Preparation of CeO2 nanopartides hydrosol

CeO2 nanoparticles hydrosol was synthesized by colloidal chemical method. The optimum experiment conditions for the preparation of CeO2 nanoparticles hydrosol were discussed. The effects of pH values, the reactant concentration and temperature on peptization process were studied. TEM photos showed that the CeO2 nanoparticles were spherical in shape and the size was about 3nm. Particle size distribution was in narrow range, and no agglomerates were observed. ED images indicated that the CeO2 nanoparticles were polycrystalline structure, and some of CeO2 were monocrystal particles.

Preparation and characterization of nanometer-sized CeO2/polystyrene hybrid material

Nanometer-sized CeO2/polystyrene hybrid material was prepared using reversed micelles microemulsion method. XRD analysis revealed that the CeO2 nanoparticles in polystyrene were amorphous. XPS patterns indicated that the hybrid material was not a simply physical mixture, but a certain strength of chemical bond between CeO2 nanoparticles and polystyrene existed. FTIR patterns revealed that the absorption of Ce-O bond in hybrid material was blue-shifted.

Reactivity of Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts for partial oxidation of methane to syngas

The ceria modified Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 catalysts were studied in the partial oxidation of methane to syngas. The SEM, XRD, TPR and TPD techniques were used for the catalyst characterization. The addition of ceria could enhance the Pt dispersion and decrease the Pt crystallise size; the activity and selectivity of catalyst for partial oxidation were improved significantly, and the methane total oxidation was suppressed sharply. The ceria effect was also discussed in a detailed way.

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas over Pt/A(2)O(3) and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3

The catalytic oxidation of methane to syngas has been carried out over Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/CeO2/Al2O3. It was found that the catalysts with ceria exhibit a higher activity and selectivity than those without ceria. The catalysts were characterized by means of TPR, TPD, SEM-EDX and XRD. There is a strong interaction between ceria and platinum under the reaction condition, which increase the dispersion of platinum over catalysts, preventing the sinter of the Pt particles. As a result of the synergistic;effect between Pt and ceria, the activity of Pt/Al2O3 for combustion reaction was suppressed, the activity and selectivity :For partial oxidation were improved greatly. Another role of ceria in the catalyst is the enhancing of the WGSR, which leads to the increase of the selectivity of catalyst for hydrogen and accelerating the equilibrium of the reaction.

Catalysis of the rare earth containing mixed oxides Ln(2)CuO(4) in phenol hydroxylation

Mixed oxides Ln(2)CuO(4+/-lambda)(Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd) with K2NiF4 structure were prepared. Their crystal structures were studied with XRD and IR spectra. Meanwhile, the average valence of Cu ions and nonstoichiometric oxygen (lambda) were determined through chemical analyses. Catalysis of the above-mentioned mixed oxides in the phenol hydroxylation was investigated. Results show that the catalysis of these mixed oxides has close relation with their structures and composition. Substitution of A site atom in Ln(2)CuO(4+/-lambda) has a great influence on their catalysis in the phenol hydroxylation.

活性炭酸处理对CuO／C催化剂上NO还原反应的影响

４种国产活性炭被用于ＮＯ还原反应；其中，山楂核炭和山桃核炭具有较高的ＮＯ还原转化率。实验发现，表面含氧基团－ＣＯＯ－对话性炭自身的还原性和对ＮＯ的还原活性有根重要的影响。对表面富－ＣＯＯ－基团的活性炭，稀盐酸处理使表面－ＣＯＯ－显著分解。浓硝酸处理使活性炭表面含氧量及－ＣＯＯ－基团都明显增加。这是浓硝酸处理使活性炭在较低反应温度下产生较高ＮＯ还原转化率的重要原因。对原始活性较差的煤质炭，这种作用表现得更为明显。

活性炭的表面化学性质及对CuO/C催化剂上NO还原性能的影响

活性炭是一种十重要的吸附剂和催化剂载体.它属于微晶结构,主要在低衍射角处产生一个比较大的弥散峰,因而人们尚不能够获得关于活性炭的清晰的空间结构特征.一般认为,活性炭的含氧量是影响其化学性质的一个重要因素.而含氧量和含氧基团分布与活化方式有关.遗憾的是,也还不能通过活化方式控制含氧量和含氧基团分布.目前,关于这些基团的组成和分布在催化剂制备的某些关键步骤中和催化反应中的行为都还知道得很少.本工作选取了4种市售国产活性炭:椰壳炭、山楂核炭、山桃核炭和煤质炭.实验表明,当活性炭本身做催化剂时,含氧基团起到了活性中心作用;在制备负载催化剂的浸渍阶段,含氧基团起着成核中心作用,含氧基团的分布可以影响金属离子的分散度.1 实验部分1.l 反应性能评价以等体积浸渍法制备担载量6.25%质量分数硝酸铜/活性炭催化剂.首先室温下真空干燥24h,然后烘箱中65℃下烘4h,再120℃下烘6℃.性能评价在连续流动微型反应装置上进行.石英反应管内径8mm,催化剂用量500mg(20～35目).反应前催化剂在He气中200℃下处理0.5h,然后350℃下热分解1h.反应气NO浓度1.5%摩尔分数(配在He气中),F/W=50mL/...

CuO／活性炭和Fe_2O_3／活性炭催化还原NO

ＣｕＯ／活性炭和Ｆｅ_２Ｏ_３／活性炭催化还原ＮＯ高志明，赵震，杨向光，吴越（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词活性炭，还原，ＮＯ，氧化铜，氧化铁目前，对固定源的ＮＯ处理是采用Ｖ２Ｏ５／ＴｉＯ２作催化剂，ＮＨ３作还原剂的选择催化还原方...

SYNTHESIS OF THE CLINOPYROXENES JOIN CAMGSI2O6-NAALSI2O6 FOR JEWELRY

Clinopyroxenes of the join CaMgSi2O6(diopside)-NaAlSi2O6 (jadeite) were synthesized in the temperature range 800-1900 degrees C and under varying pressure, 10-55 kbar. The stability regions of various compositions of diopside-jadeite have been established experimentally using different compositions of glass materials: stoichiometric composition NaAlSi2O6, 0.1CaMgSi(2)O(6)-0.9NaAlSi(2)O(6), 0.2CaMgSi(2)O(6)0.8NaAlSi(2)O(6), 0.3CaMgSi(2)O(6)-0.7NaAlSi(2)O(6), and 0.4CaMgSi(2)O(6)-0.6NaAlSi(2)O(6). Unit cell parameters of synthetic clinopyroxenes with the above compositions were determined. The physical properties, such as hardness, toughness, density, and refractive index, etc., were also measured. The results show that synthetic clinopyroxenes have the same properties as the natural one. The gem quality of diopside-jadeite clinopyroxenes was achieved by synthesised on the basis of the above experiments. Various colouring agents, such as Cr2O3, Co2O3, NiO2, Fe2O3, TiO2, MnO, CuO, and their combinations, FeO-Cr2O3, etc., were added to obtain the different colours of gem. In addition, small amounts of the rare-earth oxides, such as CeO2, Nd2O3, Sm2O3, Dy2O3, Eu2O3, Er2O3, Pr6O11, Lu2O3 and CuO-Eu2O3, Co2O3Nd2O3, etc., were also added to produce fluorescent clinopyroxenes for jewellery.

Photovoltaic Properties and Quantum Size Effect in Nanocrystalline CeO2

Different size. nanocrystallines CeO2 were synthesized and their diffuse reflectance absorption spectra have heen measured. The absorption band in the region from 300 to 450 nm was assigned to the O2p-Ce2 4f transition. It was found that a strongly red-shifted broad continuum of the absorption band occured as the decrease of the partical size. We have also measured the surface photovoltage as function of wavelength by SPS technique. And the absorption band was resolved to two peaks with different photovoltaic properties. Photovoltaic quantum size effect was observed by FMSPS measurement.

超微Y_2O_3、CuO和BaCO_3粉末的制备

本文采用固体草酸作沉淀剂,沉淀样品在水蒸汽气氛下焙烧分解,制成超微CuO、Y_2O_3和BaCO_3。用热分解法探讨其在水蒸汽下的分解机理,X射线衍射、红外光谱分析和元素分析对产物组成进行鉴定。通过电镜观察,超微粒子的粒径为:Y_2O_30.01～0.02μm、CuO0.02～0.03μm、BaCO_3～0.1μm。用空气吸附法测定其比表面积分别为146m~2g~(-1)、80m~2g~(-1)、20m~2g~(-1)。

Selective oxidehydrogenation of ethane with CO2 over CeO2-based catalysts

Ceria catalysts were found active and selective to the oxidehydrogenation of ethane (ODE) with CO2 and the actual contribution for C2H4 formation from heterogeneous catalysis was 75-55% in the range 953-993 K. The presence of calcium ions in solid solution in the ceria crystalline network increased significatively the selectivity to ethene and the efficiency of CO2 as oxidant in the heterogeneous reaction. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.