A population of red-transparent, triploid Carassius auratus

A red-transparent population, distributed in Pingxiang of Jiangxi Province, was identified to be triploid Carassius auratus by DNA content measurement and chromosome analysis. Artificial propagation experiments indicated that the red-transparent triploid Carassius auratus could reproduce by gynogenesis. (c) 2005 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles.

MEIOTIC CHROMOSOME BEHAVIOR IN FEMALE INTERSEXES OF ARTIFICIAL TRIPLOID TRANSPARENT-COLORED CRUCIAN CARP

Chromosome behavior in meiosis was studied by air-drying, C-banding and surface-spreading methods in female intersexes of artificial triploid transparent-colored crucian carp (Carassius auratus). Chromosome pairing and contraction were obviously asynchronous. The preferential pairing of two homologous chromosomes was the major pattern of chromosome pairing, and a few triple pairing, repeated pairing, telomer or centromere associating and multiple pairing were also observed in the pachytene cells. The metaphase I cells were mainly composed of univalents, bivalents and trivalents, as well as few of other multivalents, such as tetravalents, pentavalents, hexavalents and heptavalents, were also found in some metaphase I cells. The chromosome elements including uni-, bi-, tri- and other multivalents varied considerably among the metaphase I cells, and the associating patterns of multivalents were also diverse. Some 6 n and 12 n cells, in which premeiotic endomitosis occurred once or twice, were found at the prophase and first metaphase of meiosis, and the pairing and associating patterns were basically similar to that of the triploid cells.

Transparent and Light-Emitting Epoxy Super-Nanocomposites Containing ZnO-QDs/SiO2 Nanocomposite Particles as Encapsulating Materials for Solid-State Lighting

In this article, the ZnO quantum dots-SiO2 (Z-S) nanocomposite particles were first synthesized. Transparent Z-S/epoxy super-nanocomposites were then prepared by introducing calcined Z-S nanocomposite particles with a proper ratio of ZnO to SiO2 into a transparent epoxy matrix in terms of the filler-matrix refractive index matching principle. It was shown that the epoxy super-nanocomposites displayed intense luminescence with broad emission spectra. Moreover, the epoxy super-nanocomposites showed the interesting afterglow phenomenon with a long phosphorescence lifetime that was not observed for ZnO-QDs/epoxy nanocomposites. Finally, the transparent and light-emitting Z-S/epoxy super-nanocomposites were successfully employed as encapsulating materials for synthesis of highly bright LED lamps.

First-principles study of p-type transparent conductive oxides CuXO2 (X=Y, Sc, and Al)

Using first-principles methods we have calculated electronic structures, optical properties, and hole conductivities of CuXO2 (X=Y, Sc, and Al). We show that the direct optical band gaps of CuYO2 and CuScO2 are approximately equal to their fundamental band gaps and the conduction bands of them are localized. The direct optical band gaps of CuXO2 (X=Y, Sc, and Al) are 3.3, 3.6, and 3.2 eV, respectively, which are consistent with experimental values of 3.5, 3.7, and 3.5 eV. We find that the hole mobility along long lattice c is higher than that along other directions through calculating effective masses of the three oxides. By analyzing band offset we find that CuScO2 has the highest valence band maximum (VBM) among CuXO2 (X=Y, Sc, and Al). In addition, the approximate transitivity of band offset suggests that CuScO2 has a higher VBM than CuGaO2 and CuInO2 [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 066405 (2002)]. We conclude that CuScO2 has a higher p-type doping ability in terms of the doping limit rule. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2991157]

Combined transparent electrodes for high power GaN-based LEDs with long life time

In this paper fabrication of high power light emitting diodes (LEDs) with combined transparent electrodes on both P-GaN and N-GaN have been demonstrated. Simulation and experimental results show that comparing with traditional metal N electrodes the efficacy of LEDs with transparent N electrode is increased by more than 10% and it is easier in process than the other techniques. Further more, combining the transparent electrodes with dielectric anti-reflection film, the extraction efficiency can be improved by 5%. At the same time, the transparent electrodes were protected by the dielectric film and the reliability of LEDs can be improved.

Laser irradiation cell photothermal therapy assisted by gold nanoparticles

The strong absorption of gold nanoparticles in the visible spectral range allows the localized generation of heat in a volume of only a few tens of nanometer. The efficient conversion of strongly absorbed light by plasmonic gold nanoparticles to heat energy and their easy bioconjugation suggest that the gold nanoparticles can be used as selective photothermal agents in molecular cell targeting. The selective destruction of alkaline phosphatase, the permeabilization of the cell membrane and the selective killing of cells by laser irradiating gold nanoparticles were demonstrated. The potential of using this selective technique in molecularly targeted photothermal therapy and transfection is discussed.