Preservação e patrimônio no instituto histórico e geográfico de São Paulo (1894-1937)

O Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de São Paulo, inaugurado no ano de 1894, foi um dos mais importantes espaços de formulação ideológica das elites intelectuais paulistas, na virada do século XIX. Ao longo da primeira república, esses associados produziram um vasto e eclético conjunto de artigos, unindo, de forma bastante singular, beletrismo e erudição com os paradigmas científicos próprios de sua época. Além disso, os sócios do IHGSP, localizados em um período anterior à consolidação dos espaços acadêmicos, também discutiram aspectos da preservação do patrimônio local e regional, inserindo-os em uma lógica própria de valorização da história e da civilização bandeirante, como um modelo de ação e atuação a ser admirado e seguido por todo o país.

Reflexões e observações sobre as novas diretrizes curriculares e a sua influência na formação inicial do professor na universidade

With reference to curricular changes proposed by the CNE Resolution 1 /2002 and CNE 2/2002 on Teacher Education in Basic Education teaching degree - this study aims to analyze the new professional profile proposed in curriculum pedagogy , Physical Education , Science Biology , Mathematics , Physics and Geography . Within the curriculum guidelines was observed in a more normative articulated curriculum, focused on action-reflection- action. A guided design in practical rationality and the skills set without breaking the commitment of the public university with emancipation and quality education . Although there is this understanding we must also attend to the care that must be given to the new guidelines , based on the same reveal great concern with vocational training , with its instrumentation , with the pragmatic and utilitarian dimension of the training process . It is noteworthy that throughout the twentieth century in Brazil , where he fought for educational policies that were to solidify the construction of teacher identity , but the gains have largely remained restricted to the issue of educational reforms and a roster of disciplines , called pedagogical varnish . Therefore, this work is to deepen this thematic perspective , studying the identity of the teacher in the new curriculum design presented by undergraduate courses . Therefore , the central objective seeks to understand how the identity of teacher ( professional profile ) was presented in the proposals for teacher training , as well as the different elements that make up this identity process . Specifically if you want to ( a) identify the proposals of courses for Teachers of Primary Education , UNESP / RC - Institute of Biosciences and Geosciences and Exact Sciences - Biological Sciences , Physical Education , Physics , Geography , Mathematics and Pedagogy - the proposed profile and ( b ) analyze the fundamental knowledge that this professional listing the elements...

O ensino de história e geografia nos anos iniciais numa rede municipal de ensino: um estudo de caso

The present research aims to identify conceptions that teachers and students of the early years have in relation to the disciplines of history and geography. The site chosen for the survey was a municipal school in the city of Lençóis Paulista, in São Paulo. The work's theme was chosen after observing a minimization of the teaching of the contents of the above-mentioned disciplines at the expense of mathematical content and mother tongue. In addition, there were difficulties arising from the standardization of education , such as teaching network uses material apostilled . The survey data , together with literature review was conducted with students and teachers in the early years who participated in a semistructured interview . Authors like Callai (1999 and 2005), Cavalcanti (2005 and 1998) and Burke (1992) theoretically supports the research . They have in common a new conception of education that values the small deeds that result in major events. The student, in this view, plays an important role as a subject of social transformation. The research has favored both the analysis of the conceptions of teachers and students, assisting in reflection on teaching practices, but also led to reflect on the training of teachers. The research shows us that the type of material used and the practice adopted may impair the access of students to the language of nature and society

Tradução anotada, autor-tradutor invisível: Richard Francis Burton na Brasiliana

The aim of this paper is to analyze the translation of the work by the translator-traveller Richard Francis Burton, Explorations of the Highlands of the Brazil, with a full account of the gold and diamond mines, made by Américo Jacobina Lacombe, trying to relate the work of the latter to the editorial goals of the Brasiliana Collection. As a subseries of the Biblioteca Pedagógica Brasileira [Brazilian Pedagogical Library] published by Companhia Editora Nacional, Brasiliana was conceived in agreement with the 1930s and 1940s policies to expand lay education and make it possible for Brazilians to get to better know the greatness of their country. The paper will focus on the numerous translator’s notes, since many of them reveal Lacombe’s didactic purpose of informing readers about Brazilian history and geography. The analysis also examines the effacement of Burton’s translations from Portuguese into English in his book.

As interfaces entre linguagens audiovisuais e práticas pedagógicas em História e Geografia: experiências, possibilidades e limites no curta metragem como uma outra compreensão do local e do vivido

Specifically in the teaching practices of History and Geography notes a concern with the construction of school knowledge based on observance of categories such as 'everyday' and 'place', which emphasize a look intensively focused on the local context of the students - element (res) significance, situated in time and space, the representations and actions of individuals, the (re) defining their identities (individual and / or collective) and rights to citizenship. However, both educators in history, as in geography, should be alert to some limits of a strictly pedagogical 'localist'. When it comes to use of language technology audiovisual in line with the pedagogical existing in “PCN's” history and geography, one must keep in mind that not just resize the movie to local level (whether in the classroom or outside), or elect the 'localism' as the new panacea of a certain 'pedagogy' of audiovisual language. With the desire to promote the development of new methods of teaching history and geography is that we designed a research project. This is creating opportunity with the possibility of graduating videos reflect on the teaching of history and geography, according to the use of a new technological language and art (cinema), the association with the reality of the students (hence the site survey and urban) as well as the promotion of an active and critical dialogue with the PCNs’s recommendations.

A ocupação da terra na formação do municipio de Ourinhos-SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Regionalization of health in Brazil: an analytical perspective

This article aims to contribute to the debate on the SUS regionalization policy and the establishment of health regions in Brazil. Understanding them require to recognize the dichotomy between public health and individual health - which marks the history of Brazilian public health - and identify the different rationalities that lead this process. Such rationalities allow not only to consider the legacy of municipalization in the current regionalization process, as well as to establish links between the two fields of fundamental knowledge to the debate, epidemiology and geography. Clinical epidemiology, privileging individual health, gives basis to a healthcare model that prioritizes the optimization of resources. The recognition of health in its broader concept, in the social epidemiology, bases an attention model aimed at social determinants. With geography, functional regions can be formulated, based on Christaller's theory, or lablachianas regions which recognize the social loco / regional structure, allowing intervention in determining or conditioning the way of illness and death of populations.

Medições de áreas por fotografias aéreas, em escala nominal, comparadas com a área obtida em fotografias com escalas corrigidas por meio de um SIG

Land use management has becoming a very important activity. Aerial photo interpretation is a basic resource and constitutes in a technique which enables infinite refining. Agricultural development and land use require a careful initial planning in order not only to protect them against superficial changing provoked by natural phenomenon but also to gradually develop its productive capacity. For the efficiency of land management, it is necessary to access correct and detailed information which can be available through aerial images of remote sensing. The use of vertical aerial photography through Remote Sensing has become more common in boundary survey projects, management and exploration, mainly because it substitutes, with lots of advantage, for cartographic bases, besides offering detailed characteristics, eliminating access difficulties in inaccessible areas, as well as facilitating a tridimensional view once it increases map efficiency and accuracy by combining field and laboratory work with photography interpretation. This work, using panchromatic aerial photography in nominal scale 1:25000 (1962), 1:45000 (1977) , and approximate nominal scale of 1:30.000, originating from aerial survey obtained in 2005, aimed at showing through the Geographic Information System (GIS) the possibility of developing a more complete and accurate analysis of the area values, obtained directly from photos without scale correction, and after comparing it with area values obtained from aerial photography with correct scale referred in IGC (Brazilian Cartography and Geography Institute) guidelines, resulting in an error coefficient which shows area differences through two proposed study. Considering the aerial photography in three different years: 1962, 1977 and 2005 it is possible to affirm that the 2005’s images presented lower values of area difference (43, 48 square meters) than determined area values in reference chart and the 2005’s colored images has facilitated the photo interpretation of the landscape, becoming accurate the confronting traces and among land owners and consequently offering precision during land marking.

Inovação em design: planejamento e estratégias para um parque tecnológico na região de Bauru - SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A linguistically informed autosomal STR survey of human populations residing in the Greater Himalayan Region

The greater Himalayan region demarcates two of the most prominent linguistic phyla in Asia: Tibeto-Burman and Indo-European. Previous genetic surveys, mainly using Y-chromosome polymorphisms and/or mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms suggested a substantially reduced geneflow between populations belonging to these two phyla. These studies, however, have mainly focussed on populations residing far to the north and/or south of this mountain range, and have not been able to study geneflow patterns within the greater Himalayan region itself. We now report a detailed, linguistically informed, genetic survey of Tibeto-Burman and Indo-European speakers from the Himalayan countries Nepal and Bhutan based on autosomal microsatellite markers and compare these populations with surrounding regions. The genetic differentiation between populations within the Himalayas seems to be much higher than between populations in the neighbouring countries. We also observe a remarkable genetic differentiation between the Tibeto-Burman speaking populations on the one hand and Indo-European speaking populations on the other, suggesting that language and geography have played an equally large role in defining the genetic composition of present-day populations within the Himalayas.

The World of Indicators. The Making of Governmental Knowledge through Quantification

The twenty-first century has seen a further dramatic increase in the use of quantitative knowledge for governing social life after its explosion in the 1980s. Indicators and rankings play an increasing role in the way governmental and non-governmental organizations distribute attention, make decisions, and allocate scarce resources. Quantitative knowledge promises to be more objective and straightforward as well as more transparent and open for public debate than qualitative knowledge, thus producing more democratic decision-making. However, we know little about the social processes through which this knowledge is constituted nor its effects. Understanding how such numeric knowledge is produced and used is increasingly important as proliferating technologies of quantification alter modes of knowing in subtle and often unrecognized ways. This book explores the implications of the global multiplication of indicators as a specific technology of numeric knowledge production used in governance. Combination of insights from anthropology of law, history of science, science and technology studies, sociology of quantification, economics and geography will appeal to those who are uncomfortable with the separation between 'theoretical' and 'empirical' approaches and with the current weakness of critique that address the main trends shaping the relations between capitalism, markets, law and democracy Theoretical discussion of the nature and historical formation of quantification will appeal to those who ask questions such as, 'What is new or different about our contemporary reliance on quantitative knowledge?' Groundbreaking empirical case studies uncover the social work and politics that often go into the making of indicators and explore the far-reaching effects and impacts of these numerical representations in specific settings

Predictors of diagnostic delay among tuberculosis patients in a U.S.-Mexico border community

Delays in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis have detrimental effects on the health of the ailing patient as well as the people around him or her. These effects are magnified in highly-travelled parts of the world. Identifying factors predictive of diagnostic delay is challenging, as these vary widely by culture and geography. Predictors of delay for tuberculosis patients living in the Northeastern Mexican city of Matamoros, a binationally-transited area, have yet to be described. Using secondary analysis of a retrospective survey, this study sought to identify predictors of diagnostic delay in a sample of culture-positive tuberculosis patients in Matamoros. Sociodemographic, behavioral, and health-related factors were measured and compared. Using bivariate and step-wise regression analyses at an alpha level of 0.05, the author found the following to be statically significant predictors for this sample (R 2=0.171): prior treatment of diabetes, recurrence of tuberculosis, and having ever used cocaine. A question assessing knowledge of immunocompromised subgroups was also identified as a predictor, although its implications are unclear. Notably, the instrument did not distinguish between patient and health system delay. In summary, more research should be conducted in the Matamoros area in order to fully understand the dynamics of delayed diagnosis and its application to public health practice.^

La lectura de la ciudad a través de la literatura

El trabajo intenta acercar la mirada de la literatura hacia la ciudad. Se procura tomar esta mirada como un enfoque para poder "leer" la ciudad desde su "textualidad"; es decir, desde su recorrido para poder posicionarnos en lo que la sociedad va "escribiendo" en cada recorte espacial. Para ello, se indagó sobre la relación de la literatura con la geografía y se tomaron determinadas obras y autores, que desde la literatura han aportado miradas sobre la ciudad, la naturaleza y el paisaje. Encontramos que la literatura y los autores pueden alejarse de la mirada cotidiana y plasmar en papel la otra ciudad, la que la cotidianeidad, la vorágine y la superposición del espacio y el tiempo, nos terminan diluyendo

La organización de la tarea didáctica : La planificación

La formación en didáctica y práctica de la Geografía de los profesores en la Universidad Nacional del Sur es concebida como un proceso complejo e inacabado de construcción personal del conocimiento, en el que el ejercicio del análisis reflexivo representa la acción vertebradora. La asignatura Didáctica y Práctica de la Geografía se presenta como un saber en construcción que permite conectar la Geografía como ciencia académica con la Geografía como disciplina en la educación secundaria obligatoria, a través del enlace de los diferentes componentes que se conjugan en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje con el sustento epistemológico, nexo fundamental del proceso. Una de las finalidades formativa de la disciplina es promover mediante acciones concretas un proceso que favorezca un posicionamiento del futuro docente como "autor y protagonista" en la enseñanza de la Geografía, y no como mero aplicador o receptor de diseños y líneas de acciones pensadas por otros actores, muchos de los cuales son ajenos al ámbito del trabajo en el aula. En relación con esta aspiración, a través de diferentes propuestas didácticas se aborda, desde el tratamiento teórico y desde el ejercicio de la práctica, la importancia de diagramar contenidos geográficos para la educación secundaria. De este modo, se intenta construir y fortalecer en el alumno un pensamiento consciente y fundamentado a partir del cual sea posible tomar decisiones para organizar la tarea de enseñanza y aprendizaje