Measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in the four-lepton channel in pp collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The final ATLAS Run 1 measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in the decay channel H→ZZ∗→ℓ+ℓ−ℓ′+ℓ′−, where ℓ,ℓ′=e or μ, are presented. These measurements were performed using pp collision data corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.5 fb−1 and 20.3 fb−1 at center-of-mass energies of 7 TeV and 8 TeV, respectively, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The H→ZZ∗→4ℓ signal is observed with a significance of 8.1 standard deviations at 125.36 GeV, the combined ATLAS measurement of the Higgs boson mass from the H→γγ and H→ZZ∗→4ℓ channels. The production rate relative to the Standard Model expectation, the signal strength, is measured in four different production categories in the H→ZZ∗→4ℓ channel. The measured signal strength, at this mass, and with all categories combined, is 1.44 +0.40−0.33. The signal strength for Higgs boson production in gluon fusion or in association with tt¯ or bb¯ pairs is found to be 1.7 +0.5−0.4, while the signal strength for vector-boson fusion combined with WH/ZH associated production is found to be 0.3 +1.6−0.9.

Measurements of the nuclear modification factor for jets in Pb+Pb collisions at sNN =2.76TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of inclusive jet production are performed in pp and Pb+Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 4.0 pb−1 and 0.14 nb−1 , respectively. The jets are identified with the anti-kt algorithm with R=0.4, and the spectra are measured over the kinematic range of jet transverse momentum 32

Determination of the magnetostrictive response of nanoparticles via magnetoelectric measurements

It is successfully demonstrated that nanoparticle’s magnetostriction can be accurately determined based on the magnetoelectric effect measured on polymeric-composite materials. This represents a novel, simple and versatile method for the determination of particle’s magnetostriction at their nano-sized and dispersed state, which is, up to date, a difficult and imprecise task.

Simultaneous measurements of the tt¯, W+W−, and Z/γ∗→ττ production cross-sections in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Simultaneous measurements of the tt¯, W+W−, and Z/γ∗→ττ production cross-sections using an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb−1 of pp collisions at s√=7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC are presented. Events are selected with two high transverse momentum leptons consisting of an oppositely charged electron and muon pair. The three processes are separated using the distributions of the missing transverse momentum of events with zero and greater than zero jet multiplicities. Measurements of the fiducial cross-section are presented along with results that quantify for the first time the underlying correlations in the predicted and measured cross-sections due to proton parton distribution functions. These results indicate that the correlated NLO predictions for tt¯ and Z/γ∗→ττ significantly underestimate the data, while those at NNLO generally describe the data well. The full cross-sections are measured to be σ(tt¯)=181.2±2.8+9.7−9.5±3.3±3.3 pb, σ(W+W−)=53.3±2.7+7.3−8.0±1.0±0.5 pb, and σ(Z/γ∗→ττ)=1174±24+72−87±21±9 pb, where the cited uncertainties are due to statistics, systematic effects, luminosity and the LHC beam energy measurement, respectively.

Measurements of the Total and Differential Higgs Boson Production Cross Sections Combining the H→γγ and H→ZZ∗→4ℓ Decay Channels at s√=8 TeV with the ATLAS Detector

Measurements of the total and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production are performed using 20.3 fb−1 of pp collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of s√=8 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Cross sections are obtained from measured H→γγ and H→ZZ∗→4ℓ event yields, which are combined accounting for detector efficiencies, fiducial acceptances and branching fractions. Differential cross sections are reported as a function of Higgs boson transverse momentum, Higgs boson rapidity, number of jets in the event, and transverse momentum of the leading jet. The total production cross section is determined to be σpp→H=33.0±5.3(stat)±1.6(sys)pb. The measurements are compared to state-of-the-art predictions.

Measurements of the W production cross sections in association with jets with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents cross sections for the production of a W boson in association with jets, measured in proton--proton collisions at s√=7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. With an integrated luminosity of 4.6fb−1, this data set allows for an exploration of a large kinematic range, including jet production up to a transverse momentum of 1 TeV and multiplicities up to seven associated jets. The production cross sections for W bosons are measured in both the electron and muon decay channels. Differential cross sections for many observables are also presented including measurements of the jet observables such as the rapidities and the transverse momenta as well as measurements of event observables such as the scalar sums of the transverse momenta of the jets. The measurements are compared to numerous QCD predictions including next-to-leading-order perturbative calculations, resummation calculations and Monte Carlo generators.

Observation and measurements of the production of prompt and non-prompt J/ψ mesons in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at s√ = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The production of a Z boson in association with a J/ψ meson in proton--proton collisions probes the production mechanisms of quarkonium and heavy flavour in association with vector bosons, and allows studies of multiple parton scattering. Using 20.3fb−1 of data collected with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, in pp collisions at s√=8 TeV, the first measurement of associated Z+J/ψ production is presented for both prompt and non-prompt J/ψ production, with both signatures having a significance in excess of 5σ. The inclusive production cross-sections for Z boson production (in μ+μ− or e+e− decay modes) in association with prompt and non-prompt J/ψ(→μ+μ−) are measured relative to the inclusive production rate of Z bosons in the same fiducial volume to be (88±16±6)×10−8 and (157±22±10)×10−8 respectively. Normalised differential production cross-sections are also determined as a function of the J/ψ transverse momentum. The fraction of signal events arising from single and double parton scattering is estimated, and a lower limit of 5.3 (3.7)mb at 68 (95) confidence level is placed on the effective cross-section regulating double parton interactions.

Measurements of the top quark branching ratios into channels with leptons and quarks with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the inclusive cross section for top quark pair production in pp collisions using events with an isolated lepton (muon or electron) and a τ lepton decaying to hadrons (τhad) is reported. Measurements of the branching ratios of top quark decays into leptons and jets using events with tt¯ (top antitop) pairs are also reported. Events were recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The collected data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb−1. The inclusive cross section measured using events with an isolated lepton and a τhad is σtt¯=183±9(stat.)±23(syst.)±3(lumi.)pb. The measured top quark branching ratios agree with the Standard Model predictions within the measurement uncertainties of a few percent.

A modular traffic sampling architecture for flexible network measurements

Dissertação de Mestrado (Programa Doutoral em Informática)

Normal values of echocardiographic measurements. A population-based study

OBJECTIVE: To describe echocardiographic measurements and left ventricular mass in a population sample of healthy adults inhabitants of the urban region of Porto Alegre. METHODS: An analytical, observational, population-based, cross-sectional study was done. Through a multi-stage probability sample, 114 individuals were selected to be submitted to a M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiogram with color Doppler. The analyses were restricted to healthy participants. Echocardiographic measurements were described by mean, standard deviation, 95 percentile and 95% confidence limits. RESULTS: A total of 100 healthy participants, with several characteristics similar to those from the original population, had a complete and reliable echocardiographic examination. The measurements of aorta, left atrium, interventricular septum, left ventricle in systole and diastole, left posterior wall and left ventricular mass, adjusted or not for body surface area or height, were significantly higher in males. The right ventricle size was similar among the genders. Several echocardiographic measurements were within standard normal limits. Interventricular septum, left posterior wall and left ventricular mass, adjusted or not for anthropometric measurements, and aortic dimensions had lower mean and range than the reference limits. CONCLUSION: The means and estimates of distribution for the measurements of interventricular septum, left posterior wall and left ventricular mass found in this survey were lower than those indicated by the international literature and accepted as normal limits.

Mineralización de sales de amonio cuaternario sintéticas

Mediante el abordaje experimental microbiológico, bioquímico y molecular, se pretende conocer la vía catabólica involucrada en la degradación de compuestos de amonio cuaternario sintéticos y lograr la selección de microorganismos eficientes en la mineralización de estos compuestos. A partir de muestras de agua (piletas de decontaminación, desagües industriales), se seleccionarán e identificarán los microorganismos capaces de utilizar estos compuestos como fuente de carbono y nitrógeno. A través del análisis de los metabolitos intermedios, se tendrá una aproximación de la vía metabólica implicada en el proceso. La misma se confirmará por experimentos respirométricos y ensayos enzimáticos. Se pretende establecer cuál es la relación entre el metabolismo de estas sales sintéticas y el de otros compuestos de amonio cuaternario naturales, tales como colina, betaína y carnitina. Se determinará si cepas de colección que metabolizan colina y carnitina son capaces de adaptarse y utilizar las sales sintéticas y cual es la relación entre los caminos metabólicos. Se obtendrán mutantes de las cepas eficientes en la mineralización con fenotipos característicos relacionados con los puntos anteriores. Ello permitirá la proyección para estudios posteriores de identificación, clonado y secuenciación de genes relacionados al proceso.

APOPTOSIS PRODUCIDA POR SALES BILIARES EN EL EPITELIO INTESTINAL. IMPLICANCIAS EN LA ABSORCIÓN INTESTINAL DE CALCIO

En altas concentraciones, el deoxicolato de sodio (DXCS, sal biliar) produce daño hepático durante la colestasis y actúa como promotor de cáncer de colon en animales de experimentación. El estrés oxidativo que el DXCS desencadena produce alteraciones mitocondriales y del retículo endoplásmico, las cuales pueden llevar a la apoptosis. Las dietas occidentales, ricas en grasas y pobres en fibras, y el incremento de las expectativas de vida hacen que el DXCS circule mayor número de veces por el circuito enterohepático aumentando, en consecuencia, sus efectos citotóxicos. Dado que el intestino constituye la única puerta de entrada de calcio al organismo y que la absorción intestinal del catión es sensible al estrés oxidativo nos planteamos como HIPÓTESIS que el DXCS, en concentraciones fisiológicas altas, podría alterar la absorción intestinal de Ca2+, quizás por desencadenamiento de estrés oxidativo que estimularía los procesos apoptóticos de las células epiteliales, resultando en una disminución de la capacidad de transporte del catión. Para demostrar esta hipótesis, se plantearon los siguientes objetivos. OBJETIVO GENERAL: Conocer los mecanismos moleculares que pueden desencadenar altas concentraciones de DXCS en el duodeno y sus implicancias sobre la absorción intestinal de calcio. OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS: 1) Analizar la histología del intestino en presencia y ausencia de altas concentraciones de DXCS.2) Determinar el efecto del DXCS sobre la absorción intestinal de calcio en función del tiempo de exposición y la dosis. 3) Evaluar el efecto del DXCS sobre la expresión de genes relacionados con la absorción intestinal de calcio. 4) Analizar la expresión de proteínas que participan en la absorción intestinal de calcio tales como Ca2+-ATPasa, intercambiador Na+/Ca2+ y CB28k. 5) Estudiar el efecto del DXCS sobre el sistema redox intestinal, a través de la cuantificación del contenido de glutatión y carbonilos, de la medición de radicales libres hidroxilo y de las actividades de las enzimas del sistema antioxidante.6) Determinar la localización subcelular y la expresión de moléculas proapoptóticas de la vía intrínseca (Bax, citocromo c) y la fragmentación del ADN como indicadores de apoptosis en enterocitos expuestos a altas concentraciones de DXCS. 7) Analizar la expresión de moléculas proapoptóticas de la vía extrínseca (Fas, FasL, etc) en enterocitos tratados con DXCS.8) Interpretar los posibles mecanismos moleculares desencadenados por el DXCS que podrían afectar el proceso global de la absorción intestinal de calcio. Metodología: Se utilizarán pollos Cobb, los cuales serán alimentados con una dieta comercial. Al cabo de cuatro semanas de edad, se dividirán en dos grupos: a) controles y b) tratados con DXCS en el lumen intestinal a diferentes tiempos y concentraciones (1-100 mM). En ellos se medirá la absorción intestinal de calcio mediante la técnica del asa intestinal ligada in situ utilizando 45Ca2+ como trazador .Se medirá la expresión de genes y proteínas que participan en la vía transcelular de calcio por RT-PCR y Western blot, respectivamente. Se estudiarán variables asociadas al estres oxidativo tales como grupos carbonilos, radicales libres hidroxilos, niveles de glutatión y se medirá la actividad de enzimas del sistema antioxidante. Se evaluarán moléculas de las vías apoptóticas extrínseca e intrínseca. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizará ANOVA seguido del test de Bonferroni en la mayoría de los estudios. El estudio de la absorción intestinal de calcio bajo la influencia del DXCS, sal biliar no conjugada que está en gran proporción en el líquido fecal, arrojará información no sólo sobre los factores moleculares que influyen sobre la absorción intestinal del Ca2+ sino también puede brindar elementos que orienten hacia el conocimiento de la etiopatogenia de enfermedades que transcurren con alteraciones en la absorción del catión como es el caso de la osteoporosis o de otras patologías óseas.

Analysis of the Atmosphere Aerosol and Ozone Condition Over Tbilisi Using Satellite Data and Ground Truth Measurements

Ground-based measurements of the parameters of atmosphere in Tbilisi during the same period, which are provided by the Mikheil Nodia Institute of geophysics, were used as calibration data. Satellite data monthly averaging, preprocessing, analysis and visualization was performed using Giovanni web-based application. Maps of trends and periodic components of the atmosphere aerosol optical thickness and ozone concentration over the study area were calculated.

Optical measurements in disperse two-phase flows : application to rain formation in cumulus clouds

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Verfahrens- und Systemtechnik, Diss., 2012

Relevance to Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Protocol of Blood Pressure Measurements Taken Before First- Morning Micturition and in the Afternoon

Background: The importance of measuring blood pressure before morning micturition and in the afternoon, while working, is yet to be established in relation to the accuracy of home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM). Objective: To compare two HBPM protocols, considering 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (wakefulness ABPM) as gold-standard and measurements taken before morning micturition (BM) and in the afternoon (AM), for the best diagnosis of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH), and their association with prognostic markers. Methods: After undergoing 24-hour wakefulness ABPM, 158 participants (84 women) were randomized for 3- or 5-day HBPM. Two variations of the 3-day protocol were considered: with measurements taken before morning micturition and in the afternoon (BM+AM); and with post-morning-micturition and evening measurements (PM+EM). All patients underwent echocardiography (for left ventricular hypertrophy - LVH) and urinary albumin measurement (for microalbuminuria - MAU). Result: Kappa statistic for the diagnosis of SAH between wakefulness-ABPM and standard 3-day HBPM, 3-day HBPM (BM+AM) and (PM+EM), and 5-day HBPM were 0.660, 0.638, 0.348 and 0.387, respectively. The values of sensitivity of (BM+AM) versus (PM+EM) were 82.6% × 71%, respectively, and of specificity, 84.8% × 74%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 69.1% × 40% and 92.2% × 91.2%, respectively. The comparisons of intraclass correlations for the diagnosis of LVH and MAU between (BM+AM) and (PM+EM) were 0.782 × 0.474 and 0.511 × 0.276, respectively. Conclusions: The 3 day-HBPM protocol including measurements taken before morning micturition and during work in the afternoon showed the best agreement with SAH diagnosis and the best association with prognostic markers.