Using Efinol (R) L during transportation of marbled hatchetfish, Carnegiella strigata (Gunther)

The objective of this experiment was to test the efficacy of a probiotic (Efinol (R) L) during transportation of marbled hatchetfish, Carnegiella strigata. Wild specimens were captured from a small stream and transported for 24 h in plastic fish boxes with a probiotic (10 mg L-1) and probiotic-free water. The boxes were sampled at 3. 12 and 24 h of transport. At the end of the experiment, the survival rate was close to.100%) in both treatments. Dissolved oxygen diminished with time in both treatments, but the probiotic group had significantly higher levels. Conductivity. pH and ammonia increased significantly during the transport. demonstrating higher levels in the probiotic-free group. Fish from both treatments presented very high net Na+ and K+ effluxes after 3 h of transport. At 24 h, net K+ effluxes in fish of the probiotic treatment reached values close to zero and a significantly lower Na+ efflux was observed. Cortisol levels in both treatments at 3 and 12 h were significantly higher than that in control samples. Higher body cortisol levels were observed in the probiotic-frec group than that in the probiotic group at 3 and 12 h. The results demonstrate that addition of a probiotic during fish transport improves water quality and leads to fish presenting a lower stress response intensity.

Benefits of using the probiotic Efinol((R))L during transportation of cardinal tetra, Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz), in the Amazon

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Is the Thoroughbred race-horse under chronic stress?

Thoroughbred fillies were divided into three groups according to age: group 1, 7 fillies aged 1 to 2 years (G1) starting the training program; group 2, 9 fillies aged 2 to 3 years (G2) in a full training program; group 3, 8 older fillies 3 to 4 years of age (G3) training and racing. Blood samples were collected weekly from July to December. Cortisol was quantified using a solid phase DPC kit. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 12.5% and 15.65% and sensitivity was 1.9 ± 0.2 nmol/ l. The semester average of cortisol levels varied between groups: G1 = 148.8 ± 6.7, G2 = 125.7 ± 5.8, G3 = 101.1 ± 5.4 nmol/l, with G3 differing statistically from the other groups. The lower cortisol levels observed in the older fillies leads us to propose that the stress stimulus, when maintained over a long period of time, may become chronic and result in a reduction of hypophyseal corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors. The secretion of endogenous opioids may also lead to low serum cortisol levels.

The effects of stressful broodstock handling on hormonal profiles and reproductive performance of rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard) females

A stressful environment induces cortisol that might affect fish breeding and reproduction. In the present work, which aimed to mimic aquacultural conditions of the jundia (Rhamdia quelen) hatcheries in southern South America, females were submitted to normal or stressful handling and the effects of cortisol on serum levels of 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) were determined. In addition, the effect of stress on reproductive parameters such as eggs and swim-up fry production was also measured. Eight females from a group submitted to stressful handling (SH) conditions and eight females from a group with normal handling (NH) conditions were captured for blood sampling at D 0 and at D 1, 10, 20, 30, and 40 of the experiment. A typical cortisol response was observed in the SH females group in that they presented higher cortisol level in contrast to the NH female group, in all days sampled, except at D 0. In the 10th and 20th d, the E2 levels were lower in SH females, but cortisol levels were higher, suggesting an effect of cortisol on E2 production and/or release. Stressful handling appeared to affect both the number and the quality of the gametes because a lower number of oocytes was stripped from SH females, and from SH fertilized eggs, a lower number of viable swim-up fry was obtained to be transferred to earthen larviculture ponds. Taken together, the results indicated that stressful handling of broodstock impairs R. quelen reproduction. © Copyright by the World Aquaculture Society 2008.

Mitigating stress effects during transportation of matrinxã(Brycon amazonicus Günther, 1869; Characidae) through the application of calcium sulfate

This study verified the effects of CaSO4 on physiological responses of the tropical fish matrinxãBrycon amazonicus(200.2 ± 51.1 g) in water containing CaSO4 after a 4-h transportation at concentrations of: 0, 75, 150, and 300 mg L-1. Blood samples were collected prior to transportation (initial levels), immediately after packaging, at arrival, and 24 h and 96 h after transportation (recovery). Cortisol levels increased after ackaging (118.2 ± 14.2 ng ml-1), and decreased slightly after transportation in water containing CaSO4 (106.8 ± 14.1), but remained higher than initial levels (21.0 ± 2.6 ng ml)1). Fish kept at 150 mg L-1 CaSO4 reached the pre-transportation levels at 24 h of recovery. Blood glucose increased after transportation in all treatments (8.2 ± 0.2 mmol L-1) and declined after full recovery to values below initial levels (4.8 ± 0.1 mmol L-1). Chloride levels did not change in CaSO4 treatments; serum sodium concentrations decreased after packaging and after transportation. Serum calcium levels did not differ among treatments, but decreased after packaging and increased at 96 h of recovery. Hematocrit and the number of red blood cells were higher in all treatments after packaging and arrival, except in fish exposed to 300 mg L-1 CaSO4. Mean corpuscular volume increased in 75 mg L-1 CaSO4, which reached the higher VCM after transportation. Hemoglobin levels increased only after transportation, regardless of calcium sulfate levels. Handling before transportation and transportation itself were both stressful to fish; calcium sulfate at concentrations tested in the present work had a moderate influence in the reduction of stress responses. © 2009 Blackwell Verlag, Berlin.

Evaluation of von willebrand factor during pregnancy, lactation and oestrous cycle in bitches affected and unaffected by von willebrand disease

Plasmatic concentrations of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) increase during pregnancy in humans and dogs; however the mechanism of such increase is still not well defined. The aims of this study were: (i) to evaluate changes in vWF concentration during pregnancy and during the subsequent oestrous cycle in bitches affected and unaffected by von Willebrand Disease (vWD); (ii) to correlate the vWF levels and cortisol levels in both groups. Seven vWD affected (GI) and nine unaffected (GII) bitches were used. The animals were assessed during pregnancy, parturition, lactation and non-gestational oestrous cycle in 11 moments (Pregnancy 1, Pregnancy 2, Parturition, Lactation 1, Lactation 2, Lactation 3, Anestrus, Proestrus, Oestrus, Diestrus 1, and Diestrus 2). The following tests were performed; measurement of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), albumin and cortisol. In both groups, vWF concentration remained stable during the non-gestational oestrous cycle, but increased during pregnancy, with the highest value observed at parturition. Increases of 70% and 124% in vWF were seen in GI and GII, respectively, compared to anestrus. No correlation was found between vWF and cortisol. Values of vWF:Ag changed during pregnancy, with a peak at parturition, both in vWD affected and unaffected animals. Values of vWF were not altered in the different phases of the oestrous cycle following pregnancy in both groups. Evaluation of vWF during pregnancy can cause false negative results for vWD, but assessment can be performed at any point in the oestrous cycle of non-pregnant bitches. © 2012 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

A homogeneidade de tamanho aumenta as interações agressivas em machos revertidos de tilápia-do-nilo, linhagem GIFT

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Uso da morfina, xilazina e meloxicam para o controle da dor pós-operatória em cadelas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos endócrinos, anti-inflamatórios e na atividade pedométrica após as administrações de flunixin meglumine e de meloxicam no pós-operatório de laparotomias em bezerros

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos cardiorrespiratório e analgésico da anestesia intravenosa contínua com propofol e remifentanil em cães após medicação pré-anestésica com acepromazina

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Estudo clínico e laboratorial da intoxicação experimental por amitraz em gatos e comparação entre ioimbina e atipamezole como tratamento

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Avaliação do sistema APGAR (modificado por BORN, 1981) e dos níveis de cortisolemia, glicemia e de gases sanguíneos em cabritos nascidos de partos eutócicos e de cesariana

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Respostas zootécnicas, fisiológicas e comportamentais de ovelhas Santa Inês submetidas a diferentes fatores de estresse do início da lactação até o desmame

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estudos fisiológicos e metabólicos do estresse de manejo do pintado (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Resposta imune humoral em bovinos da raça nelore vacinados contra a raiva e suplementados com crômio orgânico

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ