Fantasmas da televisão : o debate sobre a TV digital no Congresso Nacional

Analisa o debate político relativo à implantação da TV digital no Brasil, tendo como referência a audiência pública da Comissão de Ciência, Tecnologia, Comunicação e Informática da Câmara dos Deputados, realizada em 31 de janeiro de 2006, com a participação do ministro das Comunicações, Hélio Costa. Parte-se do pressuposto de que o Congresso Nacional exerceu relevante papel no debate relativo ao tema, mas não exerceu nenhuma influência na escolha do modelo de TV digital, rendendo-se à proposta do Executivo que, por sua vez, acatou o projeto de interesse dos empresários do setor. Constata-se que existem pelo menos três fantasmas que perseguem as empresas brasileiras de televisão: 1) a possibilidade de um novo marco regulatório para o setor de radiodifusão; 2) o aumento da concorrência; e 3) e a ameaça do fim do broadcast, o sistema de difusão de informações utilizado pelo rádio e pela televisão, em que há apenas um emissor e diversos receptores simultaneamente.

A ordem do dia e o sistema de trocas : os atos de fala no debate parlamentar

Análise linguístico-discursiva dos atos de fala presentes nas manifestações dos Parlamentares, especialmente no período da sessão denominado Ordem do Dia, incluídas aí as trocas conversacionais. Apresenta como base teórica a Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional, de Halliday – especificamente o Sistema de Troca da Linguagem –, a teoria dialógica de Bakhtin e o sistema estrutural conversacional proposto por Martin e Rose.

O Brasil no cenário internacional : uma peça em mais de mil atos (reflexos do debate parlamentar entre 4 de outubro de 1988 e 31 de dezembro de 2010)

Faz um mapeamento dos atos internacionais (tratados, convenções, convênios, acordos, protocolos, memorandos de entendimento etc.) assinados pela República Federativa do Brasil e encaminhados ao Congresso Nacional para apreciação legislativa, através de Mensagens do Presidente da República, entre a promulgação da Constituição de 1988 e julho de 2010, como um requisito essencial de inserção das normas de Direito Internacional Público no ordenamento jurídico positivo brasileiro. Questiona a possibilidade de inferência da participação parlamentar nesse processo a partir de um quadro de ação parlamentar assim elaborado. Tece, a partir das observações feitas, considerações a respeito do papel que o Congresso Nacional tem desempenhado nesse processo, através da Câmara dos Deputados.

The Ohlin-Keynes Debate on the German Interwar Reparations Revisited

This paper analyzes the debate between Ohlin and Keynes on the question as to whether Germany was able to make the payments specified in the Dawes Plan. Keynes argued that Germany was able to collect the money but unable to transfer it to the victors because there existed an insurmountable “transfer problem”. Ohlin replied that such a “transfer problem” did not exist and, therefore, that Germany was able to make the payments stipulated by the Dawes Committee. This paper analyzes the positions of the two contenders and argues that the problems are not correctly delimited and that the theoretical bases of the contenders show serious deficiencies. It also brings to light some interesting theoretical and practical paradoxes that neither Keynes nor Ohlin dealt with.

Fantasmas da televisão : interesses explícitos e ocultos no debate sobre a TV digital em audiência pública da Câmara dos Deputados

Aborda aspectos da reunião de audiência pública sobre a implantação de TV digital no Brasil, realizada em 31 de Janeiro de 2006 na Comissão de Ciência, Tecnologia, Comunicação e Informática da Câmara dos Deputados. Identifica e analisa os interesses velados e explícitos que interferem na digitalização da televisão brasileira.

A revisão do Código Florestal : como se deu o debate político durante a discussão sobre a alteração da Lei 4771, de 1965 - Código Florestal Brasileiro, na Câmara dos Deputados, como Casa iniciadora - 1º ciclo de discussão e votação

Este trabalho tem por finalidade analisar como se deu o processo de discussão e votação, no âmbito da Câmara dos Deputados - CD, como casa iniciadora, do PL nº 1.876, de 1999, e seus apensos, que alterou a Lei nº 4771 de 1965. Com esse objetivo, foi desenvolvida análise quantitativa das notas taquigráficas produzidas a partir de Audiências Públicas, realizadas pela Comissão Especial do Código Florestal, e das notas taquigráficas da Sessão da CD do dia 25 de maio de 2011, que aprovou o referido Projeto de Lei. No primeiro capítulo, serão abordados os pressupostos metodológicos desse trabalho. O segundo capítulo será reservado ao estudo sobre a conservação da biodiversidade e, no terceiro capítulo, será feito uma breve análise sobre a evolução dos institutos da Reserva Legal e da Área de Preservação Permanente na legislação florestal brasileira. As conclusões que se pretende extrair desse estudo são que não foi assegurada, nas Audiências Públicas realizadas pela Comissão Especial do Código Florestal, a equidade na participação da sociedade; que, a partir dos dados coletados, os participantes eram a favor de se modificar as regras relativas às APP(s) e à Reserva Legal; e que argumentos importantes, apresentados durante as discussões, não foram contemplados na Redação Final aprovada pela CD.

Characteristics of Laminar and Turbulent Argon Plasma Jets Impinging Normally Upon a Workpiece in Ambient Air

Modeling results are presented concerning the characteristicsoflaminar and turbulentargonplasmajetsimpingingnormally upon a flat plate (workpiece) in ambient air. It is found that the presence of the flat plate significantly enhances the entrainment rate of ambient air into the jets and affects on the flow and temperature fields in the near-plate region of the jets. At comparatively large distances between the plate and the jet inlet, the axial gradients of the plasma parameters in the laminarplasmaimpinging-jets assume values much less than those in the turbulentplasmaimpinging-jets.

Turismo em debate III

Audiências públicas realizadas, em 2013, pela Comissão de Turismo e Desporto da Câmara dos Deputados (desmembrada nas Comissões de Turismo e de Esporte em 2014)

El debate actual sobre la reforma del sistema público de pensiones: comentarios sobre las tesis privatizadoras

En un sistema de reparto las pensiones del periodo se financian con las cotizaciones del mismo período, de tal forma que las pensiones de los cotizantes de hoy se pagarán con las aportaciones de los futuros trabajadores. La transición por lo tanto, supone que quienes hoy estamos cotizando deberíamos seguir cotizando y al mismo tiempo, formar nuestro ahorro para el futuro. Otra posibilidad sería aumentar el déficit público. En definitiva, un coste que alguién debe asumir.

Efeitos sociais da superautomação : o debate em Davos 2016

Analisa aspectos da incorporação de tecnologia ao processo produtivo e ao mercado de trabalho discutidos no Fórum Econômico Mundial de Davos, em 2016.

Quality changes in canned tilapia stored at ambient and accelerated temperatures

Changes in the quality of canned tilapia packed in oil and tomato sauce at ambient and accelerated temperatures were examined by microbiological and sensory evaluation. Canned tilapia were found to be microbiologically stable and organoleptically acceptable after six months storage period. Total viable count (TVC) were generally low (2.5 x 10 super(2)). Thermophilic organisms (Clostridium) were absent in all samples. The yield of edible part of tilapia was 72% after dressing. Pre-cooking of tilapia resulted in a loss of 21.5% of its dressed weight. Comparison of canned tilapia with available canned fishes (geisha and bonga) showed similar trends in the taste, proximate composition, microbiological stability and sensory scores.The possibility for investment in tilapia cannary was also investigated. It was found that production of canned tilapia will be economically viable if a ten hectare tilapia farm is used as a source of raw materials.

Transformaciones en el proceso de morir : la eutanasia, una cuestión en debate en la sociedad vasca

VI,533 p.

Studies of ambient and chamber aerosol composition using the aerosol mass spectrometer

This thesis presents composition measurements for atmospherically relevant inorganic and organic aerosol from laboratory and ambient measurements using the Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer. Studies include the oxidation of dodecane in the Caltech environmental chambers, and several aircraft- and ground-based field studies, which include the quantification of wildfire emissions off the coast of California, and Los Angeles urban emissions.

The oxidation of dodecane by OH under low NO conditions and the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) was explored using a gas-phase chemical model, gas-phase CIMS measurements, and high molecular weight ion traces from particle- phase HR-TOF-AMS mass spectra. The combination of these measurements support the hypothesis that particle-phase chemistry leading to peroxyhemiacetal formation is important. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to the AMS mass spectra which revealed three factors representing a combination of gas-particle partitioning, chemical conversion in the aerosol, and wall deposition.

Airborne measurements of biomass burning emissions from a chaparral fire on the central Californian coast were carried out in November 2009. Physical and chemical changes were reported for smoke ages 0 – 4 h old. CO₂ normalized ammonium, nitrate, and sulfate increased, whereas the normalized OA decreased sharply in the first 1.5 - 2 h, and then slowly increased for the remaining 2 h (net decrease in normalized OA). Comparison to wildfire samples from the Yucatan revealed that factors such as relative humidity, incident UV radiation, age of smoke, and concentration of emissions are important for wildfire evolution.

Ground-based aerosol composition is reported for Pasadena, CA during the summer of 2009. The OA component, which dominated the submicron aerosol mass, was deconvolved into hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA), semi-volatile oxidized organic aerosol (SVOOA), and low-volatility oxidized organic aerosol (LVOOA). The HOA/OA was only 0.08–0.23, indicating that most of Pasadena OA in the summer months is dominated by oxidized OA resulting from transported emissions that have undergone photochemistry and/or moisture-influenced processing, as apposed to only primary organic aerosol emissions. Airborne measurements and model predictions of aerosol composition are reported for the 2010 CalNex field campaign.

Exploiting seismic waveforms of ambient noise and earthquakes

In this thesis, I apply detailed waveform modeling to study noise correlations in different environments, and earthquake waveforms for source parameters and velocity structure.

Green's functions from ambient noise correlations have primarily been used for travel-time measurement. In Part I of this thesis, by detailed waveform modeling of noise correlation functions, I retrieve both surface waves and crustal body waves from noise, and use them in improving earthquake centroid locations and regional crustal structures. I also present examples in which the noise correlations do not yield Green's functions, yet the results are still interesting and useful after case-by-case analyses, including non-uniform distribution of noise sources, spurious velocity changes, and noise correlations on the Amery Ice Shelf.

In Part II of this thesis, I study teleseismic body waves of earthquakes for source parameters or near-source structure. With the dense modern global network and improved methodologies, I obtain high-resolution earthquake locations, focal mechanisms and rupture processes, which provide critical insights to earthquake faulting processes in shallow and deep parts of subduction zones. Waveform modeling of relatively simple subduction zone events also displays new constraints on the structure of subducted slabs.

In summary, behind my approaches to the relatively independent problems, the philosophy is to bring observational insights from seismic waveforms in critical and simple ways.

Studies of ambient organic and inorganic aerosol in Southern California

The negative impacts of ambient aerosol particles, or particulate matter (PM), on human health and climate are well recognized. However, owing to the complexity of aerosol particle formation and chemical evolution, emissions control strategies remain difficult to develop in a cost effective manner. In this work, three studies are presented to address several key issues currently stymieing California's efforts to continue improving its air quality.

Gas-phase organic mass (GPOM) and CO emission factors are used in conjunction with measured enhancements in oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) relative to CO to quantify the significant lack of closure between expected and observed organic aerosol concentrations attributable to fossil-fuel emissions. Two possible conclusions emerge from the analysis to yield consistency with the ambient organic data: (1) vehicular emissions are not a dominant source of anthropogenic fossil SOA in the Los Angeles Basin, or (2) the ambient SOA mass yields used to determine the SOA formation potential of vehicular emissions are substantially higher than those derived from laboratory chamber studies. Additional laboratory chamber studies confirm that, owing to vapor-phase wall loss, the SOA mass yields currently used in virtually all 3D chemical transport models are biased low by as much as a factor of 4. Furthermore, predictions from the Statistical Oxidation Model suggest that this bias could be as high as a factor of 8 if the influence of the chamber walls could be removed entirely.

Once vapor-phase wall loss has been accounted for in a new suite of laboratory chamber experiments, the SOA parameterizations within atmospheric chemical transport models should also be updated. To address the numerical challenges of implementing the next generation of SOA models in atmospheric chemical transport models, a novel mathematical framework, termed the Moment Method, is designed and presented. Assessment of the Moment Method strengths and weaknesses provide valuable insight that can guide future development of SOA modules for atmospheric CTMs.

Finally, regional inorganic aerosol formation and evolution is investigated via detailed comparison of predictions from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ version 4.7.1) model against a suite of airborne and ground-based meteorological measurements, gas- and aerosol-phase inorganic measurements, and black carbon (BC) measurements over Southern California during the CalNex field campaign in May/June 2010. Results suggests that continuing to target sulfur emissions with the hopes of reducing ambient PM concentrations may not the most effective strategy for Southern California. Instead, targeting dairy emissions is likely to be an effective strategy for substantially reducing ammonium nitrate concentrations in the eastern part of the Los Angeles Basin.