993 resultados para Comercio Oriente-Ocidente (1945- )
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Tese apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências Sociais, especialidade em Relações Internacionais
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[54] hojas : ilustraciones, fotografÃas.
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61 hojas : ilustraciones.
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59 hojas : ilustraciones.
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10 hojas : cuadros.
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25 hojas : Cuadros.
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112 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografÃas.
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164 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografÃas color.
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This study, "Civil Rights on the Cell Block: Race, Reform, and Violence in Texas Prisons and the Nation, 1945-1990," offers a new perspective on the historical origins of the modern prison industrial complex, sexual violence in working-class culture, and the ways in which race shaped the prison experience. This study joins new scholarship that reperiodizes the Civil Rights era while also considering how violence and radicalism shaped the civil rights struggle. It places the criminal justice system at the heart of both an older racial order and within a prison-made civil rights movement that confronted the prison's power to deny citizenship and enforce racial hierarchies. By charting the trajectory of the civil rights movement in Texas prisons, my dissertation demonstrates how the internal struggle over rehabilitation and punishment shaped civil rights, racial formation, and the political contest between liberalism and conservatism. This dissertation offers a close case study of Texas, where the state prison system emerged as a national model for penal management. The dissertation begins with a hopeful story of reform marked by an apparently successful effort by the State of Texas to replace its notorious 1940s plantation/prison farm system with an efficient, business-oriented agricultural enterprise system. When this new system was fully operational in the 1960s, Texas garnered plaudits as a pioneering, modern, efficient, and business oriented Sun Belt state. But this reputation of competence and efficiency obfuscated the reality of a brutal system of internal prison management in which inmates acted as guards, employing coercive means to maintain control over the prisoner population. The inmates whom the prison system placed in charge also ran an internal prison economy in which money, food, human beings, reputations, favors, and sex all became commodities to be bought and sold. I analyze both how the Texas prison system managed to maintain its high external reputation for so long in the face of the internal reality and how that reputation collapsed when inmates, inspired by the Civil Rights Movement, revolted. My dissertation shows that this inmate Civil Rights rebellion was a success in forcing an end to the existing system but a failure in its attempts to make conditions in Texas prisons more humane. The new Texas prison regime, I conclude, utilized paramilitary practices, privatized prisons, and gang-related warfare to establish a new system that focused much more on law and order in the prisons than on the legal and human rights of prisoners. Placing the inmates and their struggle at the heart of the national debate over rights and "law and order" politics reveals an inter-racial social justice movement that asked the courts to reconsider how the state punished those who committed a crime while also reminding the public of the inmates' humanity and their constitutional rights.
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This recording dissertation surveys post-1945 literature written for piano trio (violin, violoncello and piano) by ten Danish composers. The literature was first considered for inclusion by searching a database provided by the Danish Music Information Center (www.mic.dk). Scores were rented from the publisher Edition Wilhelm Hansen AS, or purchased from the publisher Samfundet til Udgivelse af Dansk Musik. An additional score published by Viking Musikforlag was used as well. The music was then studied and evaluated for selection. During the selection process, the following criteria were considered: 1) quality of the compositions; 2) recognition of the composers at the national or international level; 3) whether the compositions had been previously recorded; and 4) variety of compositional styles. The selected works are written by Niels Viggo Bentzon, Vagn Holmboe, Anders Koppel, Herman D. Koppel, Bent Lorentzen, Anders Nordentoft, Per Norgard, Michael Nyvang, Karl Aage Rasmussen, and Poul Rovsing Olsen. The selected compositions were practiced, rehearsed, and performed under direct supervision of the composers and other expert musicians. In order to better understand the compositional style of each composer, relevant books, articles, and recordings were researched and studied. This recording dissertation is supported by a written document. A subjective preference for program balance was exercised to determine the order of recorded works. The written document is divided into chapters defined by composer, following the order of the recorded document, which include the composers' biographies and notes referring to the recorded compositions. The recording took place at the Manzius Gaarden, Birkerod, Denmark during three sessions: July 31-August 2, 2002, March 2 and 3, 2003, and June 2-4, 2003. The music for this dissertation was recorded by the members of the Jalina Trio; Line Fredens, violin, Janne Fredens, cello and Natsuki Fukasawa, piano. Aksel Trige, a well-respected recording engineer, was engaged for the recording and editing. Additionally, a Hamburg Steinway concert grand piano was rented and a Joseph Guarnerius filius Andreas Cremona violin (1706) was provided by the Augustinus Fonden, Denmark. The cellist used her own instrument, Vuillaume of Paris (c. 1850). The expense of this recording was partially paid by generous grants from the Augustinus Fonden, the Solist Foreningen af 1921, and the Dansk Musikerforbunds Kollective Rettighedsmidler. The compositions selected for this recording dissertation are assumed to be previously unrecorded, with the exception of Poul Rovsing Olsen's Trio II.
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En las últimas dos décadas, el consumidor mundial ha venido modificando sus hábitos de consumo y con ello las industrias debieron adaptarse, pasando de una visión de ofrecer lo que estaban dispuestas a producir, a otra netamente centrada en los deseos de sus clientes. Este hecho tuvo su impacto en los alimentos, manifestado en las exigencias del consumidor respecto a la calidad y origen, entre otros atributos. En este nuevo escenario, las cadenas agroalimentarias han tenido que adaptarse, recurriendo al rediseño de sus transacciones, alineadas vÃa estructura de gobernancia eficientes. Abordar sus cambios, bajo una concepción sistémica, implicó que debÃan alcanzar el equilibro básico entre el ambiente institucional, el organizacional y el tecnológico. El objetivo de la presente tesis es realizar un diagnóstico de la cadena de la nuez de nogal del subsistema La Rioja - Catamarca, en vista de proponer estrategias y tácticas de mejora en la inserción del producto en el mercado mundial. Para ello, se emplea el método de Planificación y Gestión Estratégica de los Sistemas Productivos (GESis) y como marco teórico sus cuatro pilares fundamentales: las Netchain; las acciones colectivas en los sistemas productivos; las economÃas de los costos de transacción y el papel de los contratos; y los modelos de gestión estratégica, planificación estratégica y planes de marketing. El bajo grado de asociación entre productores, las fallas de coordinación entre los actores y la asimetrÃa de la información, contribuyen a que las acciones colectivas no se plasmen en el tejido productivo del subsistema de la nuez de nogal y con ello no se pueda acceder a nichos de mercado externo Premium, donde el sobre pecio llega hasta el 80 por ciento
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En el presente trabajo se compara el comportamiento de los principales paÃses en el flujo de comercio internacional ante dos crisis de carácter sistémico e igual magnitud: la crisis de 1930 y la crisis económico financiera de 2008-2009. Se busca demostrar que a diferencia de lo ocurrido durante la Gran Depresión de 1930, las disciplinas impuestas por el sistema multilateral de comercio (GATT-OMC) y la estructuración de la producción y el comercio en cadenas globales de valor desalientan el denominado "proteccionismo tóxico" que lleva a guerras comerciales. Bajo la visión teórica del institucionalismo liberal "a la Robert Keohane" y sobre la base del modelo de acción colectiva de Robert Axelrod, los gobiernos prefieren seguir las reglas y principios de los regÃmenes internacionales del que forman parte, incluso cuando ante una crisis mundial su propio auto-interés miope les aconseje inflinjirlas.
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p.187-196
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En las últimas dos décadas, el consumidor mundial ha venido modificando sus hábitos de consumo y con ello las industrias debieron adaptarse, pasando de una visión de ofrecer lo que estaban dispuestas a producir, a otra netamente centrada en los deseos de sus clientes. Este hecho tuvo su impacto en los alimentos, manifestado en las exigencias del consumidor respecto a la calidad y origen, entre otros atributos. En este nuevo escenario, las cadenas agroalimentarias han tenido que adaptarse, recurriendo al rediseño de sus transacciones, alineadas vÃa estructura de gobernancia eficientes. Abordar sus cambios, bajo una concepción sistémica, implicó que debÃan alcanzar el equilibro básico entre el ambiente institucional, el organizacional y el tecnológico. El objetivo de la presente tesis es realizar un diagnóstico de la cadena de la nuez de nogal del subsistema La Rioja - Catamarca, en vista de proponer estrategias y tácticas de mejora en la inserción del producto en el mercado mundial. Para ello, se emplea el método de Planificación y Gestión Estratégica de los Sistemas Productivos (GESis)y como marco teórico sus cuatro pilares fundamentales: las Netchain; las acciones colectivas en los sistemas productivos; las economÃas de los costos de transacción y el papel de los contratos; y los modelos de gestión estratégica, planificación estratégica y planes de marketing. El bajo grado de asociación entre productores, las fallas de coordinación entre los actores y la asimetrÃa de la información, contribuyen a que las acciones colectivas no se plasmen en el tejido productivo del subsistema de la nuez de nogal y con ello no se pueda acceder a nichos de mercado externo Premium, donde el sobre pecio llega hasta el 80 por ciento
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This paper discusses the development of provision for the training of teachers in English further and technical education from 1945 to 1956. While these years saw little growth in this provision, they were formative in that the institutional and curricular patterns of teacher training for the diverse fields of technical and further education were developed at this time. The work of the three national centres in Bolton, London and Huddersfield, during the period of the Emergency Training Scheme (ETS) is summarised with particular reference to the influence of the Ministry of Education‟s conditions for ETS colleges and courses. With the ending of the ETS in 1951 the three centres were given permanent status as teacher training colleges which in turn brought them into association with their local universities as constituent colleges of their Area Training Organisations. The consequences of this transfer to the universities for the curriculum and assessment of technical teacher training and the 'policy dichotomy' of teacher training for secondary and technical education are examined.