Caracterização de remanescentes de aglomerados abertos na galáxia

o presente trabalho busca ampliar o conhecimento das relações entre aglomerados abertos de estrelas e seus remanescentes. Do ponto de vista observacional, um remanescente pode ser definido como uma concentração pouco povoada de estrelas resultante da evolução dinâmica de um sistema inicialmente mais massivo. Apesar do avanços no conhecimento teórico a respeito desses objetos e, nos últimos anos, da busca pela identificação observacional dos mesmos ter aumep.tado, muitas questões permanecem em aberto. Assim, no presente estudo serão analisados 23 candidatos a remanescentes através de dados fotométricos, espectroscópicos e de movimentos próprios. Esses dados fornecem informações sobre os objetos e seus campos. Por meio destas, buscam-se estabelecer critérios de definição de remanescentes de aglomerados abertos, levando-se em conta incertezas observacionais. Os dados fotométricos no infravermelho oriundos do catálogo The Two Micron Ali sky Survey possibilitam, nesse estudo, (i) estudar as propriedades estruturais dos objetos por meio dos perfis de densidade radial de estrelas; (ii) testar a semelhanças entre objetos e campos através de um método estatístico de comparação entre distribuições de estrelas no plano do diagrama cor-magnitude e, (iii) obter idades, avermelhamentos e distâncias com o uso de diagramas cor-magnitude, além de distinguir os objetos em função de um índice de ajuste de isócronas. Os dados espectroscópicos obtidos através de observações óticas no Complejo Astronómico EI Leoncito (Argentina) fornecem para 12 objetos da amostra informações adicionais de avermelhamentos e idades. Os dados cinemáticos extraídos do The Second U. S. Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog permitem, por sua vez, uma comparação objetiva entre a distribuição de movimentos próprios dos objetos e campos próximos de grande ângulo sólido O emprego desses métodos complementares se mostra essencial no estudo em função da carência de dados completos para os candidatos a remanescentes. No que diz respeito à amostra, em geral não é possível afirmar individualmente qual objeto caracteriza-se de forma definitiva como um remanescente de aglomerado aberto devido à incompleteza dos dados, às incertezas observacionais e à baixa estatística. Entretanto, os métodos desenvolvidos permitem uma análise objetiva e sugerem a presença de remanescentes de aglomerados abertos na amostra. Além disso, há evidência da presença de binarismo, o que é esperado para sistemas evoluídos dinamicamente. Portanto, pode-se inferir sobre estágios evolutivos para remanescentes a partir das distribuições de movimento próprio de suas estrelas e de seu mapeamento no diagrama cor-magnitude.

Identificação das condições gerais de conservação dos reservatórios integrantes do sistema de abastecimento de água de Natal

Infrastructure works are included in strategic areas for the social development. For that matter that all of the investments are very important for the social development. When the population has enough water and an acceptable quality, and it includes a wastewater gathering and its treatment, the whole society became less susceptible to the water diseases. Even the Water Supply and the Sewage depend for its perfect operation of reservoirs, or of the accumulation of water to provide the popular necessity, either due to retention or for the treatment wastewarer. These structures present very specific environmental conditions, because the microclimate created around them, like high environmental humidity and for the existence of many harmful substances for the concrete, such as chloride ions presents in water. The reservoir that compose the System of Water Supply of Natal were built between 1970s and 1980s, a period whom the technical and scientific community did not have in-depth studies about the reinforced concrete mechanism of deterioration. Therefore, these reservoirs have been suffered accelerated deterioration progress, and they have been shown many pathological manifestations strikingly visible. In front of all these problems this academic work aims to identify the generally conditions of conservation of all the reservoirs components of the Water Supply System of Natal. This academic work objectives to develop a recuperation plan for use in these reservoirs, in this academic work it was achieved all the survey of pathological manifestation existing in each reservoir. It was made with local visits, photographic recorders of all manifestations viii and realization of in loco tests. The other step consisted in a application of GDE/UnB metodolgy reformulated by Fonseca (2007). In the step of local visits in each reservoir it was evaluated carbonation depth, by spreading a phenolphthalein solution with 1% of concentration; evaluation of contamination of chlorides, by spreading silver nitrate solution with 1% of concentration, and evaluation of width cracks. After the conclusion of all the testings, it was established that all reservoir, studied in this academic work, have showed an advanced deteriorating condition. It´s presents prevalent pathological manifestations as unacceptable cracks, spots, efflorescence and reinforcement corrosion, and in some cases, chlorides contamination. After the conclusion of the testings and its concatenation it was able to implementing, using GDE/UnB methodology, the order of the restoration its service life and initial safety conditions

Observational Characterization of the Downward Atmospheric Longwave Radiation at the Surface in the City of São Paulo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

The stable archipelago in the region of the Pallas and Hansa dynamical families

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos de tempestades magnéticas em sinais de gps, em Natal, Brasil

Satellites signals present disturbances (scintillations), due to presence of irregularities in the ionospheric plasma. In the present work, we dedicate to the study of the attenuation of these scintillations that is, an improvement in the signal, during the main magnetic storm phase during the period of October 2006 to February 2007. Using amplitude of scintillation 1.5GHz (L1) data of the net of satellites GPS, in the ionospheric station of Natal (5.84o S, 35.20o O, -20o dip) and geomagnetic indices, during the minimum solar cycle (referred to as cycle 23), demonstrating its anti-correlation between magnetic activity (Kp) and index of scintillation () (Bonelli2005 method, that works for solar maximum, Bonelli(2005)). These results show that these storms correspond to category I of Aarons (1991). The magnetic storms can generate irregularities when the electric feld of penetration eastward on the pre-reversal hour intensificating that and can too generate irregularities on midnight and sunlight period. The limitation of the method applied here is that it is not considering some storms that had also occurred during equinox and summer in the Brazilian region. For this reason, we will use additional data of the stations of São João de Cariri (Imager and Photometer) and of the station at Fortaleza (Digissonde data), as aid to analyze these storms. The storms that had been left out by the applied method, fit in the other two categories of Aarons, with one only exception (storm of January, 02). We show that in the day of the main phase of the magnetic storm, and with presence of bubbles (according to data of the Imager and Photometer), the speed of vertical drift ~E ~B (hF=t) is below 20m/s, that is the threshold found for Anderson al., (2004) (>20m/s as condition favorable to the formation of irregularities and increase in the scintillation index). This reduction of the speed is due to solar minimum

Cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure constraints on a simple quintessential inflation model

We derive constraints on a simple quintessential inflation model, based on a spontaneously broken Phi(4) theory, imposed by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe three-year data (WMAP3) and by galaxy clustering results from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We find that the scale of symmetry breaking must be larger than about 3 Planck masses in order for inflation to generate acceptable values of the scalar spectral index and of the tensor-to-scalar ratio. We also show that the resulting quintessence equation of state can evolve rapidly at recent times and hence can potentially be distinguished from a simple cosmological constant in this parameter regime.

Diversidade de pulgões e de seus parasitóides e predadores na cultura da alfafa

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a diversidade de pulgões, seus predadores e parasitóides, e a influência de fatores climáticos nas suas populações. Foram realizadas coletas semanais no período de abril/1995 a março/1996, no campo de alfafa da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), em Lavras, MG. As espécies de pulgões coletadas foram Therioaphis trifolii (Monel) f. maculata, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), A. kondoi Shinji e Aphis craccivora Kock, presentes na cultura durante todo o período de estudo, com picos populacionais em novembro/1995, julho/1995, dezembro/1995 e abril/1996, respectivamente. Foram amostrados insetos predadores das famílias Coccinellidae, Syrphidae, Anthocoridae, Geocoridae e Chrysopidae, tendo as duas últimas ocorrência esporádica. Espécies da família Coccinellidae ocorreram durante todo o período amostral, apresentando o pico populacional no final de dezembro/1995, com precipitação de 20 mm e temperatura de 22,6ºC. A família Syrphidae alcançou maiores números em abril, à precipitação de 53 mm e temperatura de 21ºC. A família Anthocoridae não se manteve por todo o período amostral, porém um pico populacional ocorreu no final de dezembro nas mesmas condições que aquele apresentado pela família Coccinellidae. Os parasitóides da família Aphididae alcançaram pico em junho/1995, à temperatura de 16ºC.

Avaliação e intervenção de bebês em instituição de acolhimento infantil

O presente estudo aborda a avaliação e intervenção com bebês em uma instituição de acolhimento infantil na cidade de Belém-Pa, através da aplicação da Escala de Desenvolvimento do Comportamento da Criança – EDCC e de um programa de atividades elaborado pela pesquisadora para a estimulação precoce/essencial das habilidades motoras, cognitivas, linguagem e afetivas. Dados referentes à história pregressa de todas as crianças envolvidas no estudo também foram considerados e obtidos por meio de relatos informais da equipe da instituição de acolhimento e através de documentos (prontuários) junto à direção. Participaram do estudo quatro bebês, com idade entre seis a onze meses, que não apresentavam disfunções neurológicas e com o maior tempo de permanência na instituição. A abordagem metodológica utilizada foi qualitativa, com característica descritiva e interventiva de pesquisa. A avaliação com a utilização da EDCC no período pré-intervenção demonstrou que todos os bebês participantes da pesquisa obtiveram a pontuação “4” referente a classificação “bom” da escala, sendo que inicialmente apresentaram dificuldades na realização de comportamentos que envolvem a linguagem e a interação social. Na reavaliação, a maioria dos bebês participantes manteve a pontuação “4” com apenas um evoluindo para “5” (excelente), visto que obtiveram melhora significativa nos comportamentos que exigiam a interação com outra pessoa. Assim como através do programa de estimulação, as crianças evoluíram na aquisição das habilidades motoras e afetivo-sociais. Os bebês passaram a demonstrar comportamentos como olhar nos olhos, sorrisos, reconhecimento do rosto do adulto, vocalizações, entre outros. Isto evidenciou que o contexto de acolhimento pode ser um fator de proteção para a infância que encontra-se em situação de vulnerabilidade. Por fim, propõe-se que estudos futuros possam reconhecer a importância da avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil em contextos institucionais e de propostas de estimulação que possam ser incorporadas no cotidiano desses ambientes.

A multidomain approach to asteroid families' identification

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dynamical evolution and chronology of the Hygiea asteroid family

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Search for Gravitational Waves Associated with gamma-ray Bursts Detected by the Interplanetary Network

We present the results of a search for gravitational waves associated with 223 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by the InterPlanetary Network (IPN) in 2005-2010 during LIGO's fifth and sixth science runs and Virgo's first, second, and third science runs. The IPN satellites provide accurate times of the bursts and sky localizations that vary significantly from degree scale to hundreds of square degrees. We search for both a well-modeled binary coalescence signal, the favored progenitor model for short GRBs, and for generic, unmodeled gravitational wave bursts. Both searches use the event time and sky localization to improve the gravitational wave search sensitivity as compared to corresponding all-time, all-sky searches. We find no evidence of a gravitational wave signal associated with any of the IPN GRBs in the sample, nor do we find evidence for a population of weak gravitational wave signals associated with the GRBs. For all IPN-detected GRBs, for which a sufficient duration of quality gravitational wave data are available, we place lower bounds on the distance to the source in accordance with an optimistic assumption of gravitational wave emission energy of 10(-2)M(circle dot)c(2) at 150 Hz, and find a median of 13 Mpc. For the 27 short-hard GRBs we place 90% confidence exclusion distances to two source models: a binary neutron star coalescence, with a median distance of 12 Mpc, or the coalescence of a neutron star and black hole, with a median distance of 22 Mpc. Finally, we combine this search with previously published results to provide a population statement for GRB searches in first-generation LIGO and Virgo gravitational wave detectors and a resulting examination of prospects for the advanced gravitational wave detectors.

Large-scale analysis of the SDSS-III DR8 photometric luminous galaxies angular correlation function

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for gravitational radiation from intermediate mass black hole binaries in data from the second LIGO-Virgo joint science run

This paper reports on an unmodeled, all-sky search for gravitational waves from merging intermediate mass black hole binaries (IMBHB). The search was performed on data from the second joint science run of the LIGO and Virgo detectors (July 2009-October 2010) and was sensitive to IMBHBs with a range up to similar to 200 Mpc, averaged over the possible sky positions and inclinations of the binaries with respect to the line of sight. No significant candidate was found. Upper limits on the coalescence-rate density of nonspinning IMBHBs with total masses between 100 and 450 M-circle dot and mass ratios between 0.25 and 1 were placed by combining this analysis with an analogous search performed on data from the first LIGO-Virgo joint science run (November 2005-October 2007). The most stringent limit was set for systems consisting of two 88 M-circle dot black holes and is equal to 0.12 Mpc(-3) Myr(-1) at the 90% confidence level. This paper also presents the first estimate, for the case of an unmodeled analysis, of the impact on the search range of IMBHB spin configurations: the visible volume for IMBHBs with nonspinning components is roughly doubled for a population of IMBHBs with spins aligned with the binary's orbital angular momentum and uniformly distributed in the dimensionless spin parameter up to 0.8, whereas an analogous population with antialigned spins decreases the visible volume by similar to 20%.

Análise da acessibilidade dos idosos no transporte coletivo urbano de Rio Claro - SP

This paper analyzes the accessibility of the elderly population in relation to urban transportation in the city of Rio Claro - SP. After a study of the physiology, infrastructure, history and legislation of the city, there were collected and analyzed data obtained through semi-structured interviews with the elderly population that makes use of public transport with the aim of identifying the user's profile as well as their impressions and criticism of the service. The Department of Transport and Urban Mobility of Rio Claro provided general information related to public transport in the city. After all the survey, it can be seen that, although a significant portion of the elderly population make use of public transport, there are problems related to the structure of the city, which hinders the movement of buses, and the accessibility of the elderly, caused by physical characteristics of the vehicles, attitude of the motorists and aspects of public administration of the town. These data support the conclusion that there is often a disregard for the rights of the elderly and that it not only should as it can be corrected

Constraining H-0 in general dark energy models from Sunyaev-Zeldovich/X-ray technique and complementary probes

In accelerating dark energy models, the estimates of the Hubble constant, Ho, from Sunyaev-Zerdovich effect (SZE) and X-ray surface brightness of galaxy clusters may depend on the matter content (Omega(M)), the curvature (Omega(K)) and the equation of state parameter GO. In this article, by using a sample of 25 angular diameter distances of galaxy clusters described by the elliptical beta model obtained through the SZE/X-ray technique, we constrain Ho in the framework of a general ACDM model (arbitrary curvature) and a flat XCDM model with a constant equation of state parameter omega = p(x)/rho(x). In order to avoid the use of priors in the cosmological parameters, we apply a joint analysis involving the baryon acoustic oscillations (BA()) and the (MB Shift Parameter signature. By taking into account the statistical and systematic errors of the SZE/X-ray technique we obtain for nonflat ACDM model H-0 = 74(-4.0)(+5.0) km s(-1) Mpc(-1) (1 sigma) whereas for a fiat universe with constant equation of state parameter we find H-0 = 72(-4.0)(+5.5) km s(-1) Mpc(-1)(1 sigma). By assuming that galaxy clusters are described by a spherical beta model these results change to H-0 = 6(-7.0)(+8.0) and H-0 = 59(-6.0)(+9.0) km s(-1) Mpc(-1)(1 sigma), respectively. The results from elliptical description are in good agreement with independent studies from the Hubble Space Telescope key project and recent estimates based on the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, thereby suggesting that the combination of these three independent phenomena provides an interesting method to constrain the Bubble constant. As an extra bonus, the adoption of the elliptical description is revealed to be a quite realistic assumption. Finally, by comparing these results with a recent determination for a, flat ACDM model using only the SZE/X-ray technique and BAO, we see that the geometry has a very weak influence on H-0 estimates for this combination of data.