982 resultados para Balcarce (Buenos Aires, Argentina)


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La azucena del campo (Az-del campo) (Habranthus gracilifolius) y la azucenita colorada (Az-colorada) (Rhodophiala bifida) son bulbosas nativas de Argentina de valor ornamental potencial, de las que se tiene escasa información sobre la germinación y el crecimiento. Para establecer la aptitud germinativa, el régimen de incubación más adecuado, y el crecimiento de las hojas y los bulbos, se realizó un ensayo de germinación y las plántulas se cultivaron en macetas durante un año. Se emplearon cuatro regímenes de incubación: temperatura constante de 20°C y alternadas de 20°/30°C y de 10°/20°C, todos con 8 horas de luz, y de 10°/20°C en oscuridad. Las semillas resultaron fotoblásticas neutras. A temperaturas de 20°C o de 10°/20°C, en ambas especies, la energía y el poder germinativo superaron el 75 y 92%, respectivamente, pero temperaturas de 20°/30°C demoraron la germinación. De otoño a fin de primavera las plantas presentaron hasta 4 hojas en Az-del campo y 2,5 hojas/ planta en Az-colorada, pero en verano no exhibieron hojas. Los bulbos presentaron crecimiento lineal, siendo mayores las tasas en Az-del campo (ancho = 0,022 y longitud = 0,049 mm.día-1) que en Az-colorada (ancho = 0,011 y longitud = 0,014 mm.día-1). La multiplicación por semillas es efectiva, pero en ambas especies se necesita más de un año para alcanzar el estadio reproductivo.

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Se presenta un compendio de la información disponible sobre la ictiofauna de parte de la región central de la Argentina y de la provincia de Buenos Aires, así como datos sobre aspectos hidrográficos e ictiogeográficos.

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Marine mammals accumulate heavy metals in their tissues at different concentrations according to trophic levels and environmental conditions. The franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) is a small coastal species inhabiting the marine and estuarine areas of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Its diet includes numerous species of small fish, squid and crustaceans. The aims of this study were to (i) assess the heavy metal concentration and burden distribution in different franciscana age classes and sex, and to (ii) evaluate both the accumulation processes and the transplacental transference of zinc, cadmium, copper and total mercury. Heavy metal concentrations (wet weight) were determined in eighteen dolphins by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), by the cold vapour technique (mercury) or with air/acetylene flame (cadmium, zinc and copper). Liver showed the highest concentrations of mercury (max. 8.8 mg/g), zinc (max. 29.7 mg/g) and copper (max. 19.0 mg/g), whereas the highest cadmium concentrations (max. 6.7 mg/g) were found in kidney. Adults contained the highest concentrations for all heavy metals, followed by juveniles and calves in decreasing order, suggesting an age-related accumulation. No differences (p<0.05) were found between sexes within each age class. Organ burden distribution followed the same pattern for all metals and age classes: liver tissues contained maximum burdens. Mercury concentrations were higher than those of cadmium in both foetuses and newborns; and neither metal could be detected in the foetus. The analysed data suggested differences in the placental transference between metals, being significant for mercury and almost null in the case of cadmium. We can conclude that franciscana accumulates heavy metals and, due to its coastal distribution, it may be considered as a biomonitor of its environment. SPANISH: Los mamíferos marinos acumulan metales pesados en sus tejidos cuyas concentraciones están en relación con su nivel trófico y las condiciones ambientales. La franciscana (Pontoporia blainvillei) es una especie costera que habita áreas marinas y estuariales en el Atlántico Sudoccidental. Su dieta está constituída por peces, como item alimentario principal, calamares y crustáceos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la distribución de metales pesados en diferentes clases de edad y en ambos sexos, evaluando procesos de acumulación y cargas de cadmio, mercurio total, cinc y cobre. Las concentraciones de metales pesados (en peso húmedo) fueron determinadas en dieciocho delfines por Espectrofotometría de Absorción Atómica (EAA), usando la técnica de vapor frío (mercurio) o llama de aire/acetileno (cadmio, cinc y cobre). El hígado presentó las concentraciones más altas de mercurio (máx. 8,8 mg/g), cinc (máx. 29,7 mg/g) y cobre (máx. 19,0 mg/g), mientras que las más altas de cadmio (máx. 6,7 mg/g) fueron encontradas en el riñón. Los adultos presentaron los niveles más altos, presentando los juveniles y cachorros concentraciones menores, lo cual sugirió una acumulación con la edad. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) entre sexos dentro de cada clase de edad. Las cargas de metales pesados en los órganos presentaron la misma disribución para todos los metales y clases de edad. Los valores más altos fueron encontrados en el hígado, incluyendo los correspondientes a cadmio. Las concentraciones de mercurio y cadmio fueron no detectables en el feto, mientras que las de mercurio fueron superiores a las de cadmio en los cachorros. Los datos encontrados en el feto sugieren una transferencia nula a través de la placenta. Podemos concluir que P.blainvillei acumula metales pesados en sus tejidos y debido a su distribución costera, esta especie puede ser considerada como un biomonitor de su ambiente.

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Inventories and vertical distribution of (137)Cs were determined in La Plata region undisturbed soils, Argentina. A mean inventory value of 891 ± 220 Bq/m(2) was established, which is compatible with the values expected from atmospheric weapon tests fallout. The study was complemented with pH, organic carbon fraction, texture and mineralogical soil analyses. Putting together Southern Hemisphere (137)Cs inventory data, it is possible to correlate these data with the mean annual precipitations. The large differences in (137)Cs concentration profiles were attributed to soil properties, especially the clay content and the pH values. A convection-dispersion model with irreversible retention was used to fit the activity concentration profiles. The obtained effective diffusion coefficient and effective convection velocity parameters values were in the range from 0.2 cm(2)/y to 0.4 cm(2)/y and from 0.23 cm/y to 0.43 cm/y, respectively. These data are in agreement with values reported in literature. In general, with the growth of clay content in the soil, there was an increase in the transfer rate from free to bound state. Finally, the highest transfer rate from free to bound state was obtained for soil pH value equal to 8.

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This article presents the continuities from the past -structural asymmetries and hyper-presidentialism- as well as the innovations of the new democratic Argentina. This mixture of continuity and innovation has contributed to the development of particular forms of intergovernmental relations which we call cross control mechanisms  and interference between the federal and provincial levels. This mixture also  contributes to the shining of subnational actors in national arenas and of the provincial party identities. These elements are what primarily determine the way  the democratic political game in Argentina has been structured, since the transition.

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Results of the study of Argiudolls in two localities (Zarate and Veronica) of the Pampean plain, Argentina, are presented in this contribution. This is a typical area covered by loess. The magnetic studies carried out allowed to determine the presence of detrital magnetite and titanomagnetite, as well as maghemite, pedogenic goethite and superparamagnetic particles (SP). In Veronica soils, a depletion of ferromagnetic minerals is recorded The dominant process in these soils has been the reductive loss of detrital magnetite and titanomagnetite. This is associated with a greater degree of evolution of the soil, which is determined by the concentration and type of detected clays. The higher clay concentration in these soils facilitated reducing conditions and a greater loss of detrital magnetic particles. The loss is reinforced under poor drainage conditions. In the poorly drained soil of Zarate, a concentration of magnetic particles is observed in the Bt horizon, which is associated with an illuviation process. The well drained soil of the same locality shows neoformation of SP particles. These particles would have an ephemeral life until a new wet period in the annual cycle occurs. Although some characteristics of the magnetic signal appear reinforced by the conditions of drainage, this aspect does not seem to be too significant, at least in the Pampean region with low topographic gradients.

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