A educação em saúde pública na práqtica cotidiana: atuação dos cirurgiões-dentistas do PSF de Natal-RN

Considering education a support to health promotion, care integration and citizenship formation,the purpose of this research was to analyze the perception of the oral surgeons from the Family Health Program of Natal-RN over education in health as well as their performance as educators based on their activities on the program. A qualitative study was accomplished by a semi-structured interview and a Free Association of Words Test with 80 oral surgeons from the Family Health Program of Natal-RN. The instruments were analyzed through the meaning analysis and the Central Nucleus of Vergès Theory. The results showed a lack of planning in health actions so there is no standardization on the educative practices done by the oral surgeons which mostly are focused on scholars. There was an agreement among the group according to the oral surgeons´ perception about education in health that education is related to its function of recall prevention ideas to the population. Most part of the context units analyzed by the professionals´ speech show the knowledge of education in health as an inadequate behavior change instrument of the individuals. An interesting point was a quotation cited by some professionals that included actual themes such as citizenship, motivation and life quality, put inside the speech of education in health. To the oral surgeons the biggest difficulties on the development of the educative actions are due to the lack of incentive by the Municipal Health Bureau and to the detachment and lack of valorization of the themes by the population. The oral surgeons consider themselves co-responsible for the formation of a population which is able to request its health. They also mention the knowledge about the need of the community participation on the planning of the Family Health Program actions. Finally, it is notable the need for more encouragement so the oral surgeons can be more capable and have more interest in applying education in health on the perspective of a new model in health, because once capable and stimulated they can awake the population to education importance as a great transformation instrument for people searching for a fair, equalitarian and citizeness society

O turismo de base local como um possível indutor de desenvolvimento rural: uma análise da realidade e das potencialidades no distrito de dondo-moçambique

The current debate on rural development focuses on the territorial approach, recognizing the multifunctional character of rural areas. Emphasize the use of endogenous forces, the need of implement policies which valorize local specificities, the participation of social actors in revitalization of rural areas. In this context tourism enters as a means to induce a new dynamic to rural areas, since the activity is regarded as a channel for the upgrading of the natural and cultural resources and the rural way of life. This study focuses on local-based tourism as a promoter of rural development, giving an analysis of the social reality and potential for this tourism in the district of Dondo. In it, is proposed to analyze the potential for development of local-based tourism in the district of Dondo, assessing the extent to which local reality enables the inclusion of the community in the management of local tourism resources. For this, was showed the inclusion of local-based tourism in the current context of rural development, was identified and organized systematically the factors that influence the implementation of local-based tourism in the study area and was verified as far as possible the study area corresponds to the constraints identified, showing how local-based tourism can best been encouraged. Was adopted a qualitative methodological approach to both the procedures and data processing, but also by critical approach, using bibliographical research, semi-structured interviews that fell on the group of public administrators who work in tourism and community leaders. The critical analysis was based on the principles of sustainability o Sachs particular ecological, social, cultural, economic, space, beyond the analysis of political and institutional aspects. The survey results show that the district of Dondo has a potential for implementing a model of tourism development on a local basis, since it is rich in natural and cultural research, benefits from good network accessibility in the context of the market in the region, the population live according to their habits and customs and value their identity. There is also a good cooperation between community members, although not in tourism, a fact which is observed through the lever of community participation in associations, cooperatives, working in areas such as agriculture, fishing, environment, civic education etc. It also has public funding sources to augment or stimulate local investment. Despite obstacles such as inexistence of policies and local plans for tourism development, lack of awareness of tourism, lack of basic infrastructure, as well as equipment and facilities to support tourism, the results shows that these problems can be solved through a public commitment from both government, and community through a joint planning and participation

Participação social e designação de espécie-bandeira: ações complementares à conservação de um parque estadual em área urbana

Facing environmental problems the planet appears several alternative preventive and control on behalf of the equation between development and environmental protection. One of the alternatives implemented in Brazil to conservation of biodiversity was the creation of protected natural areas regulated by the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC). This is an integrated study of the Comunication / Environmental Conservation, which prioritizes social participation as a complementary in the conservation process, the particular case of the Dunas do Natal State Park, the first conservation area in Rio Grande do Norte, for full protection. It takes into account the roles environmental, scientific and Park, which harbors a unique biodiversity, including endemic species and the fact being located in an urban area. It proposes the use of two complementary instruments, such as strategies for conservation. Considering the various individual experiences, it was analyzed the perception that the community is directly related to the Park. From this promoted the democratization of information about the park, its biodiversity and conservation. As another conservation tool, it was suggested the use of a flagship species for the park, or a body chosen symbol for environmental or social reasons, in order to protect and conserve certain natural environments, from the understanding and co -community participation. In this case, as proposed flag Coleodactylus natalensis species, the lizard-the-litter, to be endemic remnants of Atlantic Forest Park as having the type locality, be one of the smallest species of the world, South America's lowest-dependent shadow of the forest, sensitive to human action and therefore very vulnerable. This suggestion finds support in the degree of public acceptance that interacts directly with the Park, as a result of the evaluation of their perceptions. It was further observed in this study that this symbology to be used in order to promote the democratization of the Park and its biodiversity has an identification result, curiosity and probable involvement of the population with the issues of the Park

A participação de Conselheiros Municipais de Saúde: solução que se transformou em problema?

A proposta de controle social instituída pela constituição abriu perspectivas para uma prática democrática ímpar no setor saúde. O Sistema Único de Saúde utiliza o Conselho Municipal de Saúde (CMS) como meio de cumprimento do princípio constitucional da participação da comunidade para assegurar o controle social sobre as ações e serviços de saúde do município. O CMS tem competência para examinar e aprovar as diretrizes da política de saúde, para que sejam alcançados seus objetivos. Ao atuar na formulação de estratégias, o Conselho pode aperfeiçoá-las, propor meios aptos para sua execução ou mesmo indicar correções de rumos. em Botucatu (SP), o CMS existe desde 1992 e nossa proposta foi analisar a participação dos conselheiros e sua representatividade. Para esse propósito, utilizamos uma abordagem qualitativa que permitisse uma aproximação e o conhecimento daquela realidade. Os resultados mostraram, entre vários aspectos, que, em média, metade dos conselheiros titulares e um terço dos suplentes comparecem às reuniões. Além de interessados, esses conselheiros trazem reivindicações ou sugestões do grupo que representam, considerando boa a repercussão dessas reivindicações, porém nem sempre obtêm respostas satisfatórias, pois algumas decisões são tomadas fora do âmbito do conselho; percebem dificuldade de integração entre os serviços de saúde; a própria organização das reuniões dificulta a participação e, muitas vezes, a reunião apenas aprova pacotes ministeriais que devem ser implementados. Ouvir os conselheiros permitiu levantar problemas que precisam ser enfrentados e, com isso, fazer avançar o processo democrático, ou seja, um desafio para a vida.

Avaliação da atenção à saúde da criança no contexto da Saúde da Família no município de Teixeiras, Minas Gerais (MG, Brasil)

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a atenção à saúde da criança pelo Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF) do município de Teixeiras, MG, Brasil. Foi aplicado um questionário a 161 mães de crianças menores de dois anos. Utilizou-se um sistema de escores específicos para análise das dimensões de estrutura, processo e resultado e seus respectivos atributos, classificando o município nos cenários incipiente, intermediário e avançado. Configurou-se, na síntese, um cenário intermediário (49,6%) para o PSF, caracterizado por uma atenção à saúde da criança fragmentada, mas com avanços na organização da atenção para este grupo. Foram consideradas incipientes as instalações físicas, a qualidade do cuidado no controle da diarréia e das infecções respiratórias, a participação comunitária e a intersetorialidade. Os avanços estiveram relacionados ao acolhimento realizado pelo programa, no entanto, as atividades preventivas e promocionais do PSF demonstram que o programa surge como um suporte do hospital e mais um local de atendimento médico. A atuação do PSF na atenção a saúde das crianças distancia-se da proposta de reorientação do modelo assistencial hegemônico, pela qual foi criado, dificultando estratégias na prevenção de doenças e na promoção da saúde.

Integrando comunicação, saúde e educação: experiência do UNI-Botucatu

Relata-se experiência inicial de trabalho com as áreas de Comunicação e Educação em Saúde em projeto de cooperação entre universidade, serviços de saúde e organizações comunitárias para o desenvolvimento integrado de modelos inovadores de ensino, de sistemas locais de saúde e de ação comunitária. Apresenta-se proposta de operacionalização de ações de Comunicação e Educação em Saúde, com ênfase na interação serviços-comunidade. Nesta busca-se não só fortalecer as instâncias formais de participação dos usuários, mas ainda desenvolver outros espaços de comunicação e interação serviços-comunidade, procurando, assim, transformar progressivamente pacientes em usuários-cidadãos.

Education in primary school as a strategy to control dengue

A proliferação do Aedes aegypti é propiciada pelo habito de permitir a formação de criadouros em vários tipos de recipientes. Uma das formas de controla-lo é a disseminação do conhecimento sobre o vetor, por conduzir a conscientização e a tomada de medidas contra a sua proliferação. Para avaliar um método de ensino sobre o vetor e a dengue, foram comparando alunos de 5ª e 6ª séries antes e após a intervenção didática. Os alunos com intervenção foram mais aptos em reconhecerem as fases do ciclo e tiveram um discernimento maior sobre a importância dos mosquitos para a saúde. Eles também foram mais aptos em reconhecerem quais medidas de controle são mais eficientes e viáveis, repercutindo em suas residências que apresentaram duas vezes menos criadouros em relação aos que não tiveram intervenção.

Aproximacion a una estrategia general de evaluacion de la vivienda en comunidades marginales de las metropolis de paises en vias de desarrollo

Evaluation is regarded as a highly complex, continuous process intended to improve the object-subject involved. In the case of marginal metropolitan neighborhoods, whose inhabitants live in conditions unfit for human beings, we must remember that the specific actors in the drama - the users of the area of operation - should be the main creators of their own individual and community development through the evaluation-improvement process. This paper provides a basis for discussing such an approach. -from English summary

Processo educativo: sociedade e natureza. As Geociencias como vetor no processo educativo

This paper presents methodological questions and new ideas related to the Geosciences concepts and its development in association to the Natural Sciences study for Elementary and Basic Schools. Special attention has been focused to the NIMEC', a project responsible for programs to the Natural Sciences progress and global information in the Environmental Education. The geologic environment relationships constitute the demarcator that includes some Environmental Education matter. Interdisciplinary focus seems to be the most adequate way to the necessary community participation. -English summary

Educación y cohesión social en América Latina

Incluye bibliografía

Trade and investment promotion between Asia-Pacific and Latin America: present position and future prospects

Includes bibliography

Indicadores de gestión urbana: los observatorios urbano-territoriales para el desarrollo sostenible: Manizales, Colombia

Incluye Bibliografía

Gestión urbana: plan de descentralización del municipio de Quilmes: Buenos Aires, Argentina

Incluye Bibliografía

Nuevas experiencias de concertación público-privada: las corporaciones para el desarrollo local: estudio de casos en las comunas de Santiago y Huechuraba, Area Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile

Incluye Bibliografía

Servicios públicos urbanos y gestión local en América Latina y el Caribe: problemas, metodologías y políticas

Incluye Bibliografía