A new Pennsylvanian Oriocrassatellinae from Brazil and the distribution of the genus Oriocrassatella in space and time

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fine structure of lamellated nerve endings in the gingiva of man and the Cebus apella monkey

Gingival mucosae of man and the adult Cebus apella monkey were fixed for 3 hr in modified Karnovsky fixative containing 2.5% glutaraldehyde, 2% formaldehyde in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH=7.4). The specimens were postfixed in 1% osmium tetroxide in 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer at 4°C for 2 hr, dehydrated in a graded alcohol series and embedded in Epon 812. Thick sections of 1-3 μm and ultrathin sections of 40-80 nm in thickness were cut with glass knives on an LKB ultramicrotome. The thick sections were stained with toluidine blue solution, and the grids were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and examined under a Philips EM-301 electron microscope. Our observations permitted us to conclude that: both gingival mucosae, of man and the Cebus apella monkey, have lamellar nerve endings; these corpuscles are localized in the papillar space of the epithelium and do not contact closely with the basement membrane; the nerve endings are composed of an afferent fiber which subdivides several times and forms irregular flattened or discoidal expansions; the laminae of the lamellar cells are very thin near the terminal axon and are larger and irregular in shape at the peripheral portion of the corpuscle; the terminal axon shows abundant mitochondria, myelin figures, clear vesicles, and multivesicular bodies; between the axoplasm membrane and adjacent cytoplasmic lamina and between the lamellae, small desmosome type junctions are noted; and the cytoplasmic material of the lamellae cells is characterized by the presence of numerous microfilaments, microtubules, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum, and caveolae.

Combined characterisation of GOME and TOMS total ozone measurements from space using ground-based observations from the NDSC

Several years of total ozone measured from space by the ERS-2 GOME, the Earth Probe TOMS, and the ADEOS TOMS, are compared with high-quality ground-based observations associated with the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC), over an extended latitude range and a variety of geophysical conditions. The comparisons with each spaceborne sensor are combined altogether for investigating their respective solar zenith angle (SZA) dependence, dispersion, and difference of sensitivity. The space- and ground-based data are found to agree within a few percent on average. However, the analysis highlights for both GOME and TOMS several sources of discrepancies: (i) a SZA dependence with TOMS beyond 80° SZA; (ii) a seasonal SZA dependence with GOME beyond 70° SZA; (iii) a difference of sensitivity with GOME at high latitudes; (iv) a difference of sensitivity to low ozone values between satellite and SAOZ sensors around the southern tropics; (v) a north/south difference of TOMS with the ground-based observations; and (vi) internal inconsistencies in GOME total ozone. © 2001 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Gravitational energy of Kerr and Kerr anti-de Sitter space-times in the teleparallel geometry

In the context of the hamiltonian formulation of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity we compute the gravitational energy of Kerr and Kerr Anti-de Sitter (Kerr-AdS) space-times. The present calculation is carried out by means of an expression for the energy of the gravitational field that naturally arises from the integral form of the constraint equations of the formalism. In each case, the energy is exactly computed for finite and arbitrary spacelike two-spheres, without any restriction on the metric parameters. In particular, we evaluate the energy at the outer event horizon of the black holes. © SISSA/ISAS 2003.

Electromagnetic form factor of the pion in the space- and time-like regions within the front-form dynamics

The pion electromagnetic form factor is calculated in the space- and time-like regions from -10 (GeV/c)2 up to 10 (GeV/c)2, within a front-form model. The dressed photon vertex where a photon decays in a quark-antiquark pair is depicted generalizing the vector meson dominance ansatz, by means of the vector meson vertex functions. An important feature of our model is the description of the on-mass-shell vertex functions in the valence sector, for the pion and the vector mesons, through the front-form wave functions obtained within a realistic quark model. The theoretical results show an excellent agreement with the data in the space-like region, while in the time-like region the description is quite encouraging. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A comparison of human and porcine acellular dermal tissues in the subcutaneous space of a rat model

The study compared the host response to a human and a porcine acellular dermal tissue implanted in the subcutaneous space of a rat model. The human and porcine acellular grafts were surgically implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats (5 rats/group) and the materials were evaluated at 7, 15, 30, 60 and 180 postoperative days (PO). The histological immune response was quantified using a digital image analysis system, which evaluated the number of vessels present in the implants and in the surrounding soft tissue, the area of inflammatory cell infiltration in the grafts, the width of the capsular formation present around the tissues and the area of implants absorbed. The data were submitted to statistical analysis. Light microscopy showed mononuclear cellular infiltration, the presence of a capsular formation surrounding the grafts and the presence of vacuolar structures (optically empty spaces) inside the implants. The image analysis comparing both materials showed significant inflammatory cells in the human graft at 15 and 30 PO, thicker capsular formation in the porcine tissue at 60 PO, increased number of vessels inside the implants and in the surrounding tissues in the porcine graft and a similar absorption pattern in both materials at 180 PO. The histological findings showed that both tissues were well-tolerated when implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats, allowing us to consider the porcine acellular dermal graft as a provisional alternative material for reconstructive plastic surgery. Copyright © 2005 Taylor & Francis LLC.

Study of the potential of irregular shaped bodies and orbits around a non-spherical body

In the present work we show the expressions of the gravitational potential of homogeneous bodies with non-spherical three-dimensional shapes in order to study the trajectories around these bodies. The potentials of a prolate and an oblate ellipsoids with different values of semi-major axis are presented. Their results are validated with a test using a spherical body in order to guarantee the approximation of any body as a polyhedral model of the body. With these expressions we study trajectories of a point of mass around the three-dimensional bodies and the results indicated that there is a group of orbits around those bodies and the polyhedral form of the object does work very well. Copyright IAF/IAA. All rights reserved.

Strategies to reduce the number of variables and the combinatorial search space of the multistage transmission expansion planning problem

This paper proposes strategies to reduce the number of variables and the combinatorial search space of the multistage transmission expansion planning problem (TEP). The concept of the binary numeral system (BNS) is used to reduce the number of binary and continuous variables related to the candidate transmission lines and network constraints that are connected with them. The construction phase of greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP-CP) and additional constraints, obtained from power flow equilibrium in an electric power system are employed for more reduction in search space. The multistage TEP problem is modeled like a mixed binary linear programming problem and solved using a commercial solver with a low computational time. The results of one test system and two real systems are presented in order to show the efficiency of the proposed solution technique. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

Action taken on CDCC resolutions and review of resolutions of ECLAC and other United Nations bodies which may have implications for CDCC

Includes bibliography

Action taken on CDCC resolutions and resolutions of ECLAC and other United Nations bodies with implications for CDCC: resolutions and decisions of ECLAC, ECOSOC and the UN General Assembly with implications for CDCC

Revisa las acciones tomadas en relacion con las resoluciones del CDCC y aquellas de la CEPAL, ECOSOC y Asamblea General, con implicancias para el CDCC.

Action taken on CDCC resolutions and resolutions of ECLAC and other United Nations bodies with implications for CDCC = Actions relatives aux résolutions du CDCC de la CEPALC et d'autres organismes des Nations Unies ayant des incidences sur le CDCC

Revisa las acciones seguidas en relacion con resoluciones del CDCC, la CEPAL y otros organismos de Naciones Unidas, con repercusiones para el CDCC.

Action taken on CDCC resolutions and those of ECLAC and other United Nations bodies

Includes bibliography

Declaración conjunta de organismos del sistema de las Naciones Unidas y otras organizaciones intergubernamentales sobre políticas relativas a la juventud en América Latina y el Caribe = Joint declaration of United Nations bodies and other intergovernmental organizations on policies relating to youth in Latin America and the Caribbean

Incluye Bibliografía

Fiscal Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean 2015: Policy space and dilemmas. Executive Summary

The present document provides an up-to-date overview of public debt and fiscal space in the region. The main conclusions show that public debt levels are low in Latin America and high in the Caribbean. Overall, the region has enough fiscal space to apply countercyclical policies and boost production development and the fiscal management of non-renewable natural resources needs to be modernized. It explains that fiscal policy has a very limited impact on the distribution of disposable income and in a volatile macroeconomic environment, reforms should aim to strengthen personal income tax.