950 resultados para Ca2 coordination
Resumo:
Take-off, the most important phase in ski jumping, has been primarily studied in terms of spatio-temporal parameters; little is known about its motor control aspects. This study aims to assess the inter-segment coordination of the shank-thigh and thigh-sacrum pairs using the continuous relative phase (CRP). In total 87 jumps were recorded from 33 athletes with an inertial sensor-based system. The CRP curves indicated that the thighs lead the shanks during the first part of take-off extension and that the shanks rotated faster at the take-off extension end. The thighs and sacrum first rotated synchronously, with the sacrum then taking lead, with finally the thighs rotating faster. Five characteristic features were extracted from the CRP and their relationship with jump length was tested. Three features of the shank-thigh pair and one of the thigh-sacrum pair reported a significant association with jump length. It was observed that athletes who achieved longer jumps had their thighs leading their shanks during a longer time, with these athletes also having a more symmetric movement between thighs and sacrum. This study shows that inter-segment coordination during the take-off extension is related to performance and further studies are necessary to contrast its importance with other ski jumping aspects.
Resumo:
Whether the response of the fetal heart to ischemia-reperfusion is associated with activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway is not known. In contrast, involvement of the sarcolemmal L-type Ca2+ channel (LCC) and the mitochondrial KATP (mitoKATP) channel has been established. This work aimed at investigating the profile of JNK activity during anoxia-reoxygenation and its modulation by LCC and mitoK(ATP) channel. Hearts isolated from 4-day-old chick embryos were submitted to anoxia (30 min) and reoxygenation (60 min). Using the kinase assay method, the profile of JNK activity in the ventricle was determined every 10 min throughout anoxia-reoxygenation. Effects on JNK activity of the LCC blocker verapamil (10 nM), the mitoK(ATP) channel opener diazoxide (50 microM) and the blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD, 500 microM), the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) inhibitor Ru360 (10 microM), and the antioxidant N-(2-mercaptopropionyl) glycine (MPG, 1 mM) were determined. In untreated hearts, JNK activity was increased by 40% during anoxia and peaked fivefold relative to basal level after 30-40 min reoxygenation. This peak value was reduced by half by diazoxide and was tripled by 5-HD. Furthermore, the 5-HD-mediated stimulation of JNK activity during reoxygenation was abolished by diazoxide, verapamil or Ru360. MPG had no effect on JNK activity, whatever the conditions. None of the tested pharmacological agents altered JNK activity under basal normoxic conditions. Thus, in the embryonic heart, JNK activity exhibits a characteristic pattern during anoxia and reoxygenation and the respective open-state of LCC, MCU and mitoKATP channel can be a major determinant of JNK activity in a ROS-independent manner.
Resumo:
The 2012 Iowa Code section 324A.4, subsection 2, states the Iowa Department of Transportation (DOT) shall biennially prepare a report to be submitted to the general assembly and the governor prior to December 15 of even-numbered years. The report shall recommend methods to increase transportation coordination and improve the efficiency of federal, state, and local government programs used to finance public transit services and may address other topics as appropriate. Iowa has long been a leader in transportation coordination, from designated public transit agencies covering all 99 counties with little duplication, to requiring any agency receiving public dollars for the provision of transportation to first coordinate with the local public transit agency before providing the transportation on their own, to the creation of the Iowa Transportation Coordination Council. Coordination allows Iowa to provide much needed transportation services to the citizens of Iowa with the most efficient use of public funds. Coordination has been an important topic in Iowa for many years, but during these times of economic constraint and restraint and Iowas changing demographics, coordination of transportation services becomes even more critical.
Resumo:
The magnetic structure of the [Cu4(bpy)4(aspartate)2(H2O)3](ClO4)42.5 H2Ocrystal - using fractional coordinates determined at room-temperature has beenanalysed in detail. This analysis has been carried out by extending our first principlesbottom-up theoretical approach, which was initially designed to study through-spacemagnetic interactions, to handle through-bond magnetic interactions. The only input datarequired by this approach are the values of the computed JAB exchange parameters for allthe unique pairs of spin-containing centres. The results allow the magnetic structure ofthe crystal, which presents two types of isolated tetranuclear CuII clusters, to be definedin quantitative terms. Each of these clusters presents ferro and antiferromagneticinteractions, the former being stronger, although outnumbered by the latter. Thecomputed magnetic susceptibility curve shows the same qualitative features as theexperimental data. However, there are small differences that are presumed to beassociated with the use of room-temperature crystal coordinates.
Resumo:
The Missouri River floods of 2011 will go down in history as the longest duration flooding event this state has seen to date. The combination of above normal snowfall in the upper Missouri River basin followed by the equivalent of nearly one years worth of rainfall in May created an above normal runoff situation which filled the Missouri River and the six main reservoirs within the basin. Compounding this problem was colder than normal temperatures which kept much of the snowpack in the upper basin on the ground longer into the spring, setting the stage for this historic event. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) began increasing the outflow at Gavins Point, near Yankton, South Dakota in May. On June 14, 2011, the outflow reached a record rate of over 160,000 cubic feet per second (cfs), over twice the previous record outflow set in 1997. This increased output from Gavins Point caused the Missouri River to flow out of its banks covering over 283,000 acres of land in Iowa, forcing hundreds of evacuations, damaging 255,000 acres of cropland and significantly impacting the levee system on the Missouri River basin. Over the course of the summer, approximately 64 miles of primary roads closed due to Missouri River flooding, including 54 miles of Interstate Highway. Many county secondary roads were closed by high water or overburdened due to the numerous detours and road closures in this area. As the Missouri River levels began to increase, municipalities and counties aided by State and Federal agencies began preparing for a sustained flood event. Citizens, businesses, state agencies, local governments and nonprofits made substantial preparations, in some cases expending millions of dollars on emergency protective measures to protect their facilities from the impending flood. Levee monitors detected weak spots in the levee system in all affected counties, with several levees being identified as at risk levees that could potentially fail. Of particular concern was the 28 miles of levees protecting Council Bluffs. Based on this concern, Council Bluffs prepared an evacuation plan for the approximately 30,000 residents that resided in the protected area. On May 25, 2011, Governor Branstad directed the execution of the Iowa Emergency Response Plan in accordance with Section 401 of the Stafford Act. On May 31, 2011, HSEMD Administrator, Brigadier General J. Derek Hill, formally requested the USACE to provide technical assistance and advanced measures for the communities along the Missouri River basin. On June 2, 2011 Governor Branstad issued a State of Iowa Proclamation of Disaster Emergency for Fremont, Harrison, Mills, Monona, Pottawattamie, and Woodbury counties. The length of this flood event created a unique set of challenges for Federal, State and local entities. In many cases, these organizations were conducting response and recovery operations simultaneously. Due to the length of this entire event, the State Emergency Operations Center and the local Emergency Operations Centers remained open for an extended period of time, putting additional strain on many organizations and resources. In response to this disaster, Governor Branstad created the Missouri River Recovery Coordination Task Force to oversee the States recovery efforts. The Governor announced the creation of this Task Force on October 17, 2011 and appointed Brigadier General J. Derek Hill, HSEMD Administrator as the chairman. This Task Force would be a temporary group of State agency representatives and interested stakeholders brought together to support the recovery efforts of the Iowa communities impacted by the Missouri River Flood. Collectively, this group would analyze and share damage assessment data, coordinate assistance across various stakeholders, monitor progress, capture best practices and identify lessons learned.
Resumo:
The magnetic structure of the [Cu4(bpy)4(aspartate)2(H2O)3](ClO4)42.5 H2Ocrystal - using fractional coordinates determined at room-temperature has beenanalysed in detail. This analysis has been carried out by extending our first principlesbottom-up theoretical approach, which was initially designed to study through-spacemagnetic interactions, to handle through-bond magnetic interactions. The only input datarequired by this approach are the values of the computed JAB exchange parameters for allthe unique pairs of spin-containing centres. The results allow the magnetic structure ofthe crystal, which presents two types of isolated tetranuclear CuII clusters, to be definedin quantitative terms. Each of these clusters presents ferro and antiferromagneticinteractions, the former being stronger, although outnumbered by the latter. Thecomputed magnetic susceptibility curve shows the same qualitative features as theexperimental data. However, there are small differences that are presumed to beassociated with the use of room-temperature crystal coordinates.
Resumo:
La criminalistique prend une place de plus en plus grande dans l'enqute judiciaire. Les enjeux scientifiques depuis la scne d'investigation jusqu'au procs pnal sont multiples. De nombreux intervenants sont amens se ctoyer : techniciens, scientifiques, mdecins lgistes, enquteurs et magistrats. Des tensions sont perceptibles entre ceux-ci mais galement quant la place de la science dans le processus pnal. La raison principale de cette situation est que la prise en compte de l'indice matriel, dans l'enqute judiciaire et le procs pnal, n'est pas clairement tablie. La formation des juristes et des enquteurs ne leur permet pas de superviser les enqutes scientifiques. Le rle et la place des scientifiques dans l'enqute criminelle doivent tre rexamins. Par ailleurs, les mthodes de raisonnement en matire d'investigations scientifiques dans une affaire judiciaires sont complexes. Leur mauvaise apprhension participe aux tensions qui sont releves. Ces mthodes doivent tre approfondies. Le raisonnement mdical constitue un modle possible. Il s'enrichit de travaux mens en smiotique. La rsolution des tensions passe par la mise en place d'un nouveau personnage, le coordinateur criminalistique. Cela constitue un changement paradigmatique et une nouvelle activit scientifique complexe. Ce scientifique s'associe l'enquteur et au magistrat tout au long du processus judiciaire, depuis la scne d'investigation jusqu'au procs pnal. Ce paradigme s'impose quel que soit le modle judiciaire, accusatoire ou inquisitoire et les structures institutionnelles. Cette thse propose que ce coordinateur criminalistique soit un scientifique de haut niveau qui bnficie d'une solide formation thorique et pratique. Cette approche est fondamentalement thique car elle se focalise sur un tmoin matriel, garantit la prservation des droits humains et dfinit un processus transparent et quilibr dans l'laboration de la preuve.
Resumo:
Rapport de synthse : Implication des canaux Ca2+ de type L et des canaux KATP dans la protection induite par pacing dans un modle de coeur embryonnaire soumis l'anoxieroxygnation. Contexte et but : le canal Ca2+ de type L, les canaux K+ du sarcolemme (sarcKatp) et de la mitochondrie (mitoKatp) interviennent dans le prconditionnement ischmique ou pharmacologique du myocarde. La prsente tude cherche dterminer dans quelle mesure ces canaux peuvent aussi jouer un rle dans la cardioprotection induite par pacing. Mthodes :des coeurs d'embryons de poulet gs de 4 jours ont t soumis in ovo un pacing durant 12 heures, en pratiquant une stimulation lectrique ventriculaire asynchrone intermittente 110% de la frquence cardiaque intrinsque. Les coeurs contrles (sham) et les coeurs stimuls ont ensuite t soumis in vitro une priode d'anoxie de 30 minutes, suivie d'une roxygnation de 60 minutes. Les coeurs ont t exposs l'agoniste du canal Ca2+ de type L (Bay-K-8644, BAY-K) ou son bloqueur (vrapamil, VERAP), l'antagoniste non slectif des canaux KATP (glibenclamide, GLIB), ainsi qu' l'agoniste du canal mitoKATP (diazoxide, DIAZO), ou son antagoniste (5-hydroxydcanoate, 5-HD). L'lectrocardiogramme, le dlai lectro-mcanique (DEM) refltant le couplage excitation-contraction, ainsi que la contractilit myocardique ont t systmatiquement dtermins pendant l'anoxieroxygnation. Rsultats : en normoxie, la frquence cardiaque, l'intervalle QT, la conduction atrioventriculaire, le DEM et le raccourcissement ventriculaires taient identiques dans les coeurs sham et les coeurs stimuls. Par contre, au cours de la roxygnation post-anoxique, les arythmies cessaient plus prcocment et le DEM ventriculaire retrouvait plus rapidement son niveau initial dans les coeurs stimuls, compars aux sham. Dans les coeurs sham, BAY-K (mais pas le VERAP), DIAZO (mais pas le 5HD) ou GLIB acclraient la rcupration du DEM ventriculaire, reproduisant ainsi la protection induite par le pacing. En revanche, aucun de ces agents n'affectait la rcupration des cceurs stimuls. Conclusion : un pacing ventriculaire chronique et intermittent dlivr une frquence quasi physiologique amliore la tolrance myocardique une anoxie-roxygnation ultrieure. L'approche pharmacologique amontr qu'une activation discrte du canal Ca2+ de type L, une inhibition du canal sarcKATP et/ou une ouverture du canal mitoKATP peuvent contribuer la cardioprotection induite par le pacing.
Resumo:
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a probabilidade de resposta da produo de cana-de-acar adubao potssica, em razo da relao K+ (Ca2++Mg2+ )-0,5 no solo. Foram compilados dados de 106 experimentos de adubao potssica na cana-de-acar. Em cada experimento foi registrado o ciclo de cultivo (cana-planta ou cana-soca), os teores de K, Ca e Mg do solo antes da adubao potssica, a relao K+ (Ca2++Mg2+ )-0,5, e se houve, ou no, resposta estatisticamente significativa da produo adubao potssica. Foi utilizado o mtodo estatstico de regresso logstica, efetuado pelo procedimento CATMOD do Statistical Analysis System. A caracterstica ciclo de cultivo foi eliminada do modelo, pois esta se apresentou como no-significativa no ajuste estatstico. A relao K+ (Ca2++Mg2+ )-0,5 do solo influenciou a probabilidade de resposta da produo de cana-de-acar adubao potssica. medida que a relao K+ (Ca2++Mg2+ )-0,5 aumentou, a probabilidade de resposta da produo de cana-de-acar adubao potssica diminuiu. A relao K+ (Ca2++Mg2+ )-0,5 no solo foi classificada em baixa (<0,2547), mdia (0,2547 a 0,3349) e alta (>0,3349). A relao K+ (Ca2++Mg2+ )-0,5 no solo deve ser usada como mais um critrio para orientar a adubao potssica na cultura da cana-de-acar.
Resumo:
The Missouri River floods of 2011 will go down in history as the longest duration flooding event this state has seen to date. The combination of above normal snowfall in the upper Missouri River basin followed by the equivalent of nearly one years worth of rainfall in May created an above normal runoff situation which filled the Missouri River and the six main reservoirs within the basin. Compounding this problem was colder than normal temperatures which kept much of the snow pack in the upper basin on the ground longer into the spring, setting the stage for this historic event.
