Phytoextraction of heavy metals from mine soils using hyperaccumulator plants

The aim of this work was to study some hyperaccumulator species that could be useful to decontaminate mine soils and also to investigate the bioavailability and uptake of these metals by plants with the addition of organic amendments. Pot experiments were performed with soil samples collected from two mining areas in the north of Madrid, where there was an intense mining activity more than 50 years ago. Three species (Thlaspi arvense, Brassica juncea and Atriplex halimus) were grown under controlled conditions in pots filled with contaminated soils mixed with 0 Mg, 30 Mg and 60 Mg per hectare of two different organic amendments: a commercial compost made of pine bark, peat and wood fiber and other made of horse and sheep manure and wood fiber. Plants were harvested at the end of their crop cycle and were digested in order to measure metal concentration (Zn, Cu and Cd) in roots and shoots. Highest plant metal concentration was observed in pots treated with pine bark amendment and with pure soil due to an increase in metal bioavailability with decreasing pH. Also in those treatments the total plant biomass was lower, even some plants could not germinate. On the contrary, there was a lower metal concentration in plant tissues of pots with manure because its higher pH whereas plant growth was significantly larger so there was an incresing amount of metals removed from soil by plants. Comparing the three species results indicate a higher total metal uptake in A. halimus than B. juncea and T. arvense. In conclusion, results show that pH affects metal bioavailability and uptake by hyperaccumulator plants. Addition of organic amendments could be a successful technique for stabilization of metals in contaminated soils.

Phytostabilization of metals in mine soils using Brassica juncea in combination with organic amendments

Background and aims The high metal bioavailability and the poor conditions of mine soils yield a low plant biomass, limiting the application of phytoremediation techniques. A greenhouse experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of organic amendments on metal stabilization and the potential of Brassica juncea L. for phytostabilization in mine soils. Methods Plants were grown in pots filled with soils collected from two mine sites located in Central Spain mixed with 0, 30 and 60 tha?1 of pine bark compost and horse- and sheep-manure compost. Plant biomass and metal concentrations in roots and shoots were measured. Metal bioavailability was assessed using a rhizosphere-based method (rhizo), which consists of a mixture of low-molecular-weight organic acids to simulate root exudates. Results Manure reduced metal concentrations in shoots (10?50 % reduction of Cu and 40?80 % of Zn in comparison with non-amended soils), bioconcentration factor (10?50 % of Cu and 40?80 % of Zn) and metal bioavailability in soil (40?50 % of Cu and 10?30 % of Zn) due to the high pH and the contribution of organic matter. Manure improved soil fertility and was also able to increase plant biomass (5?20 times in shoots and 3?30 times in roots), which resulted in a greater amount of metals removed from soil and accumulated in roots (increase of 2?7 times of Cu and Zn). Plants grown in pine bark treatments and in non-amended soils showed a limited biomass and high metal concentrations in shoots. Conclusions The addition of manure could be effective for the stabilization of metals and for enhancing the phytostabilization ability of B. juncea in mine soils. In this study, this species resulted to be a potential candidate for phytostabilization in combination with manure, differing from previous results, in which B. juncea had been recognized as a phytoextraction plant.

Efecto de dos dietas hipocalóricas y su combinación con ejercicio físico sobre la tasa metabólica basal y la composición corporal

El Síndrome Metabólico (SMet) se diagnostica por el cumplimiento de al menos tres criterios: hipertrigliceridemia, HDL-C disminuido, hipertensión arterial, glucemia alterada en ayunas y obesidad. Dicha obesidad constituiría el punto inicial para el desarrollo del SMet. Según la evidencia científica, las dietas hipocalóricas, incluyendo la mediterránea y la reducida en grasa con alto contenido en carbohidratos, reducen la masa grasa (MG) de estos pacientes y su efecto se potencia al combinarse con ejercicio físico (EF), pero se desconoce aún su influencia sobre la tasa metabólica basal (TMB). Objetivo: Conocer el efecto de dos dietas hipocalóricas: mediterránea y baja en grasas, combinadas o no con EF, sobre la TMB y la composición corporal (CC) de adultos con SMet. Métodos: 36 voluntarios, > 50 años, ambos sexos, con diagnóstico de SMet. Se asignaron aleatoriamente a uno de los cuatro grupos de intervención: Dieta hipocalórica mediterránea (MED), Dieta hipocalórica baja en grasa (CHO) ó ambas asociadas a EF (MEDE y CHOE respectivamente). Se evaluó CC (antropometría) y TMB (calorimetría indirecta) antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: La adición de EF a los dos tratamientos hipocalóricos produjo mayor pérdida de peso y MG que las dietas por sí solas, siendo esta pérdida en CHOE > MEDE (p < 0,05). Dichos grupos descendieron la TMB siendo MEDE > CHOE (p < 0,05). La Dieta Mediterránea, combinada o no con EF, disminuyó la MM siendo MEDE > MED (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: CHOE fue el tratamiento que mayor pérdida de peso y MG produjo, induciendo menor reducción de TMB y manteniendo un mejor perfil de CC que MEDE.

Altar maior del Temple en Valencia [Material gráfico]

Resumen: Descripción: altar mayor de la iglesia del Temple de Valencia de estilo barroco. Bajo el baldaquino, la Virgen y el Niño.

Pragmática

Real Pragmática fechada el 24 de septiembre de 1736

Obra molt graciosa dels efectes que causan las pussas, y los treballs, y anuig que donan, y la diligencia ques te en caçarlas, y justiciarlas [Texto impreso]

Hay un ejemplar encuadernado con: Discret rahonament, quiexa formal que fan contra el Micalet de la Seu, la Torre de Espioca, y la Torre de Paterna, sobre la gran visita que éste tingué en lo dia cinc de Deembre [sic] ... per veure y admirar tan magnífica obra y deliciosa vista ... Carlos Quart (que Deu guart) y el señor Don Fernando de Borbó ... : (XVIII/1105).

Cuento de un rector de platxeria, y de un escolá quel servia [Texto impreso]

Hay un ejemplar encuadernado con: Discret rahonament, quiexa formal que fan contra el Micalet de la Seu, la Torre de Espioca, y la Torre de Paterna, sobre la gran visita que éste tingué en lo dia cinc de Deembre [sic] ... per veure y admirar tan magnífica obra y deliciosa vista ... Carlos Quart (que Deu guart) y el señor Don Fernando de Borbó ... : (XVIII/1105).

Explicacion de la doctrina christiana [Texto impreso] : en que se declara copiosamente todo lo que deve creer, y obrar el Christiano para salvarse, con sigulares, y raros Exemplos ... : y en el fin se añade el Exercicio devoto del Via Crucis ...

Escudo arzobispal en A2

Una mirada antropológica sobre el conflicto, la desigualdad y los procesos de reinserción social en Colombia

For more than half of a century, Colombia has been living in a state of violence, a nationwide political violence. As the time goes by, this situation gets even worse. Now the violence is implanted for different interests, such as personal, political, social and economical interests. For this reason, the information for this thesis was gathered from the time of the independence, through the era of violence until today; considering a reflection that begins with the perspective of Marx, passing by a theoretical compilation of the conflict, with an anthropological, psychological, biological and sociological perspective. In addition, different theories about violence have been studied to recognize the ideological approach of the different armed movements that have emerged in Colombia. Statistical, economical and social data including class struggle, social stratification, exclusion and gender perspective among others, have been considered from an anthropological and interdisciplinary approach for studying the violence. A strong interest in the social reintegration process, through an ethnographic study, based on the actors backgrounds, their lives, experiences and their geographical location have provided information that will allow to know the reality of those who are living in the process, those who survive it and those who go on with their lives in society, and those who after doing it return to the armed groups. Population displaced by violence, refugees, has contributed to this study about their possibilities to return to the society or to be excluded by it. With this purpose, a theoretical and a documentary analysis as well as fieldwork have been done, trying to bring forward tools and guidelines to make some progress in developing effective solutions for social integration of Colombian armed conflict victims.

Martini Azpilcuetæ ... Consiliorum & responsorum, quæ in quinque libros, iuxta numerum & titulos Decretalium, distribuuntur, tomi duo.

Sign.: *6, A-Z6, 2A-2I6, A-Y6, Z8, a-d6, e4

Commentarius in quatuor libros Aristotelis de coelo : insuper etiam quaestiones quae ex eisdem libris accipi possunt in contrariam partem disputatae / authore Gasparo Cardillo Villalpandeo ...

Sign.: []4, A-S6, T8

Chronica de los muy Altos, y esclarecidos Reyes Catholicos Don Hernando y Doña Ysabel de gloriosa memoria, ... / compuesta que fue en romance por Hernando del Pulgar ... ; vista por el excele[n]tissimo y Reuere[n]dissimo señor don Hernando de Aragon ... ;

Colofón

Arte de la lengua mexicana, que fue usual entre los indios del obispado de Guadalajara y de parte de los de Durango y Michoacan.

Date on cover-title.

Libro de buen amor edicioń,

Mode of access: Internet.