937 resultados para Quantity Surveying


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General return showing the quantity of each article transported on the Welland Canal (Port Robinson) during the year ending on the 31st of December 1860 and the amount of tolls collected thereon, 1860.

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General return showing the quantity of each article transported on the Welland Canal during the year ending the 31st of December 1860 and the amount of tolls collected thereon. This document was mouldy (now inactive). This does not affect the text. It is signed by William Turner, collector (office at Port Maitland), 1860.

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General return showing the quantity of each article transported on the Welland Canal during the year ending the 31st of December 1861 (office at Port Maitland) (2 pages), 1861.

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General return (copy) showing the quantity of each article transported on the Welland Canal during the year ending the 31st of December 1861 and the amount of tolls collected thereon (office at Port Robinson), 1861.

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Statement showing the totals of the quantity of each class of articles transported on the Welland Canal during the years ending on the 31st of December 1857-1861 and the amount of tolls collected thereon 2 ½ page, hand drawn chart), Dec. 31, 1861.

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Statement of the quantity of each article transported on the Welland Canal during the years 1857- 1861 from the Welland Canal Office, Dunnville. [This is a package containing charts and sections of charts – in total, 26 pieces of hand drawn charts wrapped in a piece of paper], 1862.

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Identification of cost-determinant variables and evaluation of their degree of influence play an essential role in building reliable cost models and enhance the competitive edge of quantity surveyors as well as contracting organisations. Sixty-seven variables affecting pre-tender construction cost estimates are identified through literature and interviews. These factors are grouped into six categories and a comparison analysis of their impact is conducted. Priority ranking of cost-influencing factors is carried out using a questionnaire survey commissioned amongst quantity surveyors based in the UK. Findings of this survey indicate that there is a strong agreement between quantity surveyors in ranking cost-influencing factors of construction projects. Comparisons between the outcomes of this research and other related studies are presented.

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Controlled human intervention trials are required to confirm the hypothesis that dietary fat quality may influence insulin action. The aim was to develop a food-exchange model, suitable for use in free-living volunteers, to investigate the effects of four experimental diets distinct in fat quantity and quality: high SFA (HSFA); high MUFA (HMUFA) and two low-fat (LF) diets, one supplemented with 1.24g EPA and DHA/d (LFn-3). A theoretical food-exchange model was developed. The average quantity of exchangeable fat was calculated as the sum of fat provided by added fats (spreads and oils), milk, cheese, biscuits, cakes, buns and pastries using data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of UK adults. Most of the exchangeable fat was replaced by specifically designed study foods. Also critical to the model was the use of carbohydrate exchanges to ensure the diets were isoenergetic. Volunteers from eight centres across Europe completed the dietary intervention. Results indicated that compositional targets were largely achieved with significant differences in fat quantity between the high-fat diets (39.9 (SEM 0.6) and 38.9 (SEM 0.51) percentage energy (%E) from fat for the HSFA and HMUFA diets respectively) and the low-fat diets (29.6 (SEM 0.6) and 29.1 (SEM 0.5) %E from fat for the LF and LFn-3 diets respectively) and fat quality (17.5 (SEM 0.3) and 10.4 (SEM 0.2) %E front SFA and 12.7 (SEM 0.3) and 18.7 (SEM 0.4) %E MUFA for the HSFA and HMUFA diets respectively). In conclusion, a robust, flexible food-exchange model was developed and implemented successfully in the LIPGENE dietary intervention trial.