冷季型草坪草的耐热性调控研究进展

在非生物胁迫中,高温是影响草坪植物特别是对冷季型草坪草生长和发育最重要的生态因子之一.高温胁迫会导致冷季型草坪草生长受到抑制、草坪质量下降、草坪植株体内的生理生化代谢紊乱,细胞内产生大量氧自由基,使膜脂过氧化,植株体内蛋白质变性,最后导致细胞死亡.因此,如何提高冷季型草坪草的耐热性是目前冷季型草坪在热带、亚热带地区建植能否安全越夏的重要问题.文中综述了国内外冷季型草坪草耐热性调控的研究进展,在阐明冷季型草坪草耐热性调控原理的基础上,报道了用于草坪草耐热性鉴定的形态、生态、生理和生化等指标,以及通过降低土壤温度、叶面喷施生长调节剂、施肥、灌溉和修剪等养护管理措施来提高冷季型草坪草的耐热性研究进展.

不同氮磷施肥量对玉米生育期土壤微生物量的影响

通过田间小区试验研究了不同N、P施肥量对玉米生育期土壤微生物量C、N、P的影响。结果表明,不同N、P施肥量对微生物量C无明显影响;施N肥量高(225km/hm~2)时降低微生物量N;当施P肥达225 km/hm~2时则对微生物量P产生明显的抑制作用。

湖北省近500年区域干湿序列重建及其比较分析

在历史旱涝记载资料可靠性检验的基础上,重建了湖北省3个区域近500年来的干湿气候变化序列,并比较分析了各区域干湿气候变化的趋势特征、准周期性及跃变现象。结果表明:在3个区域中,鄂东区1570~1770、1890~1950年两个时段偏湿,1470~1520、1790~1830年则偏干;鄂北区偏湿时期主要在1470~1530、1710~1750、1850~1910年三个时段,1470~1530、1770~1830年则偏干;鄂西南区有1550~1610、1650~1710、1830~1890、1930~1990

Controllable synthesis of metal hydroxide and oxide nanostructures by ionic liquids assisted electrochemical corrosion method

Cu(OH)(2) nanowires have been synthesized by anodic oxidation of copper through a simple electrolysis process employing ionic liquid as an electrolyte. Controlling the electrochemical conditions can qualitatively modulate the lengths, amounts, and shapes of Cu(OH)(2) nanostructures. A rational mechanism based on coordination self-assembly and oriented attachment is proposed for the selective formation of the polycrystalline Cu(OH)(2) nanowires. In addition, the FeOOH nanoribbons, Ni(OH)(2) nanosheets, and ZnO nanospheres were also synthesized by this route, indicative of the universality of the electrochemical route presented herein. The morphologies and structures of the synthesized nanostructures have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric (TG). (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

Short-capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection using porous etched joint for fast analysis of lidocaine and ofloxacin

Fast analysis of ofloxacin and lidocaine, as bactericide and analgesic or anesthetics, is of clinic importance for understanding the patient's medical process. This paper presented a high throughput, simple analysis method of lidocaine and ofloxacin by capillary electrophoresis coupled with electrochemiluminescence (ECL) using porous etched joint. To shorten the analysis time and to improve the analytical performance, a capillary with 10 cm in length was used as the separation channel. The cyclic voltammograms of Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) with different capillary length at same field strength showed that the porous etched joint eliminated the effect of electrophoretic current on the ECL detection. Following micro total analysis systems (muTAS), some advantages of which this approach has, the fabrication of channel in chip was not needed. Compared with capillary electrophoresis with 40-cm-long capillary, the high sample throughput and low zone broadening may be the main advantage of the present system. Under optimal condition, the detection limits of lidocaine and ofloxacin based on peak height were 3.0 x 10(-8) and 5.0 x 10(-7) mot L-1 and a 60 h(-1) of sampling frequency was obtained.

Applications of generalized torsion angles in studies on quantitative structure-activity relationship

In this article, generalized torsion angles of derivatives of 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methy1]-6(phenylthio)thymine(HEPT) were calculated, which include abundant three dimensional information of molecules. Molecular similarity matrix was built based on the calculated generalized torsion angles. These similarities were taken as the new variables, and the new variables were selected by using Leaps-and-Bounds regression analysis. Multiple regression analysis and neural networks were performed, and the satisfactory results were achieved by using the neural networks.

广义二面角在定量结构/活性相关分析中的应用

化合物的结构与其活性具有相关性 .建立相关性需要由结构提取特征 ,并运用这些特征作为自变量去构造数学模型 ,以便预测未知的化合物及其活性 .目前 ,在诸多 3D- QSAR方法中 ,应用最为广泛的是 Co MFA( Comparasive Molecular Field Analysis)方法 [1～ 3] ,但新近的研究发现 ,Co MFA方法对于某类化合物 (如苯胺类化合物 )适应性较差 ,但分子在三维空间投影面积及量化参数的引入可大大改善所得结果[4 ] .本文从另一角度 (即广义二面角 )研究了分子在三维空间的形状 ,得到了满意的结果 .1　实验部分本文选用 34个 1 - [( 2 - Hydroxyethoxy) methyl]- 6- ( phenylthio) thymine( HEPT)类化合物 [5] ,通式见Scheme 1　 HEPT derivative substituted HEPTScheme 1 .表 1中分别列出了 34个分子对应的 R,X,Y基团 .该类化合物是具有较高生物活性的抗艾滋病药物 ,其活性以 EC50 表示 ( EC50 为降低 5 0 %T4细胞而被 HIV...

开环聚合扩展了热塑性树脂的加工和应用

随着航空和空间技术的发展,对高强度、耐高温、耐冲击的高分子及其复合材料的要求越来越高而且日益迫切。发展高性能的聚酰亚胺,聚芳醚,聚碳酸酯,聚芳酯是解决这一问题的最有希望的途径之一。然而这一类高性能树脂极高的熔融粘度给加工及其复合材料的制备带来了极大的甚至无法克服的困难。突破传统的观念,先将合成高性能树脂的单体制备成低分子量的环状低聚物,再经过开环聚合制备这一类树脂证明是一条有效的途径。开环聚合同样可以用来制备聚酰亚胺,聚芳醚,聚碳酸酯类高性能树脂及其复合材料。虽然目前这项技术还

新的稀土锂钒酸盐[Y_(0.5-x)Li_(1.5)VO_4:(Dy~(3+),Eu~(3+))_x]多波段发光

本文首次报道了新的稀土锂钒酸盐Y_(0.5-x)Li_(1.5)VO_4:(Dy~(3+),Eu~(3+))_x多晶粉末的制备,多波段发光和结构. 样品的制备是采用稀土氧化物(Y_2O_3Dy_2O_3和Eu_2O_3)纯度为99.99％与光谱纯的V_2O_5和Li_2CO_3按化学计量比混匀,在

EVALUATION OF THE RELIABILITY OF KALMAN FILTERING RESULTS IN INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY

This paper deals with the evaluation of the reliability of the analytical results obtained by Kalman filtering. Two criteria for evaluation were compared: one is based on the autocorrelation analysis of the innovation sequence, the so-called NAC criterion; the other is the innovations number, which actually is the autocorrelation coefficient of the innovation sequence at the initial wavelength. Both criteria allow compensation for the wavelength positioning errors in spectral scans, but there exists a difference in the way they work. The NAC criterion can provide information about the reliability of an individual result, which is very useful for the indication of unmodelled emissions, while the innovations number should be incorporated with the normalization of the innovations or seek the help of the sequence itself for the same purpose. The major limitation of the NAC criterion is that it does not allow the theoretical modelling of continuous backgrounds, which, however, is convenient in practical analysis and can be taken with the innovations number criterion.

6-MBOA对植食性小哺乳类繁殖作用的研究进展

本文主要综述了6-MBOA 对植食性小哺乳类繁殖的作用及其信息传递的研究进展。植物组织的6-MBOA 是触发植食性小哺乳类繁殖投入时间, 调节个体繁殖性能的特定化学信号。野外和实验室的研究揭示, 植食性小哺乳类的繁殖能对植物衍生的6-MBOA 作出正的反应。在亲代母体和子代间存在6-MBOA 信息传递, 摄入6-MBOA 的母体, 能在妊娠期和哺乳期将其信息传递给子代, 子代的繁殖对母体传递的6-MBOA 信息亦能作出相应的生理反应, 其繁殖投入的时间和反应强度均依赖于母体所接受的6-MBOA , 且可超越短光照周期对子代繁殖的抑制。在变动剧烈的不可预测环境中, 兼性机会主义繁殖者, 以获得的6-MBOA 信息调整其繁殖投入。

Long-term grazing alters species composition and biomass of a shrub meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Livestock grazing has long been the most widespread land use on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, one of the world's highest ecosystems. However, there has been increasing concern during recent decades because of the rapid increase in livestock numbers. To assess the possible influences of grazing on the vast grassland, a long-term grazing experiment in a shrub meadow on the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was carried out. The experiment included five treatments with different stocking rates and one non-grazing (N) treatment. After 17 years of grazing, treatment differences were clear. The species composition differed markedly between grazing intensities, with a decrease in palatable grass species and an increase in unpalatable forbs at higher grazing intensities. The species richness and species diversity, however, were not significantly different between treatments. Vegetation height decreased significantly at higher grazing intensities. Total above,ground biomass declined considerably and the biomass of forbs increased significantly under the higher grazing intensities. The amount of litter was significantly lower under the higher grazing intensities. The results suggest that long-term grazing alters the species composition, vegetation height and biomass production of the alpine grassland ecosystem without significantly changing species richness.

网络联盟企业中的设计伙伴选择方法

如何选择网络联盟企业的成员是组建网络联盟企业的关键。采用层次分析法建立了选择设计伙伴的数学模型，并在Ｍａｔｌａｂ环境下开发了一个设计伙伴选择系统。