Mapeamento da isoterma de Curie na Bacia do Parnaíba estimada através da profundidade da base das fontes magnéticas

Located on the western edge of the Brazilian northeast, the Parnaíba Basin is an intra cratonic basin with oil production. This study aims at understanding its genesis and evolution, using aeromagnetic and gravity data. We used the spectral analysis of aeromagnetic data to map the depth to the bottom of the magnetic sources in order to assimilate this depth with the depth of the Curie isotherm, and infer the geothermal gradient. Using the spectral analysis technique, we succeeded in mapping the surface of the depth to the bottom of magnetic sources (SBFM), which marks the depth that occur magnetization. In the Parnaíba Basin the SBFM presented depths around -20,5 and -28,5 , which was consistent with an inversion of the same dataset using the technique of Magnetization Vector Inversion (MVI). Furthermore, SBFM topography correlates well with Moho depth, which was estimated from satellite gravimetric data from the GOCE mission (Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer). Assuming that SBFM coincides with the Curie isotherm of magnetite (ICM), defined as the surface at which magnetite ( ) looses its ferromagnetic properties, it was possible to estimate the geothermal gradient. The geothermal gradient in the basin showed values between 19.2 and 26.5 , allowing to estimate the heat flow for the Parnaíba basin after assuming a conductivity of 2.69 . The resulting heat flow values ranged between 51.6 and 71.3 , which is consistent with values found in other works throughout the South American continent. Lithospheric thickness using an empirical relationship, finding values between -65.8 and -89.2 . We propose that thermal structure of Parnaíba basin is influenced by a deep thermal anomaly. This anomaly has heated the lithosphere beneath the basin and has resulted in relatively thin values for the lithospheric thickness and relatively high surface heat flow values. The origin of the anomaly is not clear, but the correlation between Curie depth and Moho topography, suggests that tectonic extension processes could have played a role.

Cosmopolitan Imperialism: Mann, Sarmiento, and the Origins of Universal Education in Nineteenth-Century Boston and Buenos Aires

To reveal the theories and practices that linked education to the development within the cities of Boston and Buenos Aires, and in turn to the development of US and Argentina nationalism, “Cosmopolitan Imperialism” centers on two education reformers, Horace Mann (1776-1859) and Domingo Faustino Sarmiento (1811-1888). Mann and Sarmiento formed part of a supra-national community where liberal intellectual elites created a republic of letters, or perhaps better said, a republic of schools. As different versions of education branched out from a common Atlantic origin during the nineteenth century, Mann and Sarmiento searched for those ideas that better fit their national projects, a local project that started in the cities and moved to the interior parts of the country. In Boston and Buenos Aires, modern nationalism intertwined with imperial projects. This dissertation thus analyzes nationalism and reform in the nineteenth-century as an imperial project led by cosmopolitan intellectual elites. While we might expect to find Mann and Sarmiento’s ideas on education to be centered on their national experiences, looking to Europe for inspiration, this dissertation shows that it was quite the opposite. Educational ideas developed within an interconnected network and traveled within the North-South axis connecting Boston with Buenos Aires. This framework moves the focus from the interchange of ideas between America and Europe and places it within the American continent. At the same time, it allows us to consider Latin American and the US as both creators and recipients of educational ideas. There is a traditional way of talking about nationalism and reform in the nineteenth-century, especially in terms of education and educational policies. It is common to imagine that in the US, and even more certainly in Latin America, educated elites looked to the so-called West for inspiration. The argument is that they ended up adapting foreign models to their local and internal contexts. This dissertation challenges that idea and shows that different versions of education developed from a shared Atlantic milieu in which reformers in certain cities saw themselves as part of the same cosmopolitan empires.

Annotated record of the detailed examination of Mn deposits from DSDP Hole 2-8

The Atlantic Advisory Panel proposed that Site 8 should be drilled on the rise between the Hatteras and Sohm Abyssal Plains (lat 35° 2l'N., long 67° 3l'W.) This location was considered to offer the best opportunity for realizing two primary objectives. The first of these objectives was to sample and date the oldest available rock in a region adjacent to the North American continent and as far as possible from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The second objective relates to the potential paleobiological and paleoecological information that could be derived from the sedimentary column in this general area.

VIOLA MUSIC FROM THE AMERICAS: MUSIC FROM CANADA, UNITED STATES, CUBA, VENEZUELA, MEXICO, AND BRAZIL

The enthusiasm towards writing music for the viola that flourished in the early 1900’s thanks to the efforts of a number of twentieth-century violists and composers rapidly spilled over to North and South America. Viola works by American and Canadian composers have already become cornerstones of the viola repertoire worldwide. On the other hand, compositions from other parts of the American continent remain lesser known outside of their country of origin. This is due in part to the less developed publishing and recording industry in these countries which makes it difficult for performers and programmers from other countries to buy or rent performing materials. As a violist born and trained in Venezuela, performing works by important Latin American composers to new audiences is deeply important to me. This dissertation was completed by performing selected works by Canadian, American, Cuban, Mexican, Brazilian, and Venezuelan composers. Composers from these countries have mixed their rich musical traditions with modern compositional techniques, creating original works that have greatly enriched the viola repertoire. This eclectic mixture of styles makes the music from Latin American composers not only very different from that of American and Canadian composers, but also very different from those of their neighboring countries. Through my three dissertation recitals, I intend to share this music with new audiences and inspire other violists to become familiar with this repertoire. The first recital includes compositions by American composers George Rochberg (1918-2015), Elliott Carter (1908-2012), and Alan Shulman (1915-2002) and Canadian composer Elizabeth Raum (b. 1945). The second recital includes works by Cuban composers Cesar Orozco (b. 1980), and Keyla Orozco (b. 1969), Venezuelan composers Aldemaro Romero (1928-2007) and Modesta Bor (1926-1998), and Venezuelan-Uruguayan composer Efrain Oscher (b. 1974). The third recital includes works by Mexican composers Carlos Chavez (1899-1978), José Pablo Moncayo (1912-1958) and Manuel M Ponce (1882-1948), and Brazilian composers Francisco Mignone (1897-1986) and Brenno Blauth (1931-1993). This music represents a bouquet of a distinctive mixture of styles from different parts of the American continent. Recordings of all three recitals can be accessed at the University of Maryland Hornabake Library.

Estudo clínico-laboratorial e histopatológico de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania chagasi com diferentes graus de manifestação física

Canine Visceral Leishmania (CVL) is an important zoonotic disease that has a world wide distribution and has a large impact on public health on the American Continent, especially in Brazil, where the nature of endemic diseases in humans affects a large part of the nation. The influence of the prevalence of CVL in the increased rate of human cases in endemic areas and in the unleashing of epidemic outbreaks shows the need for a more profound understanding, that would generate significant advances in the current measures used to control the reservoirs of sickness that are practiced by the Programa Nacional de Vigilância e Controle da Leishmaniose Visceral. The present work describes and compares the clinical-laboratorial and histopathological findings of twenty-three dogs that were naturally infected by Leishmania chagasi, from endemic areas in metropolitan Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. These animals, that were selected and given physical and serological exams (IFI and ELISA rK-39), were classified according to the degree of clinical severity and had blood samples drawn (whole blood and serum) for a complete hemogram and a coagulogram to be done as well as biochemical tests for kidney and liver function. The confirmation of infection by L. chagasi was done after the euthanasia of the animals, through the direct demonstration of the parasite in the impression of the spleen and liver crowned with GIEMSA and through a cultivation by means of NNN/Schneider. According to the clinical evaluation, the animals were classified as asymptomatic (7), oligosymptomatic (7) and polysymptomatic (9). Among the animals that were chosen to be autopsied, there were 2 asymptomatic, 3 oligosymptomatic and 3 polysymptomatic, for the purpose of studying their histopathology, having collected fragments of the spleen, liver, kidneys and skin and were fixed in 10% tamponed formol. The comparison between the average parameters of the clinical-laboratory tested animals in the groups was done through the Student t test (a<0.05). The main clinical signals observed were lymphadenomegaly, alopecy, dermatitis, exfoliation, cutaneous ulcers, onicogriphosis and emaciation. The main clinical-laboratorial alterations established, mainly in the polysymptomatic group, were anemia, hyperproteinemia, hyperglobulinemia, alterations in the albumin/globulin ratio and increased ALT activity. Renal alterations were not verified (urea and creatinine levels were normal). Thrombocytopenia was observed in three clinical groups. However, the other indicators of coagulation function (TAP and TTPA) did not have abnormal variations. There were inflammatory infiltrations and leishmania amastigotes in the skin of polysymptomatic dogs, however, they were not found in the skin of asymptomatic animals. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the phagocyte mononuclear system, leishmania amastigote parasites were found in the macrophages, extramedullary hematopoiesis and degenerative alterations were detected in the spleen and liver of 8 of the animals submitted to histopathological exams. In accord with these results, it was demonstrated that the expected alterations in the hematological and biochemical parameters in function of their viscerotropic nature of CVL are mainly observed in the more advanced stages of the disease. The absence of inflammatory infiltration and parasite load in the skin suggest that infected animals without symptoms may have an importance irrelevant to the infectiousness of the vector

Aplicação de microssatélites na crioconservação da diversidade genética do cavalo lusitano

O género Equus teve origem na América do Norte e alguns exemplares migraram para a Eurásia pelo Estreito de Bering, durante a última glaciação. No fim da glaciação, todos os cavalos do continente americano extinguiram-se, mas sobreviveram nas estepes da Eurásia, na Peninsula lbérica e nas florestas da Europa Ocidental e Central. O cavalo Lusitano teve a sua origem em cavalos selvagens e domesticados da Peninsula lbérica, ocorrendo uma mistura com outros animais trazidos por eventos migratórios ocorridos no passado. Os cavalos deste gene pool contribuiram para o desenvolvimento de outras raças modernas na Europa e foram mais tarde introduzidos e dispersos pelo continente Americano, tornando-se fundadores de numerosas raças do novo mundo. A raça Lusitana é uma raça equina autóctone portuguesa, com especial relevancia económica no panorama nacional e internacional. Apesar de não ser uma raça ameaçada, alguns autores defendem que a informação genealógica disponivel (pedigrees) indica que uma utilização excessiva de um reduzido número de reprodutores machos esta a diminuir a diversidade genética da raça, tendo como consequência o aumento da consanguinidade e a diminuição do tamanho efetivo da população para cerca de metade dos valores recomendados pela FAO. No entanto, a anàlise da diversidade genética com base em 16 microssatélites (Marcadores de DNA) a um grupo de 2699 machos da raça Lusitana, nascidos entre 1985 e 2010 e inscritos como reprodutores no Livro Genealógico da raça, revelou um elevado nível de diversidade, idêntico ao encontrado na maioria das raças equinas. Dada a crescente relevância da Crioconservação, omo estratégia complementar para a conservação da diversidade genética in situ, e tendo em conta que não existe criopreservação de oocitos, embriões ou sémen, do cavalo de raça Lusitana em Banco de Genes, selecionaram-se 62 machos reprodutores (garanhões) com interesse genético para a criopreservação de sémen, quer no sentido de preservar a diversidade da raça quer no da salvaguardar em caso de calamidade; ABSTRACT: The genus Equus originated in North America and some exemplary migrated to Eurasia through the Bering Strait during the last glaciation. By the end of the last glaciation, all horses on the American continent became extinct but the genus survived in the steppes of Eurasia, in the Iberian Peninsula and on the Central and West Europe forests. The Lusitano horse breed has its origins in wild and domesticated horses of the Iberian Peninsula, where a mixture with other animals brought by migratory events in the past occurred. The horses of this gene pool contributed to the development of other modern breeds in Europe and were later introduced and spread throughout the American continent, becoming founders of numerous breeds of the New World. The Lusitano horse breed, is a Portuguese native equine breed, with special economic relevance in the national and international scene. Although not being an endangered breed, some authors argue that the available genealogical information (pedigrees) indicates that an excessive use of a limited number of stallions is decreasing the genetic diversity of the breed, resulting in the increase of inbreeding and on the decrease of the effective population size to about half of the values recommended by FAO. However, the analysis of genetic diversity based on 16 microsatellites (DNA markers) in a group of 2699 males of the Lusitano horse breed, born between 1985 and 2010 and registered as Stallions in the Studbook, revealed a high level of diversity similar to that found in the majority of equine breeds. Given the growing relevance of Cryopreservation as a complementary strategy for the conservation of genetic diversity in situ and, taking into consideration the inexistence of criopreservation for oocytes, embryos and semen, in a Gene Bank, for the Lusitano horse breed, 62 breeding males (stallions) with genetic interest for semen cryopreservation were selected in order either to preserve the diversity of the breed or as safeguard in case of calamity.

Políticas de geração distribuída e sustentabilidade do sistema elétrico

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 2015.

Étude descriptive du paratexte des traductions en espagnol et en anglais de la «Relation historique» (1814) d’Alexandre von Humboldt

Alexandre von Humboldt (1769-1859), dernier savant universel, membre de l’Académie des sciences française et président de la Société de géographie de Paris, est reconnu dans le monde scientifique pour son exploration du continent américain qu’il a amplement décrit dans ses écrits en français et en allemand. Dans ce travail, nous étudions les traductions en espagnol et en anglais de l’ouvrage le plus notoire d’Alexandre von Humboldt, Relation historique du Voyage aux régions équinoxiales du Nouveau Continent, (1799-1804). Dans une optique descriptive (Toury, 1995), nous menons une étude socio-culturelle (Lépinette, 1997) des traductions en espagnol et en anglais de la Relation historique. La méthodologie employée est celle développée par D’hulst (2001 et 2014). Dans cette méthode, il propose de répondre, entre autres, aux questions pourquoi, quand, qui, où, quoi traduit-on. Pour ce faire, nous nous penchons sur les paratextes (Genette, 1987) qui accompagnent tant l’original que les traductions. Notre étude a révélé qu’aucune des traductions en espagnol intègrent complètement le contenu de l’original et que les parties sélectionnées l’ont été pour des questions identitaires.

Étude descriptive du paratexte des traductions en espagnol et en anglais de la «Relation historique» (1814) d’Alexandre von Humboldt

Alexandre von Humboldt (1769-1859), dernier savant universel, membre de l’Académie des sciences française et président de la Société de géographie de Paris, est reconnu dans le monde scientifique pour son exploration du continent américain qu’il a amplement décrit dans ses écrits en français et en allemand. Dans ce travail, nous étudions les traductions en espagnol et en anglais de l’ouvrage le plus notoire d’Alexandre von Humboldt, Relation historique du Voyage aux régions équinoxiales du Nouveau Continent, (1799-1804). Dans une optique descriptive (Toury, 1995), nous menons une étude socio-culturelle (Lépinette, 1997) des traductions en espagnol et en anglais de la Relation historique. La méthodologie employée est celle développée par D’hulst (2001 et 2014). Dans cette méthode, il propose de répondre, entre autres, aux questions pourquoi, quand, qui, où, quoi traduit-on. Pour ce faire, nous nous penchons sur les paratextes (Genette, 1987) qui accompagnent tant l’original que les traductions. Notre étude a révélé qu’aucune des traductions en espagnol intègrent complètement le contenu de l’original et que les parties sélectionnées l’ont été pour des questions identitaires.

La influencia del Blues en la configuración y creación de The Black Panther Party en Estados Unidos (1966)

El trabajo a continuación tiene como objetivo mostrar cómo la música ha estado ligada al afroamericano desde su llegada al continente Americano en 1800, y cómo ha sido usada para lograr una transformación político-social que permitiría alcanzar la igualdad de trato en Estados Unidos durante la mitad del siglo XX. Se observará la evolución del Blues desde sus raíces y la introducción del R&B como expresión de pensamiento, ideas y experiencias utilizado por The Black Panther Party en la escena social negra de la época. Para lograr el objetivo anteriormente mencionado, se utilizará la Teoría de Campos de Pierre Bourdieu, junto con los conceptos de Capital y Habitus.

Prevalencia del desorden músculo-esquelético asociado a la actividad docente en instituciones distritales de la localidad de Usme, Bogotá, D.C.

ANTECEDENTES: Los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos DME son una de las alteraciones más frecuentes y una de las principales causas de ausentismo laboral en el continente americano, y Unión Europea, generando graves repercusiones económicas a nivel empresarial, de la salud pública, y del empleado. Esto es debido a una sobrecarga laboral causada por los trabajos repetitivos, posturas mantenidas, y requerimientos de fuerza muscular, por lo que se hace importante identificarlos a través de distintos métodos ergonómicos con el objeto de generar programas de prevención que permitan la mitigación de los mismos. OBJETIVO: Determinar los síntomas músculo-esqueléticos y su relación con las condiciones de trabajo de los docentes de instituciones educativas distritales de la localidad de Usme, Bogotá, D. C. MATERIALES Y METODOS: Estudio de corte transversal, efectuado en 192 docentes que se evaluaran con el cuestionario Nórdico estandarizado de síntomas musculo esqueléticos y preguntas sociodemográficas de la encuesta de condiciones de trabajo y salud (ECTS) para caracterizar la población estudio. Para el análisis estadístico se realizó distribución de frecuencias y medidas de tendencia central y dispersión. La evaluación de las posibles asociaciones se realizó mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson, con intervalos de confianza del 95%, la prevalencia fue ajustada por género con los intervalos de confianza. RESULTADOS: El 57,8% de los participantes era de sexo femenino, el 41,7% tenían edades entre los 30 y 39 años de edad, el 82,8% de los encuestados manejaban grupos de estudiantes que oscilan entre los 20 a 60 estudiantes, del total de los encuestados el 42,7% (IC95%: 35.9-49.5) presentan un DME ya diagnosticado por un médico o servicio de salud. El 77,1% respondieron afirmativamente a la presencia de esta variable con un IC95%: de 70,3-82,8. En cuanto a la localización del dolor, se observó que la región del cuello con el 51.6% (IC 44.3-58.9) y región lumbar con el 49% (IC95%: 42.2-56.3) fueron las dos regiones anatómicas valoradas con mayor presencia de dolor. Se encontró asociación entre la edad y el dolor (chi-cuadrado: 6,858), el sexo y dolor (chi-cuadrado: 0.250) y el número de estudiantes con el dolor (chi-cuadrado: 2,179) CONCLUSIONES: los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio confirman la relación existente entre la presencia de desórdenes músculo-esqueléticos (DME) y la actividad docente, pero se hace pertinente la realización de más estudios que permitan valorar los DME con el riesgo psicosocial, jornada laboral y tipo de asignatura que imparten los docentes en sus cátedras para este tipo de población.

Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and Lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology...and Field ornithology. The 5th ed. (entirely rev.) exhibiting the nomenclature of the American ornithologists' union...

Mode of access: Internet.

Concise history of the American people, from the discoveries of the continent to the present time.

First issued in 1860, under title: History of the United States of America.

The life of George Washington, commander in chief of the American forces during the war which established the independence of his country, and first President of the United States. Compiled under the inspection of the Hon. Bushrod Washington from original papers ... to which is prefixed, an introduction containing a compendious view of the colonies planted by the English on the continent of North America.

Mode of access: Internet.