954 resultados para Peixe - Citogenética
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The objective of this work was to evaluate the hematological and parasitological responses of tambacu (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus mesopotamicus) subjected to catch-and-release stress and to different stocking densities in a catch-and-release system. Two hundred and ten fish with mean initial weight of 785.33±152.02 g and mean total length of 34.43±2.21 cm were maintained in ponds and divided into three groups: without fishing and low density (G1), with fishing and low density (G2), and with fishing and high density (G3). No significant differences were observed between the mean values for hemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte number, differential counting of leukocytes, and glucose. The fish from the G3 group showed higher parasite and thrombocyte numbers, and lower weight gain and hematocrit. The activity of catch-and-release, associated with high stocking density, can disrupt organic balance and animal performance, favoring parasitosis.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBB
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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV
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A área de estudo deste trabalho engloba as bacias hidrográficas dos rios Aguapeí e Peixe, localizadas a Oeste do Estado de São Paulo. Estas por sua vez estão vinculadas aos Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas Aguapeí e Peixe (CBH-AP). Diante da iminência da implementação da política de cobrança pelo uso dos recursos hídricos nessa área, o presente trabalho apresenta em linhas gerais o estudo da vazão específica de forma que os resultados possam contribuir com os órgãos públicos de gestão a fim de que se execute uma gestão mais efetiva dos recursos hídricos. Com base em dados hidrológicos das estações fluviométricas inventariadas através do Sistema Integrado de Gestão de Recursos Hídricos do Estado de São Paulo (SIGRH) e da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA) nas duas bacias hidrográficas, procedeu-se o estudo da vazão específica. Os resultados desses estudos apontam para uma maior variabilidade da vazão específica média na bacia hidrográfica do rio do Peixe, uma vez que ao longo da série histórica essa bacia apresenta maiores valores de vazão, foi possível também observar as mudanças no comportamento da vazão hidrológica nas duas bacias hidrográficas, ou seja, através dos três períodos hidrológicos identificados foi possível depreender que a vazão específica média em um período se mostra bem distribuída em ambas as bacias hidrográficas, em outro período hidrológico essa distribuição já se apresenta mais desigual. Tais informações possibilitam aos órgãos de gestão um planejamento mais refinado e eficiente
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The São Paulo State has as one of its main rivers the Tietê, which is an extremely important source because of its biodiversity, use in navigation and mainly as direct supplier of water for thousands of people in the region. Currently, the biodiversity of marine and freshwater ecosystems has been threatened, primarily by environmental problems resulting from the degradation of ecosystems, an example is the stretch of the Middle Tietê River, where the Barra Bonita dam (SP) focused virtually the whole load organic effluents from the metropolitan region of São Paulo, leading to eutrophication with the loss of water quality. This basin is located in the Peixe’s River, a tributary of the Barra Bonita whose sources are on the slopes of the Cuesta de Botucatu, presenting an altitudinal gradient in a good state of conservation and water quality. From another perspective, the studies related to parasites and other pathogens of aquatic organisms have considerably increased the relevance, especially those hosts with potential for growing and marketing, given the significant increase these activities in Brazil and worldwide. Among the agents responsible for diseases in fish are the myxosporean, which can cause major economic damage, with high mortality ratios. Based on the above, this study evaluated the biodiversity of myxosporean parasites of two species of fish Acestrorhynchus lacustris and Steindachnerina insculpta. During the period January to November 2012, 40 specimens of Acestrorhynchus lacustris and 33 specimens of Steindachnerina insculpta were collected from the Peoxe’s river at four different points. The necropsies were performed and all organs were analyzed looking for myxosporean. Only the species Steindachnerina insculpta had their gills parasitized by two species of the genus Henneguya
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O gênero Astyanax é um dos mais abundantes e diversificados da família Characidae (subfamília Tetragonopterinae), com mais de 100 espécies nominais, estando amplamente distribuído na bacia do Alto rio Paraná. Esse gênero é caracterizado pela similaridade quanto à forma do corpo, além da alta variabilidade citogenética intra e interpopulações, sendo comum a ocorrência de espécies crípticas ou complexos de espécies. Devido à escassez de dados sobre genética molecular referentes a esse gênero, e a dificuldade na identificação taxonômica, fazse necessário um estudo utilizando marcadores moleculares que visem desenvolver métodos rápidos e eficientes para caracterização de espécies de Astyanax com base em análises de DNA. Em vista dessa necessidade, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência da técnica de PCR-RFLP do gene mitocondrial Citocromo b na identificação e caracterização da variabilidade genética de cinco espécies do gênero Astyanax que ocorrem na bacia do Alto rio Paraná. O mtDNA das espécies alvo foi totalmente amplificado, num total de cerca de 1140 pares de bases (pb). As análises foram obtidas através dos haplótipos gerados com a digestão por três enzimas de restrição que clivam estes genes, sendo estas ALUI, BAMHI, e HPAII. Foram analisadas 2 populações de Astyanax paranae, A. altiparanae, A. fasciatus, A. bockmanni, e uma população de A. biotae, com amostragens variando entre 5 e 10 indivíduos de cada população. Como grupo externo foram analisadas duas populações de Astyanax ribeirae da bacia hidrográfica do rio Ribeira de Iguape. Ao final do trabalho foi possível a identificação de 4 das 6 espécies analisadas, sendo que as espécies mais divergentes são A. altiparanae e A. ribeirae, as espécies A. paranae + A. bockmanni e A. fasciatus + A. ribeirae são as mais fortemente relacionadas...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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The present study aimed to cytogenetic analysis and structural and molecular level of four fish species of the genus Trichomycterus: T. diabolus, T. iheringi, T. zonatus and T. cf. mimonha collected in different river basins in Brazil. Techniques were used for classical cytogenetic (Giemsa, Silver nitrate impregnation, C-banding) and molecular with the chromosomal location of genes for 18S and 5S rDNA. All individuals examined had a diploid number 54 chromosomes and karyotype consisting of types of metacentric, submetacentric and subtelocentric. The constitutive heterochromatin identified by C-banding was observed in two small blocks in the karyotype of T. diabolus and large blocks of centromeric several pairs in chromosomal karyotypes of T. iheringi, T. zonatus and T. cf. mimonha. The Silver nitrate impregnation and hybridization with 18S rDNA probe revealed the existence of only a couple carryng nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) on the species T. diabolus, T. iheringi and T. cf mimonha, and two pairs carrying 18S rDNA in T. zonatus. The 5S rDNA was observed in interstitial position 6 of the pair in T. iheringi, the synteny with the two pair in 18S rDNA of T.diabolus in pericentromeric position of and two pairs submetacentric, one being also a case of synteny with the 18S rDNA in T. zonatus and T. cf. mimonha, this rDNA was located in the pairs 3, 18 and 25, and synteny in the 18S rDNA pair 18. Although representatives of these four species Trichomycterus present diploid number and karyotypic formula preserved, three is specific about the distribuition patterns of heterochromatin and location of rDNA sequences, indicating that chromosomal differentiation events in this group of fish are acting directly on these genomic portions
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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This work presents procedures for getting data to estimate grant flow by means of statistical and hydrological methods, acquired during the graduate course, of some streams in the watersheds of Aguapeí and Peixe rivers, in order to make available this data set to Sao Paulo State water and electrical energy department – DAEE and to the Committees of Aguapeí and Peixe watersheds. This study was performed using discharge data and the were a selection process to identify some faults in the historical series. Finally it was calculated the 7-day moving averages, Q7 and some characteristics discharges like Q90 and Q95. Taking into account the average discharge en seven days in a 10-year recurrence interval, it was estimated the grant flow of some streams. Data were generated for six posts inside the Aguapei and Peixe watersheds
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In the present work we performed molecular cytogenetic studies in two different populations of Astyanax bockmanni from streams of Botucatu, SP: one from Capivara river, on Tietê river basin and one from Água da Madalena river, on Paranapanema river basin. The results showed that the population of Astyanax bockmanni from Capivara river have a diploid number of 50 chromosomes, with karyotype consisting of 8 methacentric, 14 submethacentric, 12 subtelocentric and 16 acrocentric, while the individuals of the population from Água da Madalena river have 50 diploid chromosomes but with karyotype organized in 8 metacentric, 14 submetacentric, 16 subtelocentric and 12 acrocentric. Also, the rDNA 18s sequences are widely dispersed throughout the genome of two populations, with intra and interindividual variations. On the other hand, the sequences for rDNA 5S and Histone H1 remained chromosomally conserved in these two samples and sites located in pairs 2 and 19 (rDNA 5S) and the pairs 2 and 15 (Histone H1). The low dispersion of structural genes and a functional dynamic independence between sequences of rDNA 5S and rDNA 18S may be related to the process of karyotype maintenance and differentiation in these populations of Astyanax bockmanni
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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There are cardiopathies that acometem the dogs, being able this being congenital or acquired and lately have grown the number of cases due to the increase of the life expectancy of these animals becoming each time more necessary prevention methods. In recent years innumerable research is being carried through to understand the influence of the fish oil in the cardiopathies. The fish oil ingestion, Omega 3, has shown beneficial effect in the prevention of cardiovascular illnesses in such a way in the men as in the animals. Such effect this related to the presence of acid greasy polyunsaturateds n-3, mainly acid the eicosapentaenóico (EPA) and acid the docosahexaenóico (DHA). These substances can be found in foods as marine cold water fish (salmon, tuna, sardine and Trout), hemp seeds and soy. The present study, therefore, it has as objective to carry through an update on the use of the fish oil in the treatment of cardiopathies in dogs
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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas) - FCAV