1000 resultados para Escolas do ensino fundamental
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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This research analyzes the development of motor skills of kicking andhitting 60 children, six years old, from three schools in the city of Bauru. Thestudents were videotaped performing the task of kicking and hitting. Thecollected data were analyzed by three independent evaluators who rated theskills in development stages (early, elementary and mature), following thecharacteristics presented by Gallahue and Ozmun (2005), adding two morecategories: beginner / intermediate, elementary / intermediate. The resultsshowed that there were differences between the skills of kicking and hitting.This may be related to cultural aspects. Also found that most children havenot reached the mature stage of development the two skills, which is contraryto that expected in the literature.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The child accidents are a serious public health problem, but can be prevented by the education. The Ministries of Health and Education suggest preventive actions in schools, but these are scarce, as well as the materials to be used in the educational context. The objective of this study was to evaluate an educational intervention on prevention of accidental falls. Participants were 17 students of the fourth year of elementary school at a municipal school. We checked the students' prior knowledge, read a paradicdatic book and re-verification of knowledge. The results indicated an increase of correct answers by 40% comparing the data obtained before and after the action. It is concluded that the educational activity favored the expansion of knowledge about the theme in the educational environment.
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Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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The research addresses the teacher know-how in relation to how it is crafted to education for sexuality in two public schools in Coimbra - Portugal, with teachers from different areas of the 3rd cycle of basic education (humanities, sciences and biological sciences), which corresponds to the Elementary School II in Brazil. It will be based on law 60/2009 of August 6, regulated by Decree 196-A of April 9, 2010 of the Ministry of Education - Portugal, which establishes the implementation of sexual education in primary and secondary schools across the country. This research is funded by FAPESP - Research Support Fund of the State of São Paulo, process number 2011/12902-3. The research was based on a qualitative approach, conducting case studies and using semistructured interviews for data collection. The performance of the topic of sexuality and gender relations at Portuguese’s classroom aims to provide young people the opportunity to exercise their sexuality in a responsible, healthy and pleasurable way. The law seeks to ensure that this work is established in the Portuguese school effectively. Therefore, the trajectory of teachers formation (initial or continuing) will also be a focus of this research, to understand how and where it is built and how they act in their daily classroom practices, with their students the sexuality and gender relations
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In order to expand educational services in the country, were recently approved laws that changed both the organization of schools as the population they served, as was the case of Law nº. 11.274/2006 that extended the elementary school from eight to nine years registration of students at six years old. The Elementary School for nine years and the implications of this legal change were object of study in this research was proposed to analyze the relationship between texts and practices experienced in a public school in Sao Paulo state in which they identify with adjustment difficulties the new educational context. The research was also carried out to study the pedagogical practice developed in a first class this school year. In compliance with the proposed objectives, we conducted a qualitative empirical research base associated with a bibliographic and documentary. In empirical research were used as instruments to collect data to participant observation in a classroom of 1st year and the interview with the teacher of their class. Our initial hypothesis was that schools were presenting great difficulties of adaptation and organization by the mandatory extension of service to children in elementary school. Through the research, this hypothesis is confirmed evidence of a real gap between the guidelines and their legal ramifications in the official documents published by the Ministry of Education and the state for resources for adaptation to physical, material and educational schools
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Poucos são os professores que tiveram a oportunidade de vivenciar em sua formação atividades envolvendo a construção de mapas conceituais. Essa ferramenta, elaborada e difundida por Joseph Novak na década de 70, é de fundamental importância para a organização de elementos necessários à aprendizagem, pois possibilita ao aluno articular ideias e associar novas informações a conhecimentos estudados anteriormente permitindo ao professor utilizá-lo também como um importante instrumento na avaliação da aprendizagem. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a concepção dos professores do Ensino Fundamental sobre a utilização dos mapas conceituais como forma de organizar, avaliar e facilitar a aprendizagem dos alunos, bem como verificar quantos os utilizam em sua prática pedagógica. Para a realização do estudo, foram feitas pesquisa bibliográfica, buscando fundamentação teórico-metodológica e pesquisa de campo descritiva com aplicação de questionário aos professores de seis escolas municipais dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental no município de Bauru, com perguntas fechadas de múltipla escolha, para levantar informações acerca do conhecimento dos professores sobre o assunto. Após o questionário, foi realizado o acompanhamento das aulas de um dos participantes para observar, descrever, analisar e discutir a metodologia adotada na realização do seu trabalho. Para a análise e a interpretação dos dados coletados, foi empregada abordagem qualiquantitativa e extraíram-se inferências dos resultados. Os resultados indicam que ainda é incipiente a aplicabilidade dos mapas conceituais nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Sugerimos que este tema seja abordado em cursos de Formação continuada dos docentes
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Com o passar do tempo e com a maior evolução da informática devido à criação de computadores cada vez mais potentes foram feitos diversos investimentos em ferramentas para transmissão de informações a distância. Dentre essas ferramentas estão softwares para interação usuário-máquina, programas que auxiliam a realização de processos de maneira eficaz e automatizada e a internet, que possibilitou conectar vários usuários em todo o mundo. O uso da informática é cada vez mais necessário em todas as áreas e isso não é diferente na educação. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar as condições de 10 escolas localizadas em três cidades do Estado de São Paulo: Campinas, Leme e Botucatu, com relação à utilização da informática no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos e como recurso aos professores e funcionários para o auxilio a informatização do ambiente escolar e desenvolvimento de novas práticas de ensino. Por meio das respostas foi possível fazer um levantamento das condições do uso da informática nas escolas visitadas identificando as deficiências ainda encontradas com relação à utilização dos computadores. Nota-se ainda nas escolas, um equívoco sobre a real função do computador que muitas vezes é confundido como simples entretenimento ao invés de um grande mecanismo para o processo de desenvolvimento cognitivo e aprendizagem.
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O objetivo deste projeto foi identificar as necessidades referentes às atividades práticas/experimentais no ensino de Ciências nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental e realizar oficinas de formação continuada aos professores para suprir essas necessidades. Para isso, elaborou-se um questionário que foi aplicado a 129 professores das séries iniciais em 10 escolas municipais de Botucatu, com perguntas sobre dados gerais e atitude sobre o Ensino de Ciências/atividades experimentais. Os resultados mostraram que 69,77% dos professores não sabem o que é o letramento científico; os conteúdos mais desenvolvidos são: Corpo Humano (12,62%), Animais (11,07%), Água (10,68%), Plantas (10,10%), Meio ambiente (9,9%) e Higiene (9,32%). As maiores dificuldades para desenvolver o conteúdo foram: falta de material (28,32%), não saber elaborar/desenvolver atividades práticas (22,12%), falta de local (11,50%), falta de tempo (7,96%) e falta de conhecimentos do professor (9,73%). Sobre a freqüência de práticas, 58,06% utilizam ―às vezes‖. As maiores dificuldades para o uso de práticas são: falta de material (28,42%), falta de local (26,32%) e falta de conhecimento do professor (9,47%). As práticas utilizadas com maior freqüência são recursos – vídeos, textos – (29,41%), temas (19,12%) e atividades de campo (12,50%). Nota-se que faltam cursos de atualização e de conhecimentos básicos sobre ciências aos professores, que realizam poucas práticas com seus alunos e afirmam ter falta de conhecimento sobre ciências. Os dados serviram de referência para a elaboração de uma proposta de oficinas para professores, enfatizando-se a importância do ensino de ciências e das atividades práticas. Foi, ainda, elaborada uma apostila para os professores, que podem ser realizadas em sala de aula, com materiais de fácil acesso.
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Overall, in Brazilian schools, the concept of reading does not take into account its possibilities and its meaning for life. But read is assigning meaning to something , make sense, interact with the text read. Thus, the present study addresses the mechanical reading, that without contextualization, performed on a technique by joining letters and syllables loose and also reading social use, consisting of statements, dialogism , polyphony and heteroglossy. It is known that the mechanical reading brings undesirable consequences, including learning problems, such as lack of attention, concentration, memory, imagination. When the reading is taught in a systematic way, with only the goal of the code decoding of written language, destroys social perspectives and intellectual development. It is common, when you offer the children a book, there the difficult disinterest of textual interpretation, because there is no attribute meaning to the content, and even the ability to interact with the text. With the interest in studying the dialogic reading this and the statements and genres, the present study was based on several authors: Bakhtin (1988, 2000), Schneuwly and Dolz (2000), Faraco (2009) and Ponzio (2009) Jolibert (1994), Bajard (2002; 2007) Foucambert (1997) Martins ( 1985) and Smith ( 1999). Aim for this study the following research question: what are the contributions of Mikhail Bakhtin's theory to the teaching of reading from kindergarten through the first grade of elementary school? Our hypothesis is that if they are guaranteed to pre -school and elementary school beginners diversified materials and new approaches in teaching reading and encouragement to her, will be developed in children a taste for the act of reading, so that they can assign meaning and significance, making reading part of their lives...
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This research was aimed to discuss the prospect constructivist education. This study was based on a survey literature and an investigation of teaching practices performed the daily routine of a classroom in the first years of elementary school a bilingual private school in Bauru - SP. For development of empirical research was adopted as a tool for collecting observation data. Then the results were analyzed the light of constructivist theory. Through this work we could confirm that observed in the classroom teaching practice-based perspective constructivist happens successfully. Many important elements of constructivist perspective, such as planning lessons, adoption collaborative teaching strategies and investment relations Interpersonal are satisfactorily achieved by teachers who, overall, considering the students' prior knowledge, establish strategies that foster learning, value the interpersonal relationships with group work and guided by the collaboration in the mediation of teacher education process. Therefore, the practice teaching does not happen spontaneously or empirical, critical often attributed to constructivism nowadays.