Prevenção de riscos e agravos relacionados à hipertensão arterial sistêmica: um plano de ação de uma Equipe de Saúde da Família de Monte Sião, Minas Gerais

A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica ocupa lugar de destaque no contexto da transição epidemiológica, agravo crônico, não transmissível, principal causa de morbimortalidade da população brasileira, constituindo um dos principais fatores de risco para o aparecimento de doenças cardiovasculares, cerebrovasculares e renais, sendo considerada no Brasil, um grave problema de Saúde Pública. Sua etiologia é multifatorial e o tratamento e controle estão intimamente ligados ao grau de adesão do paciente ao regime terapêutico. Este trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar um plano de intervenção para diminuir os riscos e agravos relacionados à Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica com o intuito melhorar qualidade de vida dos hipertensos cadastrados na equipe de saúde da família Alaércio Zucato. Foram trabalhados os dados do Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica e ainda os dados colhidos quando da realização do diagnóstico situacional. Para levantar as evidências já existentes sobre o tema foi feito uma busca na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. O diagnóstico situacional apontou que os riscos e agravos a saúde dos hipertensos estão relacionados à baixa adesão da população aos grupos operativos, ao tratamento medicamentoso e ao aumento de comorbidades relacionadas à hipertensão. Assim, foi proposto um plano de ação educativa com finalidade de ampliar a adesão dos usuários portadores de hipertensão arterial propondo a melhoria do acolhimento e vínculo com os usuários, bem como, o fortalecimento das ações de prevenção e promoção da saúde.

Abordagem do paciente com hipertensão arterial sistêmica na equipe de saúde da família Avelino Borges Queiroz, Monte Sião, Minas Gerais

O controle da hipertensão arterial está relacionado diretamente ao grau de adesão do paciente ao regime terapêutico, assim como da aquisição de hábitos saudáveis. Este Trabalho de conclusão de curso apresentado ao Curso de Especialização em Atenção Básica em Saúde da Família da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais teve como objetivo elaborar um plano de intervenção na Unidade de Saúde da Família Avelino Borges Queiroz, no município de Monte Sião, Minas Gerais. Para este alcance, utilizou- se o método de planejamento estratégico situacional, que estabelece os nós críticos, o desenho das operações, a identificação dos recursos críticos. Por fim, analisou-se a viabilidade do plano e definiu-se intervenções no sentido de estimular hábitos de vida saudáveis entre os pacientes hipertensos assim como a capacitação dos profissionais da equipe de saúde para melhorar o atendimento aos pacientes e facilitar a adesão ao tratamento

Projeto de intervenção de diabetes mellitus na comunidade da UBS "Francisco de Assis". Monte Sião - Minas Gerais

O diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) é uma doença crônica frequente e sua prevalência vem aumentando rápida e continuamente nas últimas décadas em todo o mundo, adquirindo características epidêmicas em vários países, particularmente naqueles em desenvolvimento. Segundo a Organização Pan-americana da Saúde (OPAS), existe epidemia dessa doença em curso. Em 1985, eram 30 milhões de pacientes no mundo todo; em 2000 foram notificados 177 milhões de casos, devendo esse número aumentar para 370 milhões até 2030. De acordo com o Estudo Multicêntrico sobre a Prevalência de Diabetes no Brasil, realizado em 1988, 7,6% da população adulta do país tem esse problema de saúde. Além disso, as estatísticas oficiais de morbimortalidade apontam que o DM2 constitui a quinta indicação de hospitalização no Brasil e está entre as dez maiores causas de mortalidade no país. Diante desses resultados, há grande preocupação que surge é o como enfrentar essa situação nos diferentes segmentos da sociedade. O envelhecimento populacional e as alterações do estilo de vida são apontados como os principais determinantes do acentuado incremento na frequência de DM2, nos últimos anos.Evidências quanto às alterações no estilo de vida como alimentação não saudável e a falta de atividades físicas regulares, associadas ao aumento da expectativa de vida dos brasileiros têm sido apontados como responsáveis pela prevalência crescente do DM2 no país.O objetivo do projeto é estimular mudanças de estilos de vida para atuar sob as principais causas da prevalência de Diabetes Mellitus na área da equipe de saúde da UBS Dr. "Francisco de Assis" do município Monte Sião mediante atividades educativas que consistiram em realização de palestras, clube debate, videoconferências; dinâmica de grupo; exibição de vídeos e pôster.O nosso universo será 116 pacientes diabéticos cadastrados e aportaremos novos conhecimentos aos usuários, além das complicações que leva não ter os cuidados para obter uma melhor qualidade de vida

Proposta de intervenção educativa sobre hipertensão arterial para pacientes da equipe da Saúde da Família Mário Aparecido Florêncio, no Município de Monte Sião, Minas Gerais

As Doenças Cardiovasculares(DVC) são importantes causas de mortalidade e internações freqüentes, gerando altos custos econômicos e, além disso, sabe-se que a mortalidade por DCV, aumenta progressivamente com o aumento da pressão arterial. O presente estudo se trata de um projeto de intervenção educativa que foi realizado no ano de 2016 pela Equipe de Saúde da Família Mario Aparecido Florêncio de Monte Sião/ Minas Gerais, após a realização do diagnóstico situacional, seguindo o método de Planejamento Estratégico Situacional (PES).Este trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar um projeto de intervenção educativa visando estimular mudanças de estilos de vida em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica em nossa comunidade, através de ações de promoção, e prevenção de saúde.Foram desenvolvidas as ações de capacitação da equipe, atividades de promoção à saúde com pacientes e familiares, para aumentar o nível de conhecimento sobre a Hipertensão Arterial, sobre os principais fatores de risco, como eles podem modificar-se e, assim, reduzir as complicações, a morbidade e mortalidade da doença, fazendo assim melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes hipertensos na população adstrita da nossa equipe de saúde

Optimization of the Enzymatic Interesterification of Milk Fat and Canola Oil Blends Using Immobilized Rhizopus oryzae Lipase by Response Surface Methodology

Blends of milk fat and canola oil (MF:CNO) were enzymatically interesterified (EIE) by Rhizopus oryzne lipase immobilized on polysiloxane-polyvinyl alcohol (SiO(2)-PVA) composite, in a solvent-free system. A central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the reaction, considering the effects of different mass fractions of binary blends of MF:CNO (50:50, 65:35 and 80:20) and temperatures (45, 55 and 65 degrees C) on the composition and texture properties of the interesterified products, taking the interesterification degree (ID) and consistency (at 10 degrees C) as response variables. For the ID variable both mass fraction of milk fat in the blend and temperature were found to be significant, while for the consistency only mass fraction of milk fat was significant. Empiric models for ID and consistency were obtained that allowed establishing the best interesterification conditions: blend with 65 % of milk fat and 35 %, of canola oil, and temperature of 45 degrees C. Under these conditions, the ID was 19.77 %) and the consistency at 10 degrees C was 56 290 Pa. The potential of this eco-friendly process demonstrated that a product could be obtained with the desirable milk fat flavour and better spreadability under refrigerated conditions.

Clean preparation of methyl esters in one-step oxidative esterification of primary alcohols catalyzed by supported gold nanoparticles

Methyl esters were prepared by the clean, one-step catalytic esterification of primary alcohols using molecular oxygen as a green oxidant and a newly developed SiO(2)-supported gold nanoparticle catalyst. The catalyst was highly active and selective in a broad range of pressure and temperature. At 3 atm O(2) and 130 degrees C benzyl alcohol was converted to methyl benzoate with 100% conversion and 100% selectivity in 4 h of reaction. This catalytic process is much ""greener"" than the conventional reaction routes because it avoids the use of stoichiometric environmentally unfriendly oxidants, usually required for alcohol oxidation, and the use of strong acids or excess of reactants or constant removal of products required to shift the equilibrium to the desired esterification product.

Role of dipolar interactions in a system of Ni nanoparticles studied by magnetic susceptibility measurements

The role of dipolar interactions among Ni nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in an amorphous SiO(2)/C matrix with different concentrations has been studied performing ac magnetic susceptibility chi(ac) measurements. For very diluted samples, with Ni concentrations < 4 wt % Ni or very weak dipolar interactions, the data are well described by the Neacuteel-Arrhenius law. Increasing Ni concentration to values up to 12.8 wt % Ni results in changes in the Neacuteel-Arrhenius behavior, the dipolar interactions become important, and need to be considered to describe the magnetic response of the NPs system. We have found no evidence of a spin-glasslike behavior in our Ni NP systems even when dipolar interactions are clearly present.

Performance of different immobilized lipases in palm oil biodiesel synthesis

Performance of different immobilized lipases in palm oil biodiesel synthesis. Optimized conditions for palm oil and ethanol enzymatic biodiesel synthesis were determined with different immobilized lipases SiO(2)-PVA-immobilized lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens and acrylic resin-immobilized lipase, Novozym (R) 435, from Candida antartica, in solvent-free medium. A full factorial design assessed the influence of temperature (42 - 58 degrees C) and ethanol: palm oil (6:1 - 18:1) molar ratio on the transesterification yield. Main effects were adjusted by multiple regression analysis to linear models and the maximum transesterification yield was obtained at 42 degrees C and 18:1 ethanol: palm oil molar ratio. Mathematical models featuring total yield for each immobilized lipase were suitable to describe the experimental results.

Compositional and textural properties of milkfat-soybean oil enzymatic interesterification

Milkfat-soybean oil blends were enzymatically interesterified (EIE) by Aspergillus niger lipase immobilized on SiO(2)-PVA hybrid composite in a solvent free system. An experimental mixture design was used to study the effects of binary blends of milkfat-soybean oil (MF:SBO) at different proportions (0:100; 25:75; 33:67; 50:50; 67:33; 75:25; 100:0) on the compositional and textural properties of the EIE products, considering, as response variables, the interesterification yield (IY), consistency and hardness. Lipase-catalysed interesterification reactions increased the relative proportion of TAGs` C(46)-C(52) and decreased the TAGs` C(40)-C(42) and C(54) concentrations. The highest IY was attained (10.8%) for EIE blend of MF:SBO 67:33 resulting in a more spreadable material at refrigerator temperature in comparison with butter, milkfat or non-interesterified (NIE) blend. In this case, consistency and hardness values were at least 32% lower than values measured for butter. Thus, using A. niger lipase immobilized on SiO(2)-PVA improves the textural properties of milkfat and has potential for development of a product incorporating unsaturated and essential fatty acids from soybean oil. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Screening of lipases for the synthesis of xylitol monoesters by chemoenzymatic esterification and the potential of microwave and ultrasound irradiations to enhance the reaction rate

Lipases from different sources, Pseudomonas fluorescens (AK lipase), Burkholderia cepacia (PS lipase), Penicillium camembertii (lipase G) and Porcine pancreas lipase (PPL), previously immobilized on epoxy SiO(2)-PVA, were screened for the synthesis of xylitol monoesters by esterification of the protected xylitol using oleic acid as acyl donor group. Among all immobilized derivatives, the highest esterification yield was achieved by P. camembertii lipase, showing to be attractive alternative to bulk chemical routes to satisfy increasing commercial demands. Further experiments were performed to determine the influence of fatty acids chain size on the reaction yield and the feasibility of using non-conventional heating systems (microwave and ultrasound irradiations) to enhance the reaction rate. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of the catalytic properties of Burkholderia cepacia lipase immobilized on non-commercial matrices to be used in biodiesel synthesis from different feedstocks

The objective of this work was to produce an immobilized form of lipase from Burkholderia cepacia (lipase PS) with advantageous catalytic properties and stability to be used in the ethanolysis of different feedstocks, mainly babassu oil and tallow beef. For this purpose lipase PS was immobilized on two different non-commercial matrices, such as inorganic matrix (niobium oxide, Nb(2)O(5)) and a hybrid matrix (polysiloxane-polyvinyl alcohol, SiO(2)-PVA) by covalent binding. The properties of free and immobilized enzymes were searched and compared. The best performance regarding all the analyzed parameters (biochemical properties, kinetic constants and thermal stability) were obtained when the lipase was immobilized on SiO(2)-PVA. The superiority of this immobilized system was also confirmed in the transe-sterification of both feedstocks, attained higher yields and productivities. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Crystallographic characterization of silicon nitride ceramics sintered with Y(2)O(3)-Al(2)O(3) or E(2)O(3)-Al(2)O(3) additions

Silicon nitride ceramics were sintered using Y(2)O(3)-Al(2)O(3) or E(2)O(3)-Al(2)O(3) (E(2)O(3) denotes a mixed oxide Of Y(2)O(3) and rare-earth oxides) as sintering additives. The intergranular phases formed after sintering was investigated using high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD). The use of synchrotron radiation enabled high angular resolution and a high signal to background ratio. Besides the appearance Of beta-Si(3)N(4) phase the intergranular phases Y(3)Al(5)O(12) (YAG) and Y(2)SiO(5) were identified in both samples. The refinement of the structural parameters by the Rietveld method indicated similar crystalline structure Of beta-Si(3)N(4) for both systems used as sintering additive. On the other hand, the intergranular phases Y(3)Al(5)O(12) and Y(2)SiO(5) shown a decrease of the lattice parameters, when E(2)O(3) was used as additive, indicating the formation of solid solutions of E(3)Al(5)O(12) and E(2)SiO(5), respectively. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.

Chemical composition of mixed construction and demolition recycled aggregates from the State of Sao Paulo

Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) represents. about 50% of the total Brazilian municipal solid waste: thus, recycling represents huge benefits both in environmental and economic perspectives. Herein, the chemical characterization results of three samples from two different recycling plants from the State of Sao Paulo is prevented. The results demonstrated that the visual classification into grey and red is not related to the chemical composition but mostly to the grain size fraction. The chemical composition of the CDW varies according to the content of cement paste, natural aggregates (quartz sand or granite), red ceramic and clay. Furthermore, the production of recycled concrete aggregates requires two crushing stages to meet the technical standards. The sand fraction (below 4.8 mm) presents high grades of SiO(2), which indicates the liberation of cement paste to fines (< 0.15 mm). The fines have a great potential to be used in the cement industry.

Characterization of mixed waste of granite and LD slag

This study focuses on the technical feasibility of the utilization of waste from the cutting of granite to adjust the chemical composition of slag from steelworks LD, targeting the addition of clinker Portland cement. For this, chemical characterization of the waste, its mixture and fusion was performed, obtaining a CaO/SiO(2) relationship of around 0.9 to 1.2 for the steelworks slag. We selected samples of the waste, mixed, melted and cooled in water and in the oven. Samples cooled in water, after examining with X-ray difractrograms, had been predominantly amorphous. For samples cooled in the furnace, which had vitreous, there was the presence of mineralogical phases Akermanita and Gehlenita, which is considered as the ideal stage for the mineral water activity of the slag. The adjustment of the chemical composition of the slag from steel works by the addition of waste granite was efficient, transforming the waste into a product that is the same as blast furnace slag and can be used in the manufacture of cement.

Colloidal Processing of Glass-Ceramics for Laminated Object Manufacturing

Green tapes of Li(2)O-ZrO(2)-SiO(2)-Al(2)O(3) (LZSA) parent glass were produced by aqueous tape casting as the starting material for the laminated object manufacturing (LOM) process. The rheological behavior of the powder suspensions in aqueous media, as well as the mechanical properties of the cast tapes, was evaluated. According to xi potential measurements, the LZSA glass powder particles showed acid surface characteristics and an IEP of around 4 when in aqueous media. The critical volume fraction of solids was about 72 wt% (27 vol%), which hindered the processability of more concentrated slurries. The glass particles also showed an anisometric profile, which contributed to an increase in the interactions between particles during flow. Therefore, the suspensions could not be processed at high solids loadings. Aqueous-based glass suspensions were also characterized by shear thickening after the addition of dispersants. Three slurry compositions were formulated, suitable green tapes were cast, and tapes were successfully laminated by LOM to a gear wheel geometry. A higher tensile strength of the green tapes corresponded to a higher tensile strength of the laminates. Thermal treatment was then applied to the laminates: pyrolysis at 525 degrees C, sintering at 700 degrees C for 1 h, and crystallization at 850 degrees C for 30 min. A 20% volumetric shrinkage was observed, but no surface flaws or inhomogeneous areas were detected. The sintered part maintained the curved edges and internal profile after heat treatment.