Níveis de fertirrigação na avaliação das características morfofisiológicas em mudas de pimenta malagueta

O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar as características morfofisiológicas de mudas de pimenta malagueta (Capsicum frutescens) sob diferentes níveis de fertirrigação, utilizando-se fertilizante líquido 10-10-10 (N-P-K). O experimento foi realizado na Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados (DBC), com seis doses de fertilizante líquido (0; 2,5; 5,0; 10,0; 20,0 e 40 mL L-1) diluídos na água de irrigação e quatro repetições. As mudas foram produzidas em viveiro telado, em bandejas de 128 células preenchidas com substrato. Realizou-se uma fertirrigação, aos 15 dias após a semeadura ( DAS). Avaliou-se, aos 30 dias após a semeadura, o número de folhas, o comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz, a massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e da raiz, a área foliar e o teor de clorofila. A dose de 25 mL L-1 do fertilizante líquido 10-10-10, aplicada via fertirrigação, é recomendada para a produção de mudas de pimenta malagueta, embora tenha havido aumento da massa seca de raízes e parte aérea em dose maior.

Morfofisiologia da cunhã cultivada sob estresse salino

The experiment was developed based on the importance of the nutritional factor cunhã for large and small, animals and on the growth of this forage in typical soils of the semiarid region, generally with salinity from natural or anthropogenic action. The experiment was performed in vessels with a capacity of 5kg prepared in a protected environment with full sunshine in the Department of Technology and Social Sciences (DTCS) of UNEB Campus III in Juazeiro - BA. It evaluated the effect of seven different salt concentrations on increasing levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 dS/m), at room temperature. The analysis of culture were taken every seven days observing the number of leaves, stem diameter, plant, plant length and total chlorophyll content at 13; 20; 27; 34 and 40 days after the start of irrigation with saline. The contents of proline, the ratio aero part/Root (AP/Rt), the root length and water content were evaluated in the 40 th day after the onset of treatment. The results showed that the elevation of ECw affected all variables.

produção de mudas de maracujazeiro amarelo submetidas à salinidade em solo com biofertilizante bovino

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse from May 1 to July 31, 2008, in Areia county, Paraiba State, PB, Brazil, in order to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity on initial growth of the passionfruit seedlings in non-saline substrate with and without bovine biofertilizer. The treatments were distributed in a completely randomized design, with three replications and twelve plants per plots, in a factorial arrangement 5 × 2 × 2, corresponding the former to the levels of salinity in the irrigation water: 0.5; 1.0; 2.0; 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1, in soils with and without bovine biofertilizer applied at two moments (25 and 65 days after seedling emergence). The growth of the seedlings and the soil electrical conductivity were evaluated at the end of the experiment. The biofertilizer was diluted in a low saline water at a 1:1 ratio and was applied once two days before sowing, corresponding to 10% of the substrates volume. The increase in water salinity inhibited the growth in height of plants, leaf area and root length, but always to a lesser extent in the treatments with bovine biofertilizer. The increase in electrical conductivity of the irrigation water elevated the soil salinity, independently of the addition of biofertilizer.

Propagação in vitro de Cattleya trianaei (Linden & Reichenbach fil.) (Orchidaceae) em meios de culturas e com doses de fertilizante comercial

The use of culture media produced with commercial fertilizers can represent a simple and low cost alternative for commercial orchid propagation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro growth of plantlets of Cattleya trianaei in culture medium MS reduced and and formulated with Peters® NPK 10-30-20 in different doses. 90 day-old plantlets with two leaflets were submitted to five treatments (T1 - reduced MS; T2 - Peters® 1 g L -1; T3 - Peters® 2 g L-1; T4 - Peters® 3 g L -1 and T5 - Peters® 5 g L-1) arranged in a completely randomized design with five replicates with 25 plantlets for each treatment and incubated during 180 days, with subcultures at each 60 days, when the number of roots, root length, number of leaves, shoot length and shoot fresh matter were evaluated. The simplified culture medium with fertilizer Peters® 3 g L -1 presented results statistically different as for the number of roots, number of leaves, shoot length and shoot fresh matter and it can be recommended for in vitro growth of this ornamental orchid.

Pulp fruit added to culture medium for in vitro orchid development

As an additive in in vitro culture media, fruits have a great potential for facilitating economical orchid production because of lower technology requirements and the ease of obtaining raw materials to formulate culture media. We studied the in vitro growth of Cattleya bicolor Lindl. grown in a simplified culture medium supplemented with different kinds of fruit pulp. The experimental design was completely randomised, with eight seedlings per replication and ten replications per treatment, for a total of 80 seedlings per treatment. The culture medium was made using 150 g L -1 of pulp (without peel or seed) from the following fruits: ripe Santa Cruz tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.), dwarf bananas (Musa cavendishii L.) of intermediate ripeness, light green chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw), ripe papaya (Carica papaya L.) or green coconut (Cocos nucifera L.).The treatment control was MS 50 %. The treatments and the control were kept in a growth chamber for seven months before evaluating seedling survival percentage, shoot height, number of leaves, rooting percentage, root number, root length and dry masses of shoot and roots. The highest percentages of seedling survival were obtained using MS 50 %, banana and coconut medium. The seedling survival and rooting percentages illustrate that it is possible to emphasise the culture medium MS 50% and the culture medium supplemented with coconut on the most traditional culture medium with banana or tomato pulp. For the in vitro development of Cattleya bicolor Lindl., a simplified culture medium supplemented with coconut pulp is the most suitable for use as an alternative to MS 50%. A simplified culture medium supplemented with papaya pulp is not recommended for the in vitro development of Cattleya bicolor Lindl.

Tolerance of physic nut plants to aluminum activity in nutrient solution

Plants have different levels of tolerance to phytotoxic effects of aluminum and the exploitation of this characteristic is of significant importance to the use of acid soils. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of aluminum activity in nutrient solution on growth of physic nut young plant. After seven days of adaptation, plants were submitted to Al concentrations of 0; 200; 400; 600; 800 and 1,000 μmol L-1, corresponding to Al3+ activity solution, of: 14.5, 21.4; 46.6; 75.6; 108.3 e 144.8 μmol L-1, respectively. The increased activity of Al3+ decreased linearly the number of leaves, plant height, leaf area, shoot dry matter and root length of physic nut plant. Physic nut young plants are sensitive to high aluminum activity in solution. The root length, number of leaves, shoot dry matter and total dry matter were variables more affected by Al activity in solution, and can be used to discriminate the tolerance levels to aluminum in physic nut plants. The accumulation of aluminum increased in a activity-dependent manner; however, its translocation from root to shoot was low.

Phytotoxicity of organic extracts of Turnera ulmifolia L. and Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult. in cucumber seeds

We evaluated the phytotoxic effects that the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from leaves and branches of the species Turnera ulmifolia L. and Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult. (Turneraceae), at concentrations of 1.25, 2.50, 3.75 and 5.00 mg ml-1, have on seed germination and seedling development in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). None of the extracts tested prevented germination, although the ethyl acetate extracts of T. diffusa, at 3.75 and 5.00 mg ml-1, reduced the mean germination speed and time to germination. Hexane extracts of both species reduced the main root length, number of secondary roots and hypocotyl length. In the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, the number of secondary roots and hypocotyl length varied by species and concentration. Ethyl acetate extracts of T. ulmifolia at ≤ 2.50 mg ml-1stimulated growth of the main root and hypocotyl, as did T. ulmifolia methanol extracts at 1.25 and 3.75 mg ml-1; all other extract/concentration combinations had an inhibitory effect on those parameters. The hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of T. diffusa inhibited the formation of secondary roots and of the main root, although significant inhibition of hypocotyl growth was observed only at ≥ 2.50 mg ml-1. Comparatively, T. diffusa extracts inhibited development to a greater degree, thus presenting greater allelopathic potential, than did T. ulmifolia extracts.

Growth of euterpe oleracea seedlings under different color nets and light conditions

Euterpe oleracea, a native palm to the Amazon, has recognized trading importance because of its fruits and heart of palm. However, it still requires general information on its propagation and cultivation. As light is essential for plant growth, this work aimed to study the effect of different color nets and light conditions on the initial growth of E. oleracea, with the objective to obtain high quality seedlings. The experiment was conducted in Jaboticabal County, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental design was entirely randomized, with six treatments (six light conditions: red net with 50% of shading - red Chromatinet®; blue net with 50% of shading - blue Chromatinet®; black nets with 70, 50 or 30% of shading; and full sun) and six replications (six evaluation periods: 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days after the beginning of the experiment). Each plot consisted of four pots with one plant per pot, resulting in 144 plants. Seedling growth was monthly evaluated by collecting four plants per replication until the end of the experiment. Shoot length, root length, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area and root and shoot dry matter were evaluated. The best quality seedlings of E. oleracea were obtained when they were cultivated under the black net with 50% of shading.

Morfo-anatomia de raízes tuberosas de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivar IAC 576-70 em diferentes preparos do solo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comportamento de milho (Zea Mays L.) e propriedades físicas do solo, no sistema plantio direto, em resposta a aplicação de fertilizante organomineral

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do sistema radicular da soja sob sistemas de manejo do solo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Comportamento de variedades de soja em condições de solo compactado e níveis de irrigação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito da inoculação de fungos na atividade enzimática de solos e germinação de sementes de milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Análise morfológica da superfície dos cones de guta-percha submetidos à desinfecção com hipoclirito de sódio a 1% e a 2,5% e sua influência no selamento marginal da obturação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desenvolvimento do sistema radicular do milheto (Pennisetum americanum L.) em duas classes de solo em densidade e diferentes profundidades da camada compactada

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)