Ioannis Malderi ... Meditationes theologicae : vniversae theologiae summam complectentes tribus partibus distinctae et in XXXI dies distributae.

Mode of access: Internet.

The United States catalog; books in print January 1, 1912. Entries under author, subject, and title, in one alphabet, with particulars of binding, price, date, and publisher.

"Number 3095."

Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.

"Index of current electrical literature," Dec. 1887- appended to v. 5-

Many Facet, Common Latent Trait Polytomous IRT Model and EM Algorithm

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 91E45.

State subsidy and moral hazard in corporate financing

This paper investigates the impact of state subsidy on the behavior of the entrepreneur under asymmetric information. Several authors formulated concerns about state intervention as it can aggravate moral hazard in corporate financing. In the seminal paper of Holmström and Tirole (1997) a two-player moral hazard model is presented with an entrepreneur initiating a risky scalable project and a private investor (e.g. bank or venture capitalist) providing outside financing. The novelty of our research is that this basic moral hazard model is extended to the case of positive externalities and to three players by introducing the state subsidizing the project. It is shown that in the optimum, state subsidy does not harm, but improves the incentives of the entrepreneur to make efforts for the success of the project; hence in effect state intervention reduces moral hazard. Consequently, state subsidy increases social welfare which is defined as the sum of private and public net benefits. Also, the exact form of the state subsidy (ex-ante/ex-post, conditional/unconditional, refundable/nonrefundable) is irrelevant in respect of the optimal size and the total welfare effect of the project. Moreover, in case of nonrefundable subsidies state does not crowd out private investors; but on the contrary, by providing additional capital it boosts private financing. In case of refundable subsidies some crowding effects may occur depending on the subsidy form and the parameters.

Oceanographic investiations from the Sea of Ochotsk

The Sea of Okhotsk is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean, which is characterized by strong variations in the productivity and sediment supply due to sea ice transport and river input. Furthermore the variations in the hydrological cycle determine the formation of the SOIW (Sea of Okhotsk Intermediate Water) which plays an important role in the ventilation processes in the intermediate water of the N-Pacific. Isotope data measured on planktonic and benthic foraminifera, sedimentological and geochemical studies of sediment cores and surface samples from the Sea of Okhotsk are used to reconstruct the paleoceanography during the past 350.000 years. The dating and correlation of the sediments are based on oxygen isotope stratigraphy, absolute ages, magnetic susceptibility as well as a detailled tephrachronology of the entire basin. The sedimentation rates are characterized by temporal and spatial variations. The maximum sedimentation rate takes place at the continental slope off Sakhalin due to the input of the Amur River, the sea ice drift and the high productivity. The sedimentation rate in the eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk is generelly high because of the influence of the nutrient-rich Kamchatka Current. In the central and northern parts of the Sea of Okhotsk, areas with low productivity and reduced terrestrial supply, the sedimentation rate is the lowest. The analyses of the surface sediment samples make it possible to characterize the (sub)- recent sediment supply and transportation processes. The bulk sediment measurements, isotope data and the accumulation rate of ice-rafted debris (IRD) show a dominant sea ice cover and a region with a high productivity as well as a high Amur River input in the western part of the sea. The eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, however, is marked by the predominance of warm and nutrient-rich water masses coming from the Kamchatka Current which restricts the sea ice cover. This is reflected in low content of ice-rafted debris and high productivity proxies as well as in isotope data. The deposits of the Sea of Okhotsk are characterized by terrestrial, biogenic and volcanogenic sediment input which varies temporally and spatially. Here, the sedimentation pattern is dominated by the terrestrial input. Bulk sediment measurements and sample analyses of the > 63 micron particle input make it possible to distinguish glacial and interglacial fluctuations. The sedimentation processes during glacial times are determined by a high content of ice-rafted debris, whereas the primary production is higher during interglacial periods. During the last glacial/interglacial cycle the IRD-distribution pattern indicates a strong sea ice transport in the western part and in large areas of the open sea in the eastern part of the Sea of Okhotsk with a relatively constant ice-drift system. The IRD flux in sediments of the oxygen isotope Stage 6 reflects a new sedimentation pattern in the eastern part of the sea. This high IRD accumulation rate indicates ice advances beyond the shelf margin and an iceberg transport from NE-E direction into the Sea of Okhotsk. The several large, brief, negative anomalies in d13C values of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (s) show releases of methane from basin sediments which correspond to periods of relative sea level falls. The high sedimentation rates on the Sakhalin slope allow insights into the climatic history in Holocene and indicate shorter-scale variations oscillation in Stage 3, which correlate with the global climatic changes. These variations are described as Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles in Greenland ice cores and as Heinrich-Events in several marine sediment cores from the N-Atlantic.

Diatom abundance in surface sediments of the northern North Pacific

In order to map the modern distribution of diatoms and to establish a reliable reference data set for paleoenvironmental reconstruction in the northern North Pacific, a new data set including the relative abundance of diatom species preserved in a total of 422 surface sediments was generated, which covers a broad range of environmental variables characteristic of the subarctic North Pacific, the Sea of Okhotsk and the Bering Sea between 30° and 70°N. The biogeographic distribution patterns as well as the preferences in sea surface temperature of 38 diatom species and species groups are documented. A Q-mode factor analysis yields a three-factor model representing assemblages associated with the Arctic, Subarctic and Subtropical water mass, indicating a close relationship between the diatom composition and the sea surface temperatures. The relative abundance pattern of 38 diatom species and species groups was statistically compared with nine environmental variables, i.e. the summer sea surface temperature and salinity, annual surface nutrient concentration (nitrate, phosphate, silicate), summer and winter mixed layer depth and summer and winter sea ice concentrations. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) indicates 32 species and species groups have strong correspondence with the pattern of summer sea surface temperature. In addition, the total diatom flux data compiled from ten sediment traps reveal that the seasonal signals preserved in the surface sediments are mostly from spring through autumn. This close relationship between diatom composition and the summer sea surface temperature will be useful in deriving a transfer function in the subarctic North Pacific for the quantitative paleoceanographic and paleoenvironmental studies. The relative abundance of the sea-ice indicator diatoms Fragilariopsis cylindrus and F. oceanica of >20% in the diatom composition is used to represent the winter sea ice edge in the Bering Sea. The northern boundary of the distribution of F. doliolus in the open ocean is suggested to be an indicator of the Subarctic Front, while the abundance of Chaetoceros resting spores may indicate iron input from nearby continents and shelves and induced productivity events in the study area.

Renovação da certificação do referencial BRC, aplicação do código de ética laboral ETI – Ethical Trading Initiative e do referencial específico da Walmart na central fruteira O Melro.OP

A crescente preocupação com a segurança alimentar por parte das empresas do setor, assim como a segurança e o bem estar dos trabalhadores cresce com o alargamento do mercado de exportação e importação de produtos. As exigências de muitos retalhistas e grossistas europeus reforçam a necessidade de implementação de referenciais específicos. Este trabalho tem por base a atualização da norma British Retail Consortium (BRC) para a sétima versão, implementação do referencial Ethical Trading Initiative (ETI) e Walmart na central fruteira O Melro.OP. Todos os referenciais foram analisados, de forma a compreender as melhores metodologias para o cumprimento dos requisitos exigidos, tendo sido consultada a legislação aplicável relevante aos vários setores, recursos humanos, ética, segurança e higiene no trabalho e ambiente. Procedeu-se à elaboração das check lists para cada referencial e a uma auditoria prévia com o objetivo de avaliar a situação atual da empresa. Elaboraram-se relatórios e planos de ação indicando as alterações a ter em conta para a implementação e atualização dos referenciais e toda a documentação associada. Posteriormente foi feita uma auditoria interna de modo a confirmar que o plano de ação da auditoria prévia foi aplicado, tendo-se elaborado o relatório da auditoria e novos planos de ação para futura melhoria e obtenção das respetivas certificações. Com a implementação destas certificações para os referenciais BRC, ETI e Walmart a empresa pode obter uma maior visibilidade no mercado, aumentado assim o seu leque de clientes.

Functional management of ankle sprains: what volume and intensity of walking is undertaken in the first week

BACKGROUND:
Acute ankle sprains are usually managed functionally, with advice to undertake progressive weight-bearing and walking. Mechanical loading is an important modular of tissue repair; therefore, the clinical effectiveness of walking after ankle sprain may be dose dependent. The intensity, magnitude and duration of load associated with current functional treatments for ankle sprain are unclear.
AIM:
To describe physical activity (PA) in the first week after ankle sprain and to compare results with a healthy control group.
METHODS:
Participants (16-65 years) with an acute ankle sprain were randomised into two groups (standard or exercise). Both groups were advised to apply ice and compression, and walk within the limits of pain. The exercise group undertook additional therapeutic exercises. PA was measured using an activPAL accelerometer, worn for 7 days after injury. Comparisons were made with a non-injured control group.
RESULTS:
The standard group were significantly less active (1.2 ± 0.4 h activity/day; 5621 ± 2294 steps/day) than the exercise (1.7 ± 0 .7 h/day, p=0.04; 7886 ± 3075 steps/day, p=0.03) and non-injured control groups (1.7 ± 0.4 h/day, p=0.02; 8844 ± 2185 steps/day, p=0.002). Also, compared with the non-injured control group, the standard and exercise groups spent less time in moderate (38.3 ± 12.7 min/day vs 14.5 ± 11.4 min/day, p=0.001 and 22.5 ± 15.9 min/day, p=0.003) and high-intensity activity (4.1 ± 6.9 min/day vs 0.1 ± 0.1 min/day, p=0.001 and 0.62 ± 1.0 min/day p=0.005).
CONCLUSION:
PA patterns are reduced in the first week after ankle sprain, which is partly ameliorated with addition of therapeutic exercises. This study represents the first step towards developing evidence-based walking prescription after acute ankle sprain.

Regelgestützte und interaktive Formatvorlagenzuweisung für XML-basierte Dokumentformate unter Verwendung von XProc, XSLT und JavaScript

[s.c.]

Propuesta de gestión a través del análisis de los imaginarios sociales en política, para mantener la votación de la senadora Sofía Gaviria Correa

La presente monografía, le brinda un aporte teórico desde el estudio de las ciencias sociales y administrativas, al ejercicio publicitario y político, que tiene como fin último crear respuestas y propuestas para el buen ejercicio de la Senadora Sofía Gaviria Correa en función de su curul y lograr mantener la votación en las próximas elecciones parlamentarias. Para responder a esta pregunta, con el marco teórico se buscó analizar qué son los imaginarios sociales, qué motiva al ser humano a actuar de una u otra manera, cuáles son sus necesidades y cómo ha sido definido el marketing político y electoral por diferentes actores. El esquema metodológico utilizado de corte cualitativo, luego del análisis de la información recibida de las fuentes consultadas y de las entrevistas, ha permitido concluir que los imaginarios sociales son determinantes en la forma como los votantes eligen sus representantes, así mismo estos son utilizados por los asesores en la comunicación publicitaria para realizar propagando política posicionando a los candidatos de una manera adecuada satisfaciendo las necesidades del electorado. A partir de lo anterior, se establece que para lograr una gestión efectiva en el Senado de la República se hace necesario velar por el bienestar de los ciudadanos con proyectos para mejorar la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos, que encierra seguridad, empleo, educación y salud. Se recomienda que la Senadora Sofía Gaviria priorice su gestión logrando cautivar el voto de opinión a través de proyectos de ley que impacten el bienestar social de sus electores.

Attitudes of Future Tourism Sector Employees Towards Organise Accessible Tourism

The aim of this paper is to show a theoretical approach to the evolution of concepts perceiving disability, taking into account the medical, social, and geographical models, as the basis for the development of principles concerning the organisation of accessible tourism for people with disabilities (PwD). The main research objective was to identify the current attitudes of future, potential employees in the tourism (tourism and recreation students at the time of the study) towards accessible tourism. The study was based on surveys performed in May 2013 at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM, Poland) and the State University in Irkutsk (ИГУ, Russia), a total sample of 216 people. The main section of the survey contained four questions regarding issues such as: optimal ways to organise tourism products for people with a disability; attitudes towards spending leisure time together with people with a disability; and specific requirements concerning the introduction of various types of improvements in tourism products aimed at people with a disability. In both cases, the results revealed that future tourism employees hold attitudes which are prevailingly open and positive towards the needs of tourists with disabilities. However, the hypothesis that the main factor influencing a reluctance to enter into contact with PwD is a lack of experience in this area, resulting in insufficient knowledge of what conditions the behaviour of PwD was also confirmed. This is a highly significant conclusion which should consider if mandatory educational programmes in the field of tourism and recreation studies are to be improved.

A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS CULTURAS PRÓPRIAS PARA OS POVOS INDÍGENAS ARARA E GAVIÃO DE RONDÔNIA

Este trabalho apresenta parte da pesquisa desenvolvida no Programa de Mestrado em Geografia da Universidade Federal de Rondônia, em 2008. Analisou a importância que os povos Arara e Gavião de Rondônia, dispensam à preservação de suas culturas próprias, suas relações com o ambiente, a busca pela autonomia e reconhecimento enquanto sociedade etnicamente diferenciada. A metodologia utilizada foi a história oral, fundamentada em Meihy (2005). Analisou-se as histórias de vida de quatro professores de cada etnia, e duas de suas lideranças tradicionais. Ao tempo em que demonstravam desejo de terem seus modos de vida preservados, os entrevistados deixavam clara a necessidade de acessarem e dominarem técnicas e saberes da sociedade envolvente como condição para estabelecer uma relação mais igualitária entre si. Os entrevistados são militantes da questão indígena e buscam reconhecimento como sociedades etnicamente diferenciadas. A pesquisa considerou as entrevistas a partir das categorias de análises discutidas no referencial teórico-metodológico, priorizando as questões que se apresentaram como preocupantes aos narradores, procurando entender, neste universo, como a Escola contribui para uma vivência tranquila dos povos em território próprio. Este trabalho apresenta somente analises referentes à seguridade das culturas próprias das etnias envolvidas.

LAS ERUPCIONES DEL VOLCAN ARENAL, COSTA RICA

En este articulo hemos considerado el Volcán Arenal, como un ejemplo típico en America Central del vulcanismo explosivo basalticoandesitico. Presentamos en la primera parte una teoría general de los procesos que se encuentran  en el volcanismo explosivo, distinguiendo en primer lugar los productos de las erupciones, y en segundo lugar la combinación de los hechos eruptivos con las leyes de la mecánica de los fluidos. Esta combinación es muy eficiente para explicar las estructuras físicas de las erupciones y al mismo tiempo revela una gran complejidad de los problemas geofísicos, geoquímicos y fluido-mecánicos, que se son el fundamento del volcanismo. En la segunda parte parte enfocamos la actividad del Arenal en el contexto de la tectónica regional, haciendo al mismo tiempo un análisis detallado de la evolución de los cráteres y migración de la actividad. La estructura y dinámica de las varias unidades de flujo que constituyen el campo lávico  fueron explicadas de acuerdo a los principios aplicables a los fluidos no newtonianos andesitico y, en particular, de este volcán.