Lettre d'un curé à ses paroissiens ([Reprod.])

Collection : Les archives de la Révolution française ; 8.633

Características e desempenho agronômico da cultivar de trigo BRS 229 no Paraná

A cultivar BRS 229, indicada para o Paraná, apresenta glúten médio a forte, e é considerada apropriada para fazer pão. É moderadamente resistente à brusone, às manchas marrom e bronzeada e ao vírus do nanismo amarelo da cevada, além de moderadamente suscetível à ferrugem da folha, ao oídio, ao vírus do mosaico e à giberela. Apresenta ciclo médio, moderada resistência ao acamamento e tolerância ao alumínio tóxico. No Paraná, na média de cinco anos, o rendimento de grãos foi de 4.633 kg ha-1, na região 6 (norte); 3.233 kg ha-1, na região 7 (centro-oeste e oeste); e 4.349 kg ha-1, na região 8 (sul).

Études de langue et de littérature du Moyen-âge : offertes à Félix Lecoy par ses collègues, ses élèves et ses amis

[Mélanges. Lecoy, Félix]

X Jornada Tècnica de l'Arròs

L’èxit de les jornades tècniques de l’arròs ens posiciona com una plataforma de transferència referent en el sector arrosser, amb l’objectiu d’exposar i debatre les darreres innovacions tecnològiques. Benvinguts a aquesta trobada d’experts i professionals del sector arrosser.

Assessment of diesel exhaust particulate exposure and surface characteristics in association with levels of oxidative stress biomarkers

Exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 μm and 2.5 μm, respectively) is associated with a range of adverse health effects, including cancer, pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Surface characteristics (chemical reactivity, surface area) are considered of prime importance to understand the mechanisms which lead to harmful effects. A hypothetical mechanism to explain these adverse effects is the ability of components (organics, metal ions) adsorbed on these particles to generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and thereby to cause oxidative stress in biological systems (Donaldson et al., 2003). ROS can attack almost any cellular structure, like DNA or cellular membrane, leading to the formation of a wide variety of degradation products which can be used as a biomarker of oxidative stress. The aim of the present research project is to test whether there is a correlation between the exposure to Diesel Exhaust Particulate (DEP) and the oxidative stress status. For that purpose, a survey has been conducted in real occupational situations where workers were exposed to DEP (bus depots). Different exposure variables have been considered: - particulate number, size distribution and surface area (SMPS); - particulate mass - PM2.5 and PM4 (gravimetry); - elemental and organic carbon (coulometry); - total adsorbed heavy metals - iron, copper, manganese (atomic adsorption); - surface functional groups present on aerosols (Knudsen flow reactor). Several biomarkers of oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and several aldehydes) have been determined either in urine or serum of volunteers. Results obtained during the sampling campaign in several bus depots indicated that the occupational exposure to particulates in these places was rather low (40-50 μg/m3 for PM4). Bimodal size distributions were generally observed (5 μm and <1 μm). Surface characteristics of PM4 varied strongly, depending on the bus depot. They were usually characterized by high carbonyl and low acidic sites content. Among the different biomarkers which have been analyzed within the framework of this study, mean urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine increased significantly (p<0.05) during two consecutive days of exposure for non-smoker workers. On the other hand, no statistically significant differences were observed for serum levels of hexanal, nonanal and 4- hydroxy-nonenal (p>0.05). Biomarkers levels will be compared to exposure variables to gain a better understanding of the relation between the particulate characteristics and the formation of ROS by-products. This project is financed by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education and Research. It is conducted within the framework of the COST Action 633 "Particulate Matter - Properties Related to Health Effects".

Genetic variants influencing circulating lipid levels and risk of coronary artery disease.

OBJECTIVE: Genetic studies might provide new insights into the biological mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism and risk of CAD. We therefore conducted a genome-wide association study to identify novel genetic determinants of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. METHODS AND RESULTS: We combined genome-wide association data from 8 studies, comprising up to 17 723 participants with information on circulating lipid concentrations. We did independent replication studies in up to 37 774 participants from 8 populations and also in a population of Indian Asian descent. We also assessed the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at lipid loci and risk of CAD in up to 9 633 cases and 38 684 controls. We identified 4 novel genetic loci that showed reproducible associations with lipids (probability values, 1.6×10(-8) to 3.1×10(-10)). These include a potentially functional SNP in the SLC39A8 gene for HDL-C, an SNP near the MYLIP/GMPR and PPP1R3B genes for LDL-C, and at the AFF1 gene for triglycerides. SNPs showing strong statistical association with 1 or more lipid traits at the CELSR2, APOB, APOE-C1-C4-C2 cluster, LPL, ZNF259-APOA5-A4-C3-A1 cluster and TRIB1 loci were also associated with CAD risk (probability values, 1.1×10(-3) to 1.2×10(-9)). CONCLUSIONS: We have identified 4 novel loci associated with circulating lipids. We also show that in addition to those that are largely associated with LDL-C, genetic loci mainly associated with circulating triglycerides and HDL-C are also associated with risk of CAD. These findings potentially provide new insights into the biological mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism and CAD risk.

Clypeal patterning in the paper wasp Polistes dominulus: no evidence of adaptive value in the wild

Status signals function in a number of species to communicate competitive ability to conspecific rivals during competition for resources. In the paper wasp Polistes dominulus, variable black clypeal patterns are thought to be important in mediating competition among females. Results of previous behavioral experiments in the lab indicate that P dominulus clypeal patterns provide information about an individual's competitive ability to rivals during agonistic interactions. To date, however, there has been no detailed examination of the adaptive value of clypeal patterns in the wild. To address this, we looked for correlations between clypeal patterning and various fitness measures, including reproductive success, hierarchical rank, and survival, in a large, free-living population of P. dominulus in southern Spain. Reproductive success over the nesting season was not correlated with clypeal patterning. Furthermore, there was no relationship between a female's clypeal patterning and the rank she achieved within the hierarchy or her survival during nest founding. Overall, we found no evidence that P dominulus clypeal patterns are related to competitive ability or other aspects of quality in our population. This result is consistent with geographical variation in the adaptive value of clypeal patterns between P. dominulus populations; however, data on the relationship between patterning and fitness from other populations are required to test this hypothesis.

Le nébivolol: un bêta-bloquant pourvu de propriétés vasodilatatrices [Nebivolol: a beta blocker with vasodilator properties]

Nebivolol is a new cardioselective beta-blocking agent possessing vasodilatory properties involving the endothelium. This compound is a dl-racemic mixture. The d-enantiomer is responsible for the beta-blocking properties whereas the l-enantiomer induces a vasodilation via a nitric oxide (NO) mechanism. Nebivolol is an unique agent that appears promising for the management of patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease or congestive heart failure.

Metaanálisis del uso de semillas y aceites en la dieta de ovejas y cabras

Resumen:El objetivo de este trabajo fue utilizar el metaanálisis para estudiar los resultados productivos de ovejas y cabras de ordeño, alimentadas con aceites y semillas ricas en ácidos grasos insaturados. Se utilizaron 22 experimentos con ovejas (63 tratamientos) y 21 con cabras (76 tratamientos). El consumo medio de grasa extra fue de 83,6±33,6 g por día en ovejas y 73,4±38,7 g por día en cabras. En ovejas, la grasa extra no afectó al consumo de materia seca, pero aumentó la producción de grasa (de 91,4 a 98,8 g por día) y redujo el contenido proteico (de 5,41 a 5,24%) de la leche. No hubo diferencias en el extracto quesero. En cabras, la inclusión de grasa en la dieta redujo el consumo de materia seca (de 2,13 a 2,08 kg por día) y aumentó el porcentaje de grasa láctea (de 4,11 a 4,43%) y el extracto quesero (de 7,41 a 7,76%). La respuesta productiva de ovejas y cabras al consumo de dietas ricas en ácidos grasos insaturados es diferente. Sin embargo, el valor comercial de la leche no se ve afectado, debido a la ausencia de efectos negativos sobre el extracto quesero en ambas especies.

La désensibilisation lors d'une hypérémie locale par échauffement est un phénomène reproductible

But: L'échauffement local augmente le flux sanguin cutané (SkBF) en induisant une vasodilatation. Cette réponse de la microcirculation dermique est dénommée hyperémie thermique. Dans une précédente étude, nous avons montré qu'un stimulus thermique local appliqué une première fois atténue la réponse hypérémique à un second stimulus appliqué ultérieurement sur le même site cutané, un phénomène que nous appelons désensibilisation. Cependant, d'autres études n'ont pas mis en évidence une désensibilisation dans des conditions similaires. Le but du présent travail est d'explorer les raisons de cette discordance qui pourrait relever d'une différence au niveau de l'instrumentation. Méthode: vingt-huit jeunes hommes en bonne santé sont étudiés. Deux paires de corps de chauffe, l'une faite sur mesure (notre étude) et l'autre produite commercialement (autres groupes d'investigateurs), sont fixées sur l'avant bras. SkBF est mesuré par fluxmétrie laser Doppler ponctuelle (LDF) (780 nm) sur une paire, et par imagerie laser Doppler (LDI) (633 nm) sur l'autre paire. Des palliers de température de 34 à 41 °C sont appliqués pendant 30 minutes et reproduits après deux heures. Résultats : Durant le second échauffement, le plateau SkBF est plus bas que lors du premier stimulus thermique et ce phénomène est observé avec chacune des quatre combinaisons entre différents instruments de mesure du SkBF et de chauffage (p< 0.05 pour chacune des conditions, différence de -9% à -16% de la valeur initiale). Conclusion : La désensibilisation lors d'une hypérémie thermique n'est pas spécifique à des conditions opératoires particulières.

Estudio de la variabilidad fenotípica para características relacionadas con la adaptación al ambiente mediterráneo en una colección de cultivares tradicionales de trigo harinero (Triticum aestivum L.)

Amb l'objectiu de contribuir al coneixement de la diversitat existent en el germoplasma tradicional espanyol de blat fariner per a característiques relacionades amb la adaptació a l'ambient mediterrani i determinar el seu valor com a font de gens d'interès per a la millora d'aquest cereal, es va caracteritzar una col·lecció de 120 varietats tradicionals espanyoles en un assaig de camp en condicions de secà. Es va determinar la duració de les fases de desenvolupament, es va estudiar el creixement mitjançant fotografia digital i es determinà el contingut en clorofil·la, la depressió de la temperatura de la coberta vegetal i la reflectància espectral en diferents estadis. Els resultats van permetre quantificar la variabilitat disponible en aquest germoplasma e identificar dos grups de varietats.