881 resultados para pesquisa científica - Letras


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This study aimed to analyze the participation of mothers/caregivers from the perspective of the health care model that directs the collective monitoring of child growth and development. This is an exploratory and descriptive research with qualitative approach, carried out in two Family Health Units located in the city of Natal/RN. Data were collected between August and September 2014, through participant observation and semi-structured interview technique, with mothers of infants seen at follow-up visits collective child growth and development. A total of 13 mothers were included who met the following inclusion criteria: being a mother/caregiver responsible for the care of children who have attended one or more meeting of collective monitoring of child growth and development. Exclusion criteria was established: users outside the area covered by the Health Unit Family and who did not use the National Health System as the primary health care service. For the treatment of the collected material, the content analysis was used, thematic Bardin. The study followed the ethical and legal principles governing the scientific research on human subjects recommended by Resolution nº. 466/2012 of the National Health Council and its realization occurred with the approval of the project in the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do North, which was approved by Opinion Embodied nº. 719 949, of June 27, 2014, and Certificate Presentation of Findings Ethics No 32510514.7.0000.5537. Although not conceptualize theoretically mothers demonstrated that collective consultations of child growth and development are actions aimed at health surveillance model, since most pointed monitoring your child to actions that can be measured. Even with that, it was established the existence of health promotion actions by reporting the exchange of experience and leadership of the subjects in collective action, factor facilitated by the link established between users and professionals and users. In this action there is the induction of permanent horizontal relationship where we seek to combine popular knowledge to scientific knowledge in order to promote the integral care for the child. However, it is still possible to find professionals who directs its assistance only to pathological processes and fail to create comprehensive care alternatives. In addition, there is still embezzlement in multi that should provide care to the child population. This factor may be related to their professional training, and thus an issue that can last for a few years. We conclude that it is necessary to incorporate alternatives and models of care that support overcoming limitations and enhancing the health of the population, involving it in the prospect of a better quality of life and therefore health.

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Foundations support constitute one of the types of legal entities of private law forged with the purpose of supporting research projects, education and extension and institutional, scientific and technological development of Brazil. Observed as links of the relationship between company, university, and government, foundations supporting emerge in the Brazilian scene from the principle to establish an economic platform of development based on three pillars: science, technology and innovation – ST&I. In applied terms, these ones operate as tools of debureaucratisation making the management between public entities more agile, especially in the academic management in accordance with the approach of Triple Helix. From the exposed, the present study has as purpose understanding how the relation of Triple Helix intervenes in the fund-raising process of Brazilian foundations support. To understand the relations submitted, it was used the interaction models University-Company-Government recommended by Sábato and Botana (1968), the approach of the Triple Helix proposed by Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000), as well as the perspective of the national innovation systems discussed by Freeman (1987, 1995), Nelson (1990, 1993) and Lundvall (1992). The research object of this study consists of 26 state foundations that support research associated with the National Council of the State Foundations of Supporting Research - CONFAP, as well as the 102 foundations in support of IES associated with the National Council of Foundations of Support for Institutions of Higher Education and Scientific and Technological Research – CONFIES, totaling 128 entities. As a research strategy, this study is considered as an applied research with a quantitative approach. Primary research data were collected using the e-mail Survey procedure. Seventy-five observations were collected, which corresponds to 58.59% of the research universe. It is considering the use of the bootstrap method in order to validate the use of the sample in the analysis of results. For data analysis, it was used descriptive statistics and multivariate data analysis techniques: the cluster analysis; the canonical correlation and the binary logistic regression. From the obtained canonical roots, the results indicated that the dependency relationship between the variables of relations (with the actors of the Triple Helix) and the financial resources invested in innovation projects is low, assuming the null hypothesis of this study, that the relations of the Triple Helix do not have interfered positively or negatively in raising funds for investments in innovation projects. On the other hand, the results obtained with the cluster analysis indicate that entities which have greater quantitative and financial amounts of projects are mostly large foundations (over 100 employees), which support up to five IES, publish management reports and use in their capital structure, greater financing of the public department. Finally, it is pertinent to note that the power of the classification of the logistic model obtained in this study showed high predictive capacity (80.0%) providing to the academic community replication in environments of similar analysis.

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This thesis proposes environmental education as a strategy for the inclusion of sustainability in the academic education of higher level. The dentistry course has been the object of study, which is justified by the recognition of the need for reflection on environmental issues in the dental academia, initially based on professional experience of the author as a dental surgeon. The aim of this study is to investigate the scientific production of dentistry and its content related to environmental issues, in addition to expanding discussions and reflections on the need to insert environmental education as academic content. With the specific purpose of verifying the amount and analyze the content of scientific articles involving issues related to sustainability in dentistry, Chapter 01 presents research in leading journals portals available on the internet. Works were surveyed where sustainability and related issues were present and placed in a theoretical framework that analyzes the dental service inclusion in the dominant economic model. These procedures are intended to prove the hypothesis that the dental profession does not produce significant scientific content that relates the profession to the environment and sustainability. A literature review was conducted with the statement of dentistry changes from its origins to the front position to the dominant development model and exemplification of the deleterious effects of this model on the environment. In addition, there was a scientific research in journals portals available on the internet and investigated the amount and content of scientific articles involving issues related to sustainability in dentistry. Chapter 02 has the specific purpose of providing content to expand discussions and reflections on the need to insert environmental education in undergraduate courses in dentistry, such as insertion strategy into a new development model guided by sustainability. In this, students questionnaires were given the 8th dentistry course of the period the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), to be understood environmental perception of learners and were obtained grants for proof of the thesis that environmental education applied dentistry has the potential to make people aware and willing to act practicing and propagating sustainability in their conduct. The overall results indicate little scientific production, as the research and work that relates to dentistry to sustainability and the issues related to the environment have not significantly been present in the syllabus of the undergraduate courses in dentistry, despite the interest shown by survey respondents When such issues are addressed. In this context, it is proposed fostering actions to environmental education, so that dental professionals are engaged in the construction of a new development model based on sustainability, as despite the environmental theme seems to be little explored in the academic and scientific world of dentistry, there interest from students and great potential multiplier for appropriate environmental behavior. After proving the hypothesis that the environment-related content are poorly explored in the academic and scientific world of dentistry, the main conclusions were recognizing the importance of environmental education as an interdisciplinary tool for environmental thematic approach in undergraduate courses dentistry, in addition to implementing this new pedagogical proposal in the professional practice of dentists, given their potential multiplier for environmental knowledge.

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Nos países ocidentais, a pesquisa científica financiada com recursos públicos vem sofrendo reformas dramáticas nas últimas duas décadas (Simpson, 2003). Considerando os resultados dessas reformas, este artigo investiga como as mesmas aconteceram no Brasil, como os programas de pesquisa foram afetados e qual estilo de organização emergiu das reformas. Pretende-se analisar essas questões empiricamente, usando um estudo de caso. Então, o objetivo específico desse artigo é analisar as inovações organizacionais criadas dentro de um programa de pesquisa público brasileiro – o Programa de melhoraento genético da cana-de-açúcar do IAC (PROCANA) – para enfrentar as reformas nos modelos de atuação do Estado na área de C&T, superar os limites geográficos da pesquisa agrícola, dar mais eficiência à P&D e gerar produtos adaptados às necessidades dos usuários.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília,Instituto de Ciências Humanas, Departamento de Filosofia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, 2015.

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Gene therapy is one of the major challenges of the post-genomic research and it is based on the transfer of genetic material into a cell, tissue or organ in order to cure or improve the patient s clinical status. In general, gene therapy consists in the insertion of functional genes aiming substitute, complement or inhibit defective genes. The achievement of a foreigner DNA expression into a population of cells requires its transfer to the target. Therefore, a key issue is to create systems, vectors, able to transfer and protect the DNA until it reaches the target. The disadvantages related to the use of viral vectors have encouraged efforts to develop emulsions as non-viral vectors. In fact, they are easy to produce, present suitable stability and enable transfection. The aim of this work was to evaluate two different non-viral vectors, cationic liposomes and nanoemulsions, and the possibility of their use in gene therapy. For the two systems, cationic lipids and helper lipids were used. Nanoemulsions were prepared using sonication method and were composed of Captex® 355; Tween® 80; Spam® 80; cationic lipid, Stearylamine (SA) or 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammoniumpropane (DOTAP) and water (Milli-Q®). These systems were characterized by average droplet size, Polidispersion Index (PI) and Zeta Potential. The stability of the systems; as well as the DNA compaction capacity; their cytotoxicity and the cytotoxicity of the isolated components; and their transfection capacity; were also evaluated. Liposomes were made by hydration film method and were composed of DOTAP; 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE), containing or not Rhodaminephosphatidylethanolamine (PE- Rhodamine) and the conjugate Hyaluronic Acid DOPE (HA-DOPE). These systems were also characterized as nanoemulsions. Stability of the systems and the influence of time, size of plasmid and presence or absence of endotoxin in the formation of lipoplexes were also analyzed. Besides, the ophthalmic biodistribution of PE-Rhodamine containing liposomes was studied after intravitreal injection. The obtained results show that these systems are promising non-viral vector for further utilization in gene therapy and that this field seems to be very important in the clinical practice in this century. However, from the possibility to the practice, there is still a long way

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Encarte científico do projeto «Arqueologia das Aprendizagens no concelho de Alandroal» (refª FCT PTDC/CED/81388/2006) publicado no jornal Diário do SUL, em 6 de Outubro de 2010. A grande finalidade deste projeto de pesquisa científica consiste em conhecer, com o máximo pormenor, toda a realidade de aprendizagens disponibilizadas pela totalidade do universo de instituições, do concelho alandroalense e concretizadas de facto, pela população adulta nele residente, no período de uma década (1997-2007).

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Encarte científico do projeto «Arqueologia das Aprendizagens no concelho de Alandroal» (refª FCT PTDC/CED/81388/2006) publicado no jornal Diário do SUL, em 30 de Dezembro de 2010. A grande finalidade deste projeto de pesquisa científica consiste em conhecer, com o máximo pormenor, toda a realidade de aprendizagens disponibilizadas pela totalidade do universo de instituições, do concelho alandroalense e concretizadas de facto, pela população adulta nele residente, no período de uma década (1997-2007). Neste artigo, podemos observar a situação atual da investigação, em 2010.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 2014.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, 2016.

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Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em Ciências da Nutrição

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2015

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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o potencial dos Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG’s), para obtenção de parâmetros adequados e geração de produtos temáticos digitais visando à representação do espaço geográfico para estudos regionais. O emprego de hardware tem sido um fator modificador da forma de condução dos trabalhos, sejam científicos ou não, aonde o uso intensivo dos mesmos vem revolucionando métodos e técnicas de abordagem de problemas específicos, propiciando, na maioria das vezes, avanços qualitativos expressivos e precisão dos resultados. Constata-se um avanço significativo no desenvolvimento de software específico para o tratamento de dados, baseado no uso de microcomputadores, denominados de “informação geográfica” ou mais simplesmente SIG’s, que vem surgindo rapidamente e ganhando espaço considerado importantíssimo no meio científico. Tais sistemas apresentam peculiaridades que se destacam como sendo, eficientes e limitados. Quando o usuário de um SIG defronta-se, mais frequentemente do que possa parecer razoável, com situações de limitação tanto na operação como na aplicação destes sistemas. Nesse contexto as metodologias utilizadas foram às propostas por De Biasi (1970), Rosim, Felgueiras e Namikawa (1993); Bertotti (1997 e 2006); Pereira Neto e Valério Filho (1993), que empregadas isoladamente ou em conjunto, de forma integrada fornecem informações e dados importantíssimos no poder de decisão nos diversos estudos de pesquisa científica, bem como, na orientação de processos de gestão e planejamento ambiental, como de natureza urbana/rural, além de geração de conhecimento das potencialidades socioambientais para fins de melhor aproveitamento e ocupação.

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A cidade atualmente adquiriu uma complexidade maior, tornando-se sujeito, e conseqüentemente, desafia a geografia e outras ciências. Entretanto, este desafio é imprescindível para a sua compreensão e de toda a rede que a acompanha, tornando-a um objeto único e fabuloso da pesquisa científica. Essas redes urbanas são um sistema complexo que possuem um trânsito heterogêneo de fluxos, que são as trocas de bens e informações entre as cidades. O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender a complexa rede urbana em que está inserido o município brasileiro de Mogi-Guaçu, no estado de São Paulo, numa rede densa e caracterizada pela existência de “nós” significantes, cujas metrópoles são São Paulo e Campinas e verificar se este município apresenta características próprias de sua dinâmica territorial ou se apenas repete as “vibrações” da metrópole.

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A crise contemporânea do meio ambiente encontra a pesquisa numa situação de complexidade e de urgência. A introdução desse artigo é destinada, de uma parte, a definir o objeto da pesquisa (o meio ambiente geográfico no seu sentido amplo) e, de outra parte, a ferramenta científica para a análise (um novo paradigma). No transcorrer dos anos 1966-1970 se assiste a uma verdadeira “revolução coperniciana”: o mundo muda, a visão do mundo muda e a pesquisa científica é mexida/transtornada pelo recurso à interdisciplinaridade e às novas tecnologias. A geografia física deve sair de seu (relativo) isolamento. A questão do meio ambiente não é mais apenas uma questão de pesquisa e de método. Face à mudança global, material e imaterial, é preciso inventar um paradigma. Até o momento temos um sistema de referência tripolar – GTP: Geosistema - Território – Paisagem – cuja validade tentaremos demonstrar ao longo de nossa exposição. O GTP parte de três pólos fundamentais à reconstrução da geografia física: (a) um pólo epistemológico de base filosófica que tem por objetivo maior colocar o conjunto da problemática ambiental no quadro da “natureza e da sociedade”; (b) um pólo metodológico que tem como objetivo definir os conceitos, as práticas metodológicas e as técnicas ou tecnologias de trabalho; (c) um pólo didático, cada vez mais essencial, voltado tanto para a formação inicial (pedagogia) como para as aplicações profissionais (aménagement-desenvolvimento). Existe aqui um papel fundamental a ser desempenhado pela geografia como “ciência didática” do meio ambiente? O geosistema, o território, a paisagem são três maneiras de se considerar um objeto único que é o espaço que nos cerca, em uma palavra, o meio ambiente. Estas são três entradas construídas num objeto único, três entradas e, pois, três finalidades diferentes. Os aproximar sem os confundir num sistema tripolar permite introduzir a diversidade e de a flexibilizar num sistema complexo. Estas são três entradas complementares e interativas. O geosistema com finalidade naturalista toma em consideração a “natureza” antropizada. O território com finalidade sócio-econômica corresponde à abordagem clássica da geografia humana. A paisagem com finalidade cultural introduz a dimensão das imagens e das representações. Não há hierarquia entre os três pólos, mas complementaridades: é isto que dá a flexibilidade ao funcionamento científico. A título de reflexão: Para um retorno do geográfico?Em torno de três questões possíveis: (a) O retorno do geográfico será um retorno da disciplina Geografia? (b) Trata-se de uma « ciência diagonal » em curso de criação?(c) Qual é o impacto deste paradigma sobre as aplicações para o aménagement do território e para o “desenvolvimento sustentável”?