Hábitos alimentares da raia-viola-de-cara-curta, Zapteryx brevirostris, (Muller & Henle, 1841) (Chondrichthyes, Rhinobatidae), no litoral Norte do Estado de S��o Paulo

Funda��ão de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

The plants by Daniel Rolander (c. 1723-1793) in Diarium Surinamicum (1754-1765) and herbaria

The manuscripts of Diarium Surinamicum by Daniel Rolander practically remained ignored and unpublished for over 240 years, till the recent publication of its translation into English, which occurred in 2008. In this, the names of species described and/or cited by Rolander were faithfully retained, hence preserving the indication of them without authorship, for the vast majority. In the present work, all the names of plants that were treated by Rolander in his journal, about 664, including by tradition the fungi and algae, are contextualised in relation to the authorship, reference to the publication of the protologue, pagination of citations/descriptions in the manuscripts and in the published translation, indication of probable misidentifications with possible alternative names, vernacular names, and related literature. Additionally, we searched for the vouchers collected by Rolander, scattered in several herbaria, which have been linked to the probable names and descriptions in the diary. Given the considerable time till the publication of these names, and by the lack of indication of their nomenclatural types in the English version, the great majority of the new species described by Rolander, which would have priority if published in due time, became invalid names according to the ICN. Nevertheless, the list of Rolandrian species here presented, from his work that has finally taken a place in the history of natural sciences, shows that he was also a competent botanist, besides being a skilled entomologist, having recognised and detailedly described many of the Surinamese plants hitherto unknown to science.

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919) and rheumatoid arthritis

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919), one of the world's most celebrated impressionist painters, suffered from rheumatoid arthritis for most of his life. His symptoms developed when he was in his 50s and they became aggressive at about the age of 60 years that led to almost complete disability when he was 70 years old. Although the deformities he suffered because of the rheumatoid arthritis were disabling, Renoir never stopped painting nor decreased the quality of his work. The transition between styles adopted by the painter (Impressionist, Dry and Pearly periods) bear no relationship to the stages of flare-ups or the establishment of joint deformities due to rheumatoid arthritis. His work shows aspects of the body's ability to overcome pain and physical limitation.

Il racconto russo contemporaneo: Cuvstvo viny di aleksandr snegir?v. Proposta di traduzione.

В начале этой диссертации я решила изучить фигуру русского современного писателя и трудности, с которыми он сталкивался в былые и последнее время. Его путь не был лёгким потому что, исторические и культурные перемены и решении государства, которое всегда старалось его контролировать, очень повлияли на работу русского писателя. Потом, я представила автора книги, которую я переводила и, в частности, я подчеркнула такие детали его стиля, которые его характеризуют как современного русского писателя, не принадлежащего ни к какому литературному течению. Центром моего анализа книги Снегирёва личная точка зрения автора о современности и об ощущениях каждого персонажа, встречающего перемену в своей жизни. Затем, я проанализировала фигуру переводчика, который должен всегда решить как поступить с разными трудностями оригинального текста. Для того, чтобы правильно переводить, это необходимо, чтобы переводчик принял во внимание не только функцию, контекст и стиль текста, который он должен переводить, но он также должен изучить теории важных переводчиков и критиков, которые могут ему помочь и представляют для него точку отсчёта для будущих переводческих решений. Переводчик должен пропустить всю эту информацию через фильтр своего сознания. Я также включила в эту диссертацию главу о биографии автора и его библиографию автора и часть интервью со Снегирёвым, которое происходило в Москве в мае 2015 года. Этот опыт мне позволил принимать более осмысленные решения, когда я переводила книгу Чувство вины, потому что я лучше поняла и автор и его точку зрения о его работе. После этой главы, я включила в эту диссертацию комментарии к моему переводу, где я привела примеры трудностей и характеристик текста и разные приемы, которые я использовала для того, чтобы разрешить мои сомнения в переводе некоторых частей книги. В заключении я написала главу, в которой я сделала выводы о моей работе по поводу перевода этой книги. В приложение я включила свой перевод на итальянский книги Снегирёва.

Eugene Onegin As A Bridge Between Worlds: Aleksandr Pushkin As Translator Of The 19Th-Century Russian Experience

In my thesis, I use literary criticism, knowledge of Russian, and elements of translation theory to study the seminal poet of the Russian literary tradition ¿ Aleksandr Pushkin. In his most famous work, Eugene Onegin, Pushkin explores the cultural and linguistic divide in place at the turn of the 19th century in Russia. Pushkin stands on the peripheries of several colliding worlds; never fully committing to any of them, he acts as a translator between various realms of the 19th-century Russian experience. Through his narrator, he adeptly occupies the voices, styles, and modes of expression of various characters, displaying competency in all realms of Russian life. In examining Tatiana, his heroine, the reader witnesses her development as analogous to the author¿s. At the center of the text stands the act of translation itself: as the narrator ¿translates��¿ Tatiana��¿s love letter from French to Russian, the author-narrator declares his function as a mediator, not only between languages, but also between cultures, literary canons, social classes, and identities. Tatiana, as both main character and the narrator¿s muse, emerges as the most complex figure in the novel, and her language manifests itself as the most direct and capable of sincerity in the novel. The elements of Russian folklore that are incorporated into her language speak to Pushkin¿s appreciation for the rich Russian folklore tradition. In his exaltation of language considered to be ¿common¿, ¿low¿ speech is juxtaposed with its lofty counterpart; along the way, he incorporates myriad foreign borrowings. An active creator of Russia��¿s new literary language, Pushkin traverses linguistic boundaries to synthesize a fragmented Russia. In the process, he creates a work so thoroughly tied to language and entrenched in complex cultural traditions that many scholars have argued for its untranslatability.