Charged particle transverse momentum spectra in pp collisions at √s = 0:9 and 7 TeV

The charged particle transverse momentum (pT) spectra are presented for pp collisions at √s = 0:9 and 7TeV. The data samples were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to integrated luminosities of 231 μb-1 and 2.96 pb-1, respectively. Calorimeter-based high-transverse-energy triggers are employed to enhance the statistical reach of the high-pT measurements. The results are compared with leading and next-toleading order QCD and with an empirical scaling of measurements at different collision energies using the scaling variable xT - 2pT=ps over the pT range up to 136 GeV/c. Using a combination of xT scaling and direct interpolation at fixed pT, a reference transverse momentum spectrum at √s = 2:76TeV is constructed, which can be used for studying high-pT particle suppression in the dense QCD medium produced in heavy-ion collisions at that centre-of-mass energy. Copyright CERN.

Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV in events with a single lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum

Results are reported from a search for physics beyond the standard model in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7TeV, focusing on the signature with a single, isolated, high-transverse-momentum lepton (electron or muon), energetic jets, and large missing transverse momentum. The data sample comprises an integrated luminosity of 36 pb-1, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is motivated by models of new physics, including supersymmetry. The observed event yields are consistent with standard model backgrounds predicted using control samples obtained from the data. The characteristics of the event sample are consistent with those expected for the production of tt̄ and W+jets events. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the parameter space for the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model.

Measurement of the lepton charge asymmetry in inclusive W production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

A measurement of the lepton charge asymmetry in inclusive pp → WX production at √s = 7TeV is presented based on data recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb -1. This high precision measurement of the lepton charge asymmetry, performed in both the W → eν and W → μν channels, provides new insights into parton distribution functions. Copyright CERN.

Measurement of the underlying event activity at the LHC with √s = 7 TeV and comparison with √s = 0:9 TeV

A measurement of the underlying activity in events with a jet of transverse momentum in the several GeV region is performed in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 0:9 and 7TeV, using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The production of charged particles with pseudorapidity |η|<2 and transverse momentum pT >0:5 GeV/c is studied in the azimuthal region transverse to that of the leading set of charged particles forming a track-jet. A significant growth of the average multiplicity and scalar-pT sum of the particles in the transverse region is observed with increasing pT of the leading trackjet, followed by a much slower rise above a few GeV/c. For track-jet pT larger than a few GeV/c, the activity in the transverse region is approximately doubled with a centreof- mass energy increase from 0:9 to 7TeV. Predictions of several QCD-inspired models as implemented in pythia are compared to the data.

Antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of hydrothermally-treated 'Fuerte' avocado

Avocados possess high nutritional value with proven effectiveness in preventing cardiovascular diseases, attributed primarily to their unsaturated fatty acids content. This fruit is also rich in carotenoids and vitamins, particularly vitamin E. This work evaluates the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of hydrothermally-treated Fuerte avocado. Fruits were selected and hydrothermally treated at 45°C for 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. They were then stored in a refrigerator (10 ± 10°C and 90±5% relative humidity) and evaluated over a 15-day period. The total phenolic content increased up to the sixth day of storage, and decreased thereafter, without differences between the treatments. The percentage of antioxidant capacity of the control and the hydrothermally-treated samples for 5 and 10 min increased during storage. Untreated fruits showed the highest percentage of antioxidant capacity. However, the antioxidant capacity of avocado fruits subjected to these treatments declined starting on the twelfth day of storage, possibly due to the fruits' senescence. Hydrothermal treatments for 15 and 20 min delayed fruit senescence while the antioxidant capacity continued to increase up to the fifteenth day of storage. No significant correlation was found between antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. The antioxidant capacity of ripe Fuerte avocado was higher than that of unripe or overripe avocado.

J/ψ and ψ (2S) production in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

A measurement of the J/ ψ and ψ (2S) production cross sections in pp collisions at √s = 7TeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 37 pb -1. Using a fit to the invariant mass and decay length distributions, production cross sections have been measured separately for prompt and non-prompt charmonium states, as a function of the meson transverse momentum in several rapidity ranges and integrated in the kinematical regions considered in this study. In addition, cross sections restricted to the acceptance of the CMS detector are given, which are not affected by the polarization of the charmonium states. The ratio of the differential production cross sections of the two states, where systematic uncertainties largely cancel, is also determined. The branching fraction of the inclusive B → ψ (2S)X decay is extracted from the ratio of the non-prompt cross sections to be: B(B → ψ (2S)X) = (3:08 ± 0:12 (stat.+syst.) ± 0:13 (theor.) ± 0:42 (BPDG)) × 10 -3: B(B → ψ(2S)X) = (3.08 ± 0.12 (stat.+syst.) ± 0.13 (theor.) ± 0.42 (B PDG)) × 10 -3.

Search for microscopic black holes in pp collisions at √ s = 7 TeV

A search for microscopic black holes in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7TeV is presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb1 recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2011. Events with large total transverse energy have been analyzed for the presence of multiple energetic jets, leptons, and photons, which are typical signals of evaporating semiclassical and quantum black holes, and string balls. Agreement with the expected standard model backgrounds, which are dominated by QCD multijet production, has been observed for various combined multiplicities of jets and other reconstructed objects in the final state. Model-independent limits are set on new physics processes producing high-multiplicity, energetic final states. In addition, new model-specific indicative limits are set excluding semiclassical and quantum black holes with masses below 3.8 to 5.3TeV and string balls with masses below 4.6 to 4.8TeV . The analysis has a substantially increased sensitivity compared to previous searches.

Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at √s = 7TeV

The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS has been studied using 40 pb-1 of data collected in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined. For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV/c is above 95% over the whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, < 2.4, while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeVc is higher than 90% over the full η range, and typically substantially better. The overall momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity for muons with pT below 100GeV/c and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV/c. Observed distributions of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation. © 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl.

Relationship between running intensity, muscle activation, and stride kinematics during an incremental protocol

Objective: To analyze the effect of running intensity on stride length (SL), stride frequency (SF), stride time (ST) and the electromyographic signal of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), tibialis anterior (TA), biceps femoris (BF) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) muscles. Methods: Nine well-trained runners performed an incremental protocol with an initial velocity of 10km.h-1, and increments of 1km.h-1 every 3minutes until exhaustion. The electromyographic activity, SL, SF, ST, inter-stride coefficient of variation, and association between kinematic and electromyographic parameters were calculated at 60%, 80% and 100% of maximum running velocity. Results: SL, SF and electromyographic activity of the RF, VM, VL and GL increased and the ST decreased with increased running speed. Electromyographic variability of VL and VM was higher than GL, and variability was lower in TA than all other muscles. The inter-stride variability of muscle activation was associated with kinematic parameters, and their variability, differently as running speed increased. Conclusion: The incremental protocol increased electromyographic activity differently among lower limb muscles; increased SF and SL, and decreased ST, without changing the variability of these variables. Muscle activation variability was correlated with kinematic parameters, but the relationships among these measures varied with running intensity. © 2013 .

Transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 2.36 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for supersymmetry in events with b jets and missing transverse momentum at the LHC

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Measurement of the inclusive Z cross section via decays to tau pairs in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Missing transverse energy performance of the CMS detector

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Prescribing and regulating exercise with RPE after heart transplant: a pilot study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Kinin B1 Receptor in Adipocytes Regulates Glucose Tolerance and Predisposition to Obesity

Background: Kinins participate in the pathophysiology of obesity and type 2 diabetes by mechanisms which are not fully understood. Kinin B-1 receptor knockout mice (B-1(-/-)) are leaner and exhibit improved insulin sensitivity. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we show that kinin B-1 receptors in adipocytes play a role in controlling whole body insulin action and glucose homeostasis. Adipocytes isolated from mouse white adipose tissue (WAT) constitutively express kinin B-1 receptors. In these cells, treatment with the B-1 receptor agonist des-Arg(9)-bradykinin improved insulin signaling, GLUT4 translocation, and glucose uptake. Adipocytes from B-1(-/-) mice showed reduced GLUT4 expression and impaired glucose uptake at both basal and insulin-stimulated states. To investigate the consequences of these phenomena to whole body metabolism, we generated mice where the expression of the kinin B-1 receptor was limited to cells of the adipose tissue (aP2-B-1/B-1(-/-)). Similarly to B-1(-/-) mice, aP2-B-1/B-1(-/-) mice were leaner than wild type controls. However, exclusive expression of the kinin B1 receptor in adipose tissue completely rescued the improved systemic insulin sensitivity phenotype of B-1(-/-) mice. Adipose tissue gene expression analysis also revealed that genes involved in insulin signaling were significantly affected by the presence of the kinin B-1 receptor in adipose tissue. In agreement, GLUT4 expression and glucose uptake were increased in fat tissue of aP2-B-1/B-1(-/-) when compared to B-1(-/-) mice. When subjected to high fat diet, aP2-B-1/B-1(-/-) mice gained more weight than B-1(-/-) littermates, becoming as obese as the wild types. Conclusions/Significance: Thus, kinin B-1 receptor participates in the modulation of insulin action in adipocytes, contributing to systemic insulin sensitivity and predisposition to obesity.