Estratigrafia do vulcanismo mesozóico ácido da província magmática do Paraná

The Paraná Magmatic Province was generated by a large volcanic event occurred in the Lower Cretaceous, it was a phenomenon that preceded the fragmentation of the supercontinent Gondwana. In Brazil the volcanic rocks overlying about 75% of the surface of the Parana basin being the Serra Geral Formation essentially represented by basalts and andesites of tholeiitic nature and subordinate porphyritic rhyodacites, called Chapecó type and aphyric rhyolites, Palms type. Based on the chemical compositions, rocks of Palmas type are subdivided into Santa Maria, Clevelândia, Caxias do Sul, Jacuí and Anita Garibaldi. Rocks of Chapecó type are grouped into three distinct subtypes called Guarapuava, Tamarana and Ourinhos. These acidic rocks that overlying basalts are of two main types: high-Ti (Paranapanema, Pitanga and Urubici) and low-Ti (Gramado, Esmeralda and Ribeira). Representative profiles of these rocks were studied in detail in order to establish the lithostratigraphy and Chemostratigraphy of Palmas and Chapecó type. To do this was made a field work and the use of a database with 1109 samples with their geographical coordinates and geochemical information of major and trace elements, which were launched in maps generated by Google Earth. From these maps, it was verified that rocks of the Palmas type are distributed predominantly in the south region of the basin in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, accumulated along Torres Syncline, while those Chapecó type occur in the plateaus of midwestern Paraná, in this region was observed that Chapecó type overlap those Palmas type. In the profiles studied, within Palmas type, Caxias do Sul type is spread throughout the southern region of the basin, occurring at the base of the acid volcanic sequences, in other words, they are older compared to the others. It was also observed that the rocks of Santa Maria and Anita Garibaldi type occupy the top of the sequences, both covering rocks of Caxias do Sul..

Vulcanologia e petrologia das rochas vulcânicas ácidas da Província Magmática do Paraná

Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE

Ordovician A-type granitoid magmatism on the Ceara Central Domain, Borborema Province, NE-Brazil

We present field relationships, major and trace element geochemistry and U-Pb SHRIMP and ID-TIMS geochronology of the A-type Ordovician Quintas pluton located in the Ceara Central Domain of the Borborema Province, in northeastern Brazil. This pluton presents a concentric geometry and is composed mainly of syenogranite, monzogranite, quartz syenite to quartz monzodiorite, monzogabbro and diorite. Its geochemical characteristics [SiO2 (52-70%), Na2O/K2O (1.55-0.65), Fe2O3/MgO (2.2-7.3), metaluminous to sligthly alkaline affinity, post-collisional type in (Y + Nb) x Rb diagram, and A-type affinity (Ga > 22 ppm, Nb > 20 ppm, Zn > 60 ppm), REE fractioned pattern with negative Eu anomaly] are coherent with post-collisional A(2)-type granitoids. However, the emplacement of this pluton is to some extent temporally associated with the deposition of the first strata of the Parnaiba intracratonic basin, attesting also to a purely anorogenic character (A(1)-type granitoid). The emplacement of this pluton is preceded by one of the largest known orogenesis of the planet (Neoproterozoic Pan-African/Brasiliano) and, if it is classified as an A(2)-type granitoid, it provides interesting constraints about how long can last A(2)-type magmatic activity after a major collisional episode, arguably triggered by disturbance of the underlying mantle, a topic extensively debated in the geoscience community. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Geochemistry and Pb-207/Pb-206 zircon ages of granitoids from the southern portion of the Tamboril-Santa Quiteria granitic-migmatitic complex, Ceara Central Domain, Borborema Province (NE Brazil)

The Tamboril-Santa Quiteria Complex is an important Neoproterozoic granitic-migmatitic unit from the Ceara Central Domain that developed from ca. 650 to 610 Ma. In general the granitoids range in composition from diorite to granite with predominance (up to 85%) of granitic to monzogranitic composition with biotite as the main mafic AFM phase. Geochemical and Pb-207/Pb-206 evaporation zircon geochronology studies were applied in a group of these abundant monzogranitic rocks from the region of Novo Oriente in the southern portion of the Ceara Central Domain. In this area the granitoids are weakly peraluminous biotite granitoids and deformed biotite granitoids of high-K calc-alkaline and ferroan composition, which we interpreted as primary magmas (segregated diatexites) derived from the partial melting of crustal material. The close temporal relation of this magmatism with local eclogitic and regional high temperature metamorphism in Ceara Central Domain point out to an orogenic setting, arguably emplaced during the collisional stage. Subordinate coeval juvenile mantle incursions are also present. This crustally derived magmatism is the primary product of the continental thickening that resulted from the collision between the rocks represented by the Amazonian-West African craton (Sao Luiz cratonic fragment) to the northwest and the Paleoproterozoic-Archean basement of the Borborema Province to the southeast along the Transbrasiliano tectonic corridor. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

U-Pb zircon ages of orthogneisses and supracrustal rocks of the Cariris Velhos belt: Onset of Neoproterozoic rifting in the Borborema Province, NE Brazil

New geochronological and geochemical constraints on Precambrian sedimentary and volcanic successions exposed in the western part of the Central Domain of the Borborema Province, NE Brazil, indicate the presence of two distinct tectono-stratigraphic complexes: Riacho Gravata and Sao Caetano. Both complexes and associated orthogneisses are referred in the literature as the Cariris Velhos belt, having depositional, extrusive, or intrusive ages within the interval 985-913 Ma. The Riacho Gravata complex consists of bimodal (but mostly felsic) volcanic and volcanoclastic rocks, muscovite+/-graphite schists, quartzites, and marble with local occurrences of banded-iron-formation. The Sao Caetano complex mainly consists of metagreywackes, marbles, calc-silicate rocks, and rare meta-mafic rocks. Meta-mafic rocks from both complexes have geochemical signatures similar to those of continental flood basalts, with epsilon Nd (1.0 Ga) values ranging from -1.0 to -2.8. Felsic volcanic rocks from the Riacho Gravata complex show epsilon Nd (1.0 Ga) values ranging from -1.0 to -7.4 and geochemical signatures similar to A(2)-type granitoids. New SHRIMP U-Pb zircon data from felsic volcanic rocks within the Riacho Gravata complex yielded ages of 1091 +/- 13 Ma and 996 +/- 13 Ma. In contrast, meta-graywackes from the Sao Caetano complex show a maximum deposition age of ca. 806 Ma in the northern part and ca. 862 Ma in the southern part of the outcrop area. The orthogneisses show epsilon Nd (1.0 Ga) values ranging from 1.0 to -4.2 with U/Pb TIMS and SHRIMP ages ranging from 960 to 926 Ma and geochemical signatures of A(2)-type granitoids. The data reported in this paper suggest at least two periods of extension within the Central Domain of the Borborema Province, the first starts ca. 1091 Ma with magmatism and deposition, creating the Riacho Gravata basin and continued intrusion of A-type granites to 920 Ma. A second rift event, which reactivated old faults, generated a basin with a maximum deposition age of ca. 806 Ma. Furthermore, the oldest granitoids cutting these metasedimentary rocks have crystallization ages of ca. 600 Ma. This suggests that the second rift event could be early Brasiliano in age. The resulting Sao Caetano basin received detritus from a variety of sources, although detritus from the Riacho Gravata complex dominated. Deposition ages of the Riacho Gravata and the Sao Caetano complexes are coeval with deposits in other basins of the Borborema Province (Riacho do Tigre in the Central Domain; Macurure and Maranco in the Sergipano Belt of the Southern domain). The Macaubas Group from SE Brazil and its counterparts in Africa, the Zadanian and Mayumbian Groups, in the western edge of the Congo Craton are also coeval. Closure of the Riacho Gravata and Sao Caetano basins occurred during the Brasiliano convergence (705-600 Ma). During the last stage of convergence, ca. 612 Ma, pull-apart basins were created and filled; final basin closure took place 605-592 Ma, after deposition ceased. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Implicações sobre a natureza das fontes mantélicas envolvidas na gênese da Província Magmática do Paraná

Neste estudo, buscou-se compreender os processos e materiais que contribuíram às fontes mantélicas envolvidas na gênese da Província Magmática do Paraná (PMP). O papel que a crosta, a litosfera e o manto terrestre (raso ou profundo) desempenham na geração de assinaturas químicas e isotópicas em basaltos de derrames continentais e oceânicos tem sido um tema intensamente pesquisado e muito debatido na literatura internacional (e.g., Sheth, 2005). Embora muitos estudos já tenham sido conduzidos na PMP, existe ainda uma grande controvérsia com relação à natureza das regiões-fonte dos magmas (manto litosférico continental ou manto sublitosférico), como também acerca dos mecanismos geodinâmicos que provocam o início da fusão dessas regiões-fonte (e.g., Bellieni et al., 1984; Hawkesworth et al., 1992). Nesse contexto, uma grande quantidade de análises de elementos traço (litófilos e siderófilos), como também dados isotópicos de quatro sistemas de decaimento radioativo (Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, U-Th-Pb e Re-Os), foram obtidos em basaltos que ocorrem no norte e sul da PMP. A regionalização geoquímica e isotópica (Sr-Nd-Pb) observada nas rochas basálticas da PMP tem sido frequentemente interpretada como resultante da fusão de manto litosférico subcontinental heterogêneo. Entretanto, dados geoquímicos de elementos altamente siderófilos e de razões isotópicas 187Os/188Os, obtidos neste estudo, indicam uma fonte mantélica homogênea, já que os basaltos baixo-TiO2 e alto- TiO2 possuem razões isotópicas de ósmio muito similares (187Os/188Osi = 0,1295±0,0018), as quais são distintas daquelas de manto litosférico subcontinental antigo (Proterozoico ou Arqueano; 187Os/188Os = 0,113). Os dados isotópicos Re-Os exibem uma tendência linear (187Re/188Os versus 187Os/188Os), definindo uma isócrona de boa qualidade (idade = 131,6 ± 2,3 Ma), consistente com as idades obtidas em trabalhos anteriores utilizando o método 40Ar/39Ar. Comumente, a PMP tem sido geneticamente ligada ao hotspot Tristão da Cunha via Rio Grande Rise e Walvis Ridge. No entanto, as razões isotópicas de ósmio determinadas nas rochas da Ilha de Tristão da Cunha são muito distintas daquelas dos basaltos da PMP, reforçando que essa pluma não deve ter contribuído com matéria na gênese dessas rochas. Desta forma, para explicar todas as características isotópicas dos basaltos da PMP é necessário o envolvimento de três componentes mantélicos (Marques et al., 1999). Um deles, empobrecido e semelhante ao DMM, estaria presente na fonte dos basaltos alto-TiO2 e baixo-TiO2, dominando as composições isotópicas de ósmio. Os outros dois componentes enriquecidos (EM-I e EM-II) seriam responsáveis pelas variações nas composições isotópicas de Sr-Nd-Pb. Na gênese dos basaltos alto-TiO2 provavelmente ocorreu envolvimento de crosta continental inferior delaminada (EM-I), enquanto nas rochas baixo-TiO2 há indicação de participação de crosta continental superior reciclada (EM-II). O componente empobrecido possui composição semelhante à de peridotitos de arco, sendo que essa assinatura isotópica pode ter sido gerada por processos metassomáticos relacionados a processos de subducção neoproterozóicas, que teriam modificado o manto astenosférico (DMM). No processo de aglutinação do Gondwana esse manto astenosférico metassomatizado pode ter sido incorporado à base da litosfera, sofrendo posterior refusão, por ocasião da atividade ígnea da PMP.

València (província). Mapas generales

Abundante información toponímica.-Representación pictórica del relieve

València (província). Mapas generales. 1895

Leyenda en parte inferior derecha con los signos convencionales utilizados