Alternative service organizations: Funding environment, strategies, and patterns of adaptation

This study explored the strategies that community-based, consumer-focused advocacy, alternative service organizations (ASOs), implemented to adapt to the changes in the nonprofit funding environment (Oliver & McShane, 1979; Perlmutter, 1988a, 1994). It is not clear as to the extent to which current funding trends have influenced ASOs as little empirical research has been conducted in this area (Magnus, 2001; Marquez, 2003; Powell, 1986). ^ This study used a qualitative research design to investigate strategies implemented by these organizations to adapt to changes such as decreasing government, foundation, and corporate funding and an increasing number of nonprofit organizations. More than 20 community informants helped to identify, locate, and provide information about ASOs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 30 ASO executive directors from diverse organizations in Miami-bade and Broward Counties, in South Florida. ^ Data analysis was facilitated by the use of ATLAS.ti, version 5, a qualitative data analysis computer software program designed for grounded theory research. This process generated five major themes: Funding Environment; Internal Structure; Strategies for Survival; Sustainability; and Committing to the Cause, Mission, and Vision. ^ The results indicate that ASOs are struggling to survive financially by cutting programs, decreasing staff, and limiting service to consumers. They are also exploring ways to develop fundraising strategies; for example, increasing the number of proposals written for grants, focusing on fund development, and establishing for-profit ventures. Even organizations that state that they are currently financially stable are concerned about their financial vulnerability. There is little flexibility or cushioning to adjust to "funding jolts." The fear of losing current funding levels and being placed in a tenuous financial situation is a constant concern for these ASOs. ^ Further data collected from the self-administered Funding Checklist and demographic forms were coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive information and frequencies generated findings regarding the revenue, staff compliment, use of volunteers and fundraising consultants, and fundraising practices. The study proposes a model of funding relationships and presents implications for social work practice, and policy, along with recommendations for future research. ^

Lake metabolism and the diel oxygen technique: State of the science

Significant improvements have been made in estimating gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R), and net ecosystem production (NEP) from diel, “free-water” changes in dissolved oxygen (DO). Here we evaluate some of the assumptions and uncertainties that are still embedded in the technique and provide guidelines on how to estimate reliable metabolic rates from high-frequency sonde data. True whole-system estimates are often not obtained because measurements reflect an unknown zone of influence which varies over space and time. A minimum logging frequency of 30 min was sufficient to capture metabolism at the daily time scale. Higher sampling frequencies capture additional pattern in the DO data, primarily related to physical mixing. Causes behind the often large daily variability are discussed and evaluated for an oligotrophic and a eutrophic lake. Despite a 3-fold higher day-to-day variability in absolute GPP rates in the eutrophic lake, both lakes required at least 3 sonde days per week for GPP estimates to be within 20% of the weekly average. A sensitivity analysis evaluated uncertainties associated with DO measurements, piston velocity (k), and the assumption that daytime R equals nighttime R. In low productivity lakes, uncertainty in DO measurements and piston velocity strongly impacts R but has no effect on GPP or NEP. Lack of accounting for higher R during the day underestimates R and GPP but has no effect on NEP. We finally provide suggestions for future research to improve the technique.

Drugs In the Workplace: A Manager's Guide

Drugs in the workplace is a growing problem that threatens a valuable human resource - the employee. Managers in the hospitality industry can take a proactive stance in meeting the problem head on. The authors discuss what managers can do.

UBS RN-7: proposta arquitetônica para um padrão flexível de unidade básica de saúde para a zona bioclimática 7 do RN, com ênfase na sustentabilidade ambiental

Standardization and sustainability: these two apparently antagonistic words find the challenge of uniting in a flexible architectonic proposal. This was the idea that motivated the proposal of this assignment, whose appearing is bound up with the necessity of thinking about standardized spaces that attend on functional criterias and environmental sustainability, in reply to an existing real demand. The assignment consists of an architectonic proposal for a flexible standard of a Basic Unit of Health for the bioclimatic zone 7 of RN (UBS RN-7), with emphasis in the environmental sustainability. The project contemplates innumerable involved variables, such as: obedience to the current law of the Health Ministry for the UBSs; formal/aesthetic aspects; criterias of expansiveness of the UBS I for the UBS II; relative aspects to the constructive rationality and, mainly, sustainability aspects. With the intention to unite the variables and, also, glimpsing a proposal that could reach a good functional performance, aesthetic, of environment comfort and energetic efficiency, it was also necessary to consider concepts about the flexibility of the envelopment. The elaboration of the architecture first draft was based on bibliographical research, conceptual studies and references, elaboration of the architectonic program and the draft development for the UBS port I and the UBS port II. To the end, an implantation data sheet for the project is proposed for the UBS standard project, where strategies of thermal isolation, shadowing and thermal inertia are adopted and combined to three possible types of lot, resulting in 24 possibilities of implantation

Übergänge auf Jungenschulen: Schulwahlmotive von Eltern

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit pädagogischen Institutionen, die aufgrund ihrer Organisationsform von vornherein geschlechtlich markiert sind. Die empirische Studie über elterliche Schulwahlmotive bei Jungenschulen zeigt, dass Eltern durchaus auf unterschiedliche Begründungsmuster rekurrieren. Während für einige Eltern wichtig ist, dass die Interessen der Jungen in monoedukativen Institutionen besser berücksichtigt werden, betonen andere, dass sich die Interessenförderung von Jungen in Jungenschulen unabhängig von stereotypen Geschlechterzuschreibungen entfalten kann. Geschlechtertrennung wird von den Jungenschulen in diesem Fall als Entlastung von geschlechtsbezogenen Stereotypen präsentiert. Folglich liegt hier ein Paradox vor: Die Unterscheidung zwischen Jungen und Mädchen wird als Voraussetzung dafür angesehen, dass Schüler von geschlechtlichen Unterscheidungspraktiken entlastet werden. Die empirischen Ergebnisse der Autoren machen darüber hinaus deutlich, dass Geschlechtertrennung in Jungenschulen für Eltern keineswegs das wichtigste Kriterium bei der Schulwahl sein muss. Als ausschlaggebend für die Schulwahl werden vielmehr das Erziehungskonzept der Schule, ihre Atmosphäre sowie eine Erziehungsgemeinschaft zwischen Schule und Elternhaus genannt. Dennoch wird Geschlechtertrennung mit der Gründung von Jungenschulen, so die Autor_innen, dauerhaft institutionalisiert. Die Autor_innen problematisieren deshalb, ob mit der Dramatisierung von Geschlecht etwas zementiert wird, was eigentlich überwunden werden will. (DIPF/Orig.)

Desenvolvimento e implementação de uma abordagem CTSA do conceito de acidez no ensino da física e química

A emergência de questões tecnológicas, sociais e ambientais transformam o ensino das ciências num enorme desafio. A escassez e a contaminação da água, resultante de actividades antropogénicas, perspectiva-se hoje como um problema de futuro. Este tema, parte integrante do programa de Química do 11o Ano, inspirou uma intervenção didáctica baseada numa metodologia de resolução problemas que se pode enquadrar numa abordagem do tipo CTSA. A intervenção proposta, a partir de uma saída de campo que se concretizou na Mina de S. Domingos, teve por objectivos melhorar as aprendizagens realizadas pelos alunos e promover a mudança de atitudes face ao Ambiente e ao consumo de água em particular. Os dados recolhidos, analisados segundo métodos qualitativos e quantitativos, revelaram melhores conhecimentos e atitudes mais favoráveis relativamente à Ciência e à disciplina de Física e Química, e face ao Ambiente e ao consumo de água, reforçando a importância deste tipo de abordagens. ABSTRACT; The emergent technology, social and environmental issues are making the science teaching a huge challenge. The shortage and the contamination of water, as result of anthropogenic activities, are faced today like a future problem. This theme is part of the Chemistry subject curriculum of the eleventh grade level and it inspired a didactic intervention based upon a problem solving methodology that can be framed in a STSE approach. The goals of the proposed intervention, taking Mina de S. Domingos for a field trip, meant to improve the students' learnings and to promote a change of attitudes in relation to the environment and to the water consumption, in particular. The collected data, analyzed according to qualitative and quantitative methods, showed better knowledge and more favorable attitudes towards Science and Physics and Chemistry, as well as regarding the environment and water consumption, enhancing the importance of this kind of approach.

UBS RN-7: proposta arquitetônica para um padrão flexível de unidade básica de saúde para a zona bioclimática 7 do RN, com ênfase na sustentabilidade ambiental

Standardization and sustainability: these two apparently antagonistic words find the challenge of uniting in a flexible architectonic proposal. This was the idea that motivated the proposal of this assignment, whose appearing is bound up with the necessity of thinking about standardized spaces that attend on functional criterias and environmental sustainability, in reply to an existing real demand. The assignment consists of an architectonic proposal for a flexible standard of a Basic Unit of Health for the bioclimatic zone 7 of RN (UBS RN-7), with emphasis in the environmental sustainability. The project contemplates innumerable involved variables, such as: obedience to the current law of the Health Ministry for the UBSs; formal/aesthetic aspects; criterias of expansiveness of the UBS I for the UBS II; relative aspects to the constructive rationality and, mainly, sustainability aspects. With the intention to unite the variables and, also, glimpsing a proposal that could reach a good functional performance, aesthetic, of environment comfort and energetic efficiency, it was also necessary to consider concepts about the flexibility of the envelopment. The elaboration of the architecture first draft was based on bibliographical research, conceptual studies and references, elaboration of the architectonic program and the draft development for the UBS port I and the UBS port II. To the end, an implantation data sheet for the project is proposed for the UBS standard project, where strategies of thermal isolation, shadowing and thermal inertia are adopted and combined to three possible types of lot, resulting in 24 possibilities of implantation

Ludolphus Chartusianus In Christi seruatoris vitam, ex intimis sacrosancti Euangelij collectam visceribus, cui adiecta quoq[ue] est Ann[a]e vita summa vigiliq[ue] diligentia concinnata, no[n] tacitis castissimi coniugis Ioachim encomiis ...

Sign.: []2, A10, a-z8, A-V8, X12

Ethos and Ideology of Knowledge Organization: Toward Precepts for and Engaged Knowledge Organization Drawing on The Arts and Crafts Movement, Critical Theory, and Žižek

Ethos is the spirit that motivates ideas and practices. When we talk casually about the ethos of a town, state, or country we are describing the fundamental or at least underlying rationale for action, as we see it. Ideology is a way of looking at things.It is the set of ideas that constitute one’s goals, expectations, and actions. In this brief essay I want to create a space where we might talk about the ethos and ideology in knowledge organization from a particular point of view; combining ideas and inspiration from the Arts and Crafts movement of the early Twentieth Century, critical theory in extant knowledge organization work, the work of Slavoj Žižek, and the work of Thich Nhat Hahn on Engaged Buddhism.I will expand more below, but we can say here and now that there are many open questions about ethos and ideology in and of knowledge organization, both its practice and products. Many of them in classification, positioned as they are around identity politics of race, gender, and other marginalized groups, ask the classificationist to be mindful of the choice of terms and relationships between terms. From this work we understand that race and gender requires special consideration, which manifests as a particular concern for the form of representation inside extant schemes. Even with these advances in our understanding there are still other categories about which we must make decisions and take action. For example, there are ethical decisions about fiduciary resource allocation, political decisions about standards adoption, and even broader zeitgeist considerations like the question of Fordist conceptions (Day, 2001; Tennis 2006) of the mechanics of description and representation present in much of today’s practice.Just as taking action in a particular way is an ethical concern, so too is avoiding a lack of action. Scholars in Knowledge Organization have also looked at the absence of what we might call right action in the context of cataloguing and classification. This leads to some problems above, and hints at larger ethical concerns of watching a subtle semantic violence go on without intervention (Bowker and Star, 2001; Bade 2006).The problem is not to act or not act, but how to act or not act in an ethical way, or at least with ethical considerations. The action advocated by an ethical consideration for knowledge organization is an engaged one, and it is here where we can take a nod from contemporary ethical theory advanced by Engaged Buddhism. In this context we can see the manifestation of fourteen precepts that guide ethical action, and warn against lack of action.

Eventos agudos em saúde bucal

O módulo aborda temas relevantes para a prática odontológica na Atenção Básica, tais como as dores de origem endodôntica e de origem periodontal, bem como traumas dental e de face. Na unidade sobre dor de origem endodôntica são abordados subsídios para as práticas diagnósticas e terapêuticas no cuidado a pessoas portadoras deste tipo de dor. A unidade sobre dor de origem periodontal e de mucosa enfoca este evento comum do cotidiano do profissional dentista, ressaltando a importância de diagnosticar e promover a conduta necessária para sua prevenção e tratamento. A unidade sobre trauma dental inicia destacando que as situações de traumatismo dental são eventos agudos cada vez mais frequentes na clínica odontológica da Atenção Básica, e aponta as principais intervenções e ações preventivas, que podem ser realizadas tanto no âmbito individual quanto no coletivo. A unidade sobre trauma de face destaca a importância do treinamento de cirurgiões-dentistas para o atendimento inicial desse trauma, orienta sobre tipos de trauma de face, fraturas do complexo naso-orbitoetmoidal, do complexo zigomático-maxilar e do arco zigomático, além de abordar procedimentos terapêuticos pertinentes.

Eventos agudos em saúde mental

Na unidade Agressão e autoagressão você terá a oportunidade de estudar se que a violência, a agressão e a autoagressão são fenômenos refletidos na perspectiva de condições humanas. A patologização desses fenômenos fica evidente quando são promovidas rupturas sociais e quando determinados critérios técnicos são estabelecidos para interpretá-los. O acolhimento, o vínculo, a responsabilidade e a atuação em Rede Intersetorial são premissas para o cuidado nesta especificidade. Na unidade Alterações de comportamento é apresentado as principais alterações destacando-se os estados psicóticos agudos, a ansiedade e a depressão. Esses conceitos se originam de diferentes abordagens teóricas que determinam sua classificação. A organização Mundial da Saúde através do CID 10 é o que prevalece no campo dos diagnósticos descritivos em psiquiatria e saúde mental. O cuidado a pessoa em sofrimento psíquico grave segue a lógica da oferta das ações e serviços através da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, onde o acolhimento e o Projeto Terapêutico Singular são elementos organizadores desse cuidado. Na unidade que trata de Problemas relacionados ao uso de substâncias psicoativas é abordado os saberes e as práticas relacionados ao uso abusivo de álcool, crack e outras drogas. Assim, foram indicadas as diferentes formas e os modelos de cuidado dos pacientes usuários de substâncias psicoativas, observando-se que apesar de cada uma dessas apresentar sua especificidade, as decisões terapêuticas devem considerar a pessoa que sofre e oportunizar sua participação efetiva na construção de seu projeto terapêutico.