5-min periods. In all experiments there were differences between individual soralia in total numbers of soredia deposited and in the pattern of deposition over time. These results suggest (1) soredia accumulate on soralia and these deposits may be gradually or rapidly depleted in the field, (2) that after the release of soredial accumulations some newly exposed soredia may be rapidly dispersed, (3) a high initial thallus moisture content inhibits soredial release and (4) variation in wind speed is less important than moisture in influencing soredial deposition. The results may help to explain the intermittent pattern of soredial deposition and the poor correlations between deposition and climatic factors observed previously in the field. © 1992.

Discovery of "Warm Dust" galaxies in clusters at z ~ 0.3: evidence for stripping of cool dust in the dense environment?

Using far-infrared imaging from the "Herschel Lensing Survey," we derive dust properties of spectroscopically confirmed cluster member galaxies within two massive systems at z ~ 0.3: the merging Bullet Cluster and the more relaxed MS2137.3-2353. Most star-forming cluster sources (~90%) have characteristic dust temperatures similar to local field galaxies of comparable infrared (IR) luminosity (T_dust ~ 30 K). Several sub-luminous infrared galaxy (LIRG; L_IR < 10^11 L_☉) Bullet Cluster members are much warmer (T_dust > 37 K) with far-infrared spectral energy distribution (SED) shapes resembling LIRG-type local templates. X-ray and mid-infrared data suggest that obscured active galactic nuclei do not contribute significantly to the infrared flux of these "warm dust" galaxies. Sources of comparable IR luminosity and dust temperature are not observed in the relaxed cluster MS2137, although the significance is too low to speculate on an origin involving recent cluster merging. "Warm dust" galaxies are, however, statistically rarer in field samples (>3σ), indicating that the responsible mechanism may relate to the dense environment. The spatial distribution of these sources is similar to the whole far-infrared bright population, i.e., preferentially located in the cluster periphery, although the galaxy hosts tend toward lower stellar masses (M_* < 10^10 M_☉). We propose dust stripping and heating processes which could be responsible for the unusually warm characteristic dust temperatures. A normal star-forming galaxy would need 30%-50% of its dust removed (preferentially stripped from the outer reaches, where dust is typically cooler) to recover an SED similar to a "warm dust" galaxy. These progenitors would not require a higher IR luminosity or dust mass than the currently observed normal star-forming population.

Coordination networks of Cu2+ ions with 1,3-bis[2-(4-pyridyl)ethyl]benzene : strong structure-directing role of the counter ion (nitrate, acetate and sulphate), leading to clusters, sheets and chains

Date of Acceptance: 16/10/2015