Phosphorus and potassium budget in the soil-plant system in crop rotations under no-till

Soil management and crop rotations can affect P and K budget in soil, decreasing losses, and increasing fertilizer use efficiency. The P and K budget in the soil-plant system at depths up to 60. cm was studied for different soil managements and crop rotations under no-till for three years in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. The investigated crop rotations were: triticale (X Triticosecale) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus) cropped in autumn-winter; pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) were grown in the spring, as well as an additional treatment with chiseling followed by a fallow period; and soybean (Glycini max, L., Merril) was cropped in the summer. Each year triticale and sunflower were grown in plots and pearl millet, forage sorghum, Sunn hemp and of chisel/fallow in sub-plots. The triticale/millet rotation led to the largest decrease in available P within the 0-0.60. m layer of the soil profile and the largest K increase within the 0-0.05. m layer. Potassium mobility in the soil profile and the increases in the available K content in the 0.40-0.60. m layer were independent of the management system. Crop rotations with or without chiseling are not effective in preventing soil P losses. There is considerable K leaching below 0.60. m, but chiseling and the use of high K accumulating plants as triticale results in lower K losses. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Soil organic matter and physical attributes affected by crop rotation under no-till

Growing cover crops in systems under no tillage affects different pools of soil organic matter, and eventually soil physical attributes are modified. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in soil organic matter and their relationship with soil physical attributes as affected by plant species grown in rotation with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] under no-till for 3 yr. Crop rotations included grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], ruzigrass [Urochloa ruziziensis (R. Germ, and CM. Evard) Crins] and sorghum mixed with ruzigrass, all grown in fall/winter, followed by pearl millet [Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke], sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) and sorghum-sudangrass [S. bicolor × S. sudanense (Piper) Stapf] grown during the spring, plus a fallow check plot. Soybean was grown as the summer crop. Millet and sorghum-sudangrass cropped in spring showed higher root and shoot production as spring cropping. In fall/winter, sorghum mixed with ruzigrass yielded higher phytomass compared with sole cropping. Soil physical attributes and organic matter fractioning were positively affected by cropping millet and sorghum-sudangrass whereas intermediate effects were observed after sunn hemp. Maintaining fallow in spring had negative effects on soil organic matter and physical properties. Ruzigrass and sorghum mixed with ruzigrass cropped in fall/winter resulted in better soil quality. Spring cover crops were more efficient in changing soil bulk density, porosity, and aggregates down to 0 to 10 cm; on the other hand, fall/winter cropping showed significant effects on bulk density in the uppermost soil layer. Total C levels in soil were increased after a 3-yr rotation period due to poor initial physical conditions. Fractions of particulate organic C, microbial C, and C in macroaggregates were the most affected by crop rotations, and showed high relation with improved soil physical attributes (porosity, density, and aggregates larger than 2 mm). © Soil Science Society of America, All rights reserved.

Atributos de latossolos e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar em decorrência da diversificação de culturas no período de reforma do canavial

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Plantas de cobertura em pré-safra e aplicação de nitrogênio na cultura do milho

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Resistência tênsil relacionada com atributos de um Latossolo sob sistema de semeadura direta

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atributos químicos do solo, estado nutricional e produtividade de soja, milho e arroz após culturas de inverno em semeadura direta

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Qualidade microbiológica do solo sob citrus em comparação com outros ecossistemas e sob adubação verde

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Balanço de gases de efeito estufa em áreas de cana-de-açúcar sob diferentes cenários de manejo, considerando-se mitigações

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Carbono orgânico e polissacrídeos em agregados de um latossolo vermelho eutrófico em sequências de culturas sib a semedura direta

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeito de sistemas de preparo e manejo do solo, culturas de cobertura e rotação nas propriedades físico-químicas do solo e na cultura do milho

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Plantas de cobertura, fontes de nitrogênio e fornecimento de molibdênio no cultivo de arroz de terras altas em sistema de plantio direto

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Plantas de cobertura e doses de fósforo sobre os atributos químicos e biológicos do solo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)