La maladie liée aux IgG4 : une cause possible d'ictère obstructif

La maladie liée aux immunoglobulines de type G4 (ML-IgG4) est reconnue depuis le début des années 2000 comme une entité regroupant un ensemble de maladies inflammatoires à caractéristiques histopathologiques communes. Pouvant atteindre quasiment tous les organes et tissus, elle se manifeste le plus souvent de manière subaiguë chez des hommes de plus de 50 ans, sous forme de masse ou d'agrandissement diffus des organes atteints. L'aspect histopathologique est celui d'une infiltration lymphoplasmocytaire à prédominance de plasmocytes IgG4 positifs et d'une fibrose progressive. Ses caractéristiques cliniques et radiologiques peuvent rendre difficile la distinction avec un processus tumoral. La maladie répond bien à un traitement systémique de glucocorticoïdes, avec toutefois un haut taux de récidives après l'arrêt du traitement. Immunoglobulin G4 related disease (IgG4-RD) has been recognized since early 2000s as an entity comprising a set of inflammatory diseases with common histopathological features. The disease may affect almost all organs and tissues, and often occurs in a subacute fashion in males over 50 years as a mass or diffuse enlargement of affected organs. The histopathological appearance is characterized by a lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with predominantly IgG4-positive plasma cells and progressive fibrosis. Its clinical and radiological features can make the distinction with a malignancy difficult. The disease responds well to systemic glucocorticoids however with a high rate of recurrence after treatment discontinuation.

La maladie liée aux IgG4: une cause possible d'ictère obstructif [IgG4-related disease: a possible cause of obstructive jaundice].

Immunoglobulin G4 related disease (IgG4-RD) has been recognized since early 2000s as an entity comprising a set of inflammatory diseases with common histopathological features. The disease may affect almost all organs and tissues, and often occurs in a subacute fashion in males over 50 years as a mass or diffuse enlargement of affected organs. The histopathological appearance is characterized by a lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with predominantly IgG4-positive plasma cells and progressive fibrosis. Its clinical and radiological features can make the distinction with a malignancy difficult. The disease responds well to systemic glucocorticoids however with a high rate of recurrence after treatment discontinuation.

PAPILOMATOSE MÚLTIPLA E RECORRENTE UNILATERAL: AVALIAÇÃO PELOS MÉTODOS DE IMAGEM

Papilomas múltiplos são tumores benignos de pacientes jovens, que se caracterizam por risco aumentado de recorrência e predisposição a desenvolver câncer de mama subjacente. Os autores relatam um caso de papilomatose múltipla unilateral, no qual se realizou excisão de 21 papilomas, com o objetivo de demonstrar os principais aspectos de imagem dessa entidade, incluindo os achados mamográficos, ecográficos e da ductogalactografia.

Sistematização do estudo anatômico do aqueduto vestibular por tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução em pacientes com doenças de Ménière unilateral

OBJETIVO: Sistematizar a avaliação do aqueduto vestibular por tomografia computadorizada de alta resolução (TCAR) em pacientes com doença de Ménière unilateral e comparar com um grupo-controle. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Selecionamos 20 pacientes com doença de Ménière unilateral, segundo critérios da Academia Americana de Otorrinolaringologia - Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, e um grupo-controle composto por dez indivíduos com avaliação auditiva normal, totalizando 60 orelhas, distribuídas igualmente em três grupos: grupo I - doença de Ménière, orelha comprometida; grupo II - doença de Ménière, orelha não-comprometida; grupo III - controle. Submetemos os pacientes à TCAR de ossos temporais. O estudo das imagens foi feito de modo cego, procurando avaliar a visibilidade da porção descendente do aqueduto vestibular. Os dados obtidos foram correlacionados com os respectivos grupos. RESULTADOS: A visualização do aqueduto vestibular foi de 95% no grupo I, 90% no grupo II e 100% no grupo III. CONCLUSÃO: É possível sistematizar a avaliação por TCAR do aqueduto vestibular, com aquisição axial, usando a mesma técnica radiológica, conhecimento anatômico e seguimento seqüencial das estruturas da orelha interna. Com esta sistematização houve alta taxa de visualização do aqueduto vestibular, sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos.

Pielite enfisematosa unilateral: relato de caso

Relata-se um caso de paciente de 22 anos de idade, gênero feminino, que foi admitida no pronto-socorro com lombalgia aguda, disúria, vômitos e febre (38,5ºC). Os achados de exames de urina e tomografia computadorizada demonstraram infecção no trato urinário associada a gás no sistema coletor, configurando pielite enfisematosa unilateral por Gram-negativo. O presente relato enfatiza a ocorrência deste agravo como complicação de infecção no trato urinário.

Unilateral pulmonary veins atresia: evaluation by computed tomography

Unilateral pulmonary vein atresia is a rare congenital condition. In addition to cardiac malformations or pulmonary hypertension, patients may present with recurrent pulmonary infections or hemoptysis in childhood or adolescence. The authors report a case where the typical findings of such condition were observed at computed tomography in an adult patient.

High-resolution computed tomography and histopathological findings in hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a pictorial essay

Abstract Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is a diffuse interstitial and granulomatous lung disease caused by the inhalation of any one of a number of antigens. The objective of this study was to illustrate the spectrum of abnormalities in high-resolution computed tomography and histopathological findings related to hypersensitivity pneumonitis. We retrospectively evaluated patients who had been diagnosed with hypersensitivity pneumonitis (on the basis of clinical-radiological or clinical-radiological-pathological correlations) and had undergone lung biopsy. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is clinically divided into acute, subacute, and chronic forms; high-resolution computed tomography findings correlate with the time of exposure; and the two occasionally overlap. In the subacute form, centrilobular micronodules, ground-glass opacities, and air trapping are characteristic high-resolution computed tomography findings, whereas histopathology shows lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrates, bronchiolitis, variable degrees of organizing pneumonia, and giant cells. In the chronic form, high-resolution computed tomography shows traction bronchiectasis, honeycombing, and lung fibrosis, the last also being seen in the biopsy sample. A definitive diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis can be made only through a multidisciplinary approach, by correlating clinical findings, exposure history, high-resolution computed tomography findings, and lung biopsy findings.

Walking-induced muscle fatigue impairs postural control in adolescents with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy.

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is likely to be an important limiting factor in adolescents with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). AIMS: To determine the effects of walking-induced fatigue on postural control adjustments in adolescents with unilateral CP and their typically developing (TD) peers. METHODS: Ten adolescents with CP (14.2±1.7yr) and 10 age-, weight- and height-matched TD adolescents (14.1±1.9yr) walked for 15min on a treadmill at their preferred walking speed. Before and after this task, voluntary strength capacity of knee extensors (MVC) and postural control were evaluated in 3 conditions: eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC) and with dual cognitive task (EODT). RESULTS: After walking, MVC decreased significantly in CP (-11%, P<0.05) but not in TD. The CoP area was only significantly increased in CP (90%, 34% and 60% for EO, EC and EODT conditions, respectively). The CoP length was significantly increased in the EO condition in CP and TD (20% and 21%) and was significantly increased in the EODT condition by 18% in CP only. CONCLUSIONS: Unlike TD adolescents, treadmill walking for 15min at their preferred speed lead to significant knee extensor strength losses and impairments in postural control in adolescents with unilateral spastic CP.