Reproductive morphology in Mediterranean Seirospora giraudyi (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta)

This paper presents a detailed description of the reproductive characters of Mediterranean Seirospora giraudyi based on fresh material collected in the northwestern coast of Spain. Vegetative cells are uninucleate. The plant is monoecious. Spermantangial parent’s cells are clustered on modified dwarf determinate filaments, usually situated on adaxial surfaces of branches. One to four spermatia are formed by elongation and proximal divisions of the spermatangial parent cells. Spermatium with a nucleus situated ina mec. The thallus is procarpic. The four-celled carpogonial branch is initially L-shaped, and it is situated on a periaxial supporting fertile axial cell. The mature carpogonial branch is U-shaped and the supporting cell and second periaxial cell enlarge and divide transversely to reproduce a pair uninicleate auxiliary cell. The nucleus in the ferlilized carpogonium divides twice and the carpogonium cleaves vertically into two cells that, turn, cut off a pair of uninucleate connecting cells that fuse with the auxiliary cells on opposite sides; the diploid nuclei in the connecting cells divide at the site of fusion and one of the nuclei enters the auxiliary cell white the other is extruded. Each auxiliary cell gives to a terminal primary gonimolobe initials. Gonimolobes form lax chains of carposporangia. As the gonimoblasts mature, both lobes of the foot cell which is situated on the supporting cell elongate the upper one secondary connecting with the supporting cell, and the lower one with the fertile axial cell. The gonimoblasts are subtended at maturity by one to several clusters of involucral flaments. Seirospora is currently placed in the tribe Euptiloteae; however the reproductive character of S.giraudyi is dentical to those described for the Cañllithamnieae. Molecular studies are needed to confirm the taxonomic position of S.giraudyi as well as that of the other species placed Seirospora

Euphorbia pedroi Molero and Rovira, sp. nov. (Sect. Balsamis, Euphorbiaceae).

Se describe la nueva especie Euphorbia pedroi Molero and Rovira

Phylogenetic relationships of the newly discovered sexual state of Talaromyces flavovirens, comb. nov.

Typical Talaromyces ascomata were observed on dry Quercus suber leaf litter amongst the characteristic synnemata of Penicillium aureocephalum, and they appear to represent the sexual state of the latter species. The species is a synonym of the older Lasioderma flavovirens, and we propose the new combination Talaromyces flavovirens. Lectotype and epitype specimens are designated for this name. The defining characters of the asexual state include yellow, short-stalked, mycetozoan-like synnemata with an unusual, almost closed terminal head of penicillate conidiophores intermixed with sinuous hyphae, and dark green conidia. Ascomata could not be induced in culture, but PCR amplifications of mating-type genes indicate the species is heterothallic. In nature, ascocarp initials appear to be antheridia coiled around clavate ascogonia, similar to those of T. flavus, and the thick-walled, spiny ascospores are also similar to those of T. flavus. ITS barcodes and β-tubulin sequences place T. flavovirens in a clade with T. apiculatus, T. flavus, T. funiculosus, T. galapagensis, T. pinophilus, T. macrosporus, and seven other species.

Bartonella apis sp. nov., a honey bee gut symbiont of the class Alphaproteobacteria.

Here, we report the culture and characterization of an alphaproteobacterium of the order Rhizobiales, isolated from the gut of the honey bee Apis mellifera. Strain PEB0122T shares >95 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with species of the genus Bartonella, a group of mammalian pathogens transmitted by bloodsucking arthropods. Phylogenetic analyses showed that PEB0122T and related strains from the honey bee gut form a sister clade of the genus Bartonella. Optimal growth of strain PEB0122T was obtained on solid media supplemented with defibrinated sheep blood under microaerophilic conditions at 35-37 °C, which is consistent with the cultural characteristics of other species of the genus Bartonella. Reduced growth of strain PEB0122T also occurred under aerobic conditions. The rod-shaped cells of strain PEB0122T had a mean length of 1.2-1.8 μm and revealed hairy surface structures. Strain PEB0122T was positive for catalase, cytochrome c oxidase, urease and nitrate reductase. The fatty acid composition was comparable to those of other species of the genus Bartonella, with palmitic acid (C16 : 0) and isomers of 18- and 19-carbon chains being the most abundant. The genomic DNA G+C content of PEB0122T was determined to be about 45.5 mol%. The high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with species of Bartonella and its close phylogenetic position suggest that strain PEB0122T represents a novel species within the genus Bartonella, for which we propose the name Bartonella apis sp. nov. The type strain is PEB0122T ( = NCIMB 14961T = DSM 29779T).

Sesquiterpenos das algas marinhas Laurencia Lamouroux (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) 1: Significado ecológico

The present work is a revision on the ecological significance of the production of sesquiterpenes by the marine algae of the genus Laurencia (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta).

4-(hidroximetil)-benzenossulfonato de potássio: metabólito inédito isolado da alga marinha Bostrychia tenella (Rhodomelaceae, ceramiales)

Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane/methanol extract of the marine alga Bostrychia tenella has led to the isolation of two aromatic compounds, the new sulfate metabolite potassium 4-(hydroxymethyl)-benzenosulfonate (1) and the compound 1-methoxyphenethyl alcohol (2), described previously as a synthetic product. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods including NMR, MS, IR and by comparison with literature data.

Uma ferrugem, causada por Phakopsora tomentosae sp. nov., em oiti , em Manaus

Relata-se a ocorrência de um fungo de ferrugem em mudas e árvores de oiti (Licania tomentosa) em Manaus, AM. Os sintomas de queima de brotações, terminais de ramos, limbos novos e lesões necróticas em limbos maduros ou velhos foram relacionados à fase de uredínia, cujas pústulas, anfígenas, tinham tonalidade amarelada passando a esbranquiçadas. Crostas marrom-claras a escuras, correspondentes à fase de télia, foram freqüentemente observadas próximas à periferia das lesões necróticas, na superfície abaxial de limbos maduros ou velhos. O agente causal foi descrito como Phakopsra tomentosae.

Mycovellosiella robbsii sp. nov. causing leaf-spot on Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia

This is a description of the new species Mycovellosiella robsii, a cercosporoidal hyphomycete, associated with leaf spots on Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia, an important hedge plant with multiple uses in Brazil. The new species was compared to other cercosporoid species associated with plants of the genus Mimosa and other species of the genus Mycovellosiella described on legumes, and is recognized as a distinct taxon. Koch's postulates were carried out and the disease was reproduced by inoculating healthy plants with mycelial suspension or disk, confirming the pathogenicity. This is the first report of a fungal disease on this host.

Hypocrea stromatica sp. nov. teleomorfo de Trichoderma stromaticum

Trichoderma stromaticum é um fungo antagonista a Crinipellis perniciosa, agente causal da vassoura-de-bruxa do cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao). Estromas periteciais de Hypocrea sp. formaram-se sobre a superfície de frutos mumificados e vassouras secas de cacaueiros em áreas onde T. stromaticum tinha sido pulverizado, experimentalmente, no controle biológico de C. perniciosa. Ascósporos obtidos dos estromas de Hypocrea sp. originaram colônias idênticas às de T. stromaticum. DNA genômico de colônias provenientes de ascósporos desta Hypocrea sp., de conídios de T. stromaticum e de Fusarium sp. (controle negativo) foi extraído e amplificado com oito "primers" decâmeros para obtenção de marcadores RAPD. Observaram-se similaridades genéticas de 0,82 a 0,96 entre os isolados ascospóricos e conidiais com base nos marcadores RAPD e de 0,06 a 0,09 entre estes e o isolado de Fusarium sp. O teleomorfo de T. stromaticum é denominado H. stromatica Bezerra, Costa & Bastos sp. nov.

Espécies de Uromyces em leguminosas do Cerrado com descrição de U. galactiae sp. nov.

Foram estudadas cinco espécies de Uromyces sobre Bauhinia spp. e uma espécie nova em Galactia peduncularis. Uromyces bauhiniae foi encontrada pela primeira vez sobre B. holophylla, onde somente Uromyces floralis havia sido descrita. Uromyces floralis foi estudada sobre B. curvula, hospedeiro inédito no Brasil para esta espécie. Uromyces foveolatus, comum em B. acuruana var. nitida, no cerrado do Mato Grosso e U. goyazensis sobre B. dumosa var. viscidula foram encontradas somente na fase telial em todas as exsicatas examinadas. Uromyces viegasii foi estudada em B. forficata. Uromyces galactiae sp. nov. é o primeiro fungo fitopatogênico associado ao gênero Galactia.

Dissertatio academica, de Alandia, Maris Baltici insula, cujus partem posteriorem, consensu ampliss. facultatis philosoph. in Reg. Acad. Upsal. praeside ... mag. Petro Ekerman, ... Ad publicum examen, pro gradu, modeste defert alumnus regius, Christophorus Tärnström, Uplandus, ... In auditor. Carol. majori die XXVII. Nov. MDCCXLV. Horis ante meridiem solitis

Dedicated to: Jacobus Benzelius, Theodorus Ankarcrona, Matthias Grunerus, Olaus Thorin, Andreas Backman, Martinus Jonae Friberg, Carolus Gustavus Hallman, Andreas Sylvanus, Daniel P. Mansnerus, Daniel Lindqvist.

Some Delesseriaceae (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) new to the southwestern Atlantic

Up to now 18 species of Delesseriaceae have been referred to the Brazilian coast, nine of which belong to the subfamily Delesserioideae. Here we report for the first time the occurrence of Apoglossum gregarium (Dawson) Wynne, Branchioglossum minutum Schneider and Hypoglossum anomalum Wynne & Ballantine collected by SCUBA diving on islands of the south and southeastern coast of Brazil. This report is an indication that the subtidal has been undersampled on the southwestern Atlantic.

Morphology, reproduction and development of Hypoglossum hypoglossoides (Stackhouse) Collins & Hervey (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) from the south and southeastern Brazilian coast

Hypoglossum hypoglossoides (Stackhouse) Collins & Hervey is reported for the first time from the infralittoral of São Paulo and Santa Catarina states. The species was already reported to the states of Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo and Bahia as Hypoglossum tenuifolium (Harvey) J. Agardh var. carolinianum Williams. A detailed description of the morphology and reproduction is given based on field-collected material. Unialgal cultures were initiated from tetraspore germination, and growth rates of gametophytes were determined under different conditions of temperature, photoperiod and irradiance. Gametophytes grew well between 15 to 30 ºC, 14L:10D and 10L:14D photoperiods and irradiance from 20 to 120 µmol photons.m-2.s-1, but presented low percentage of fertile plants in low temperature (15 ºC). Gametophytes cultured in laboratory developed only male reproductive structures. Physiological responses of H. hypoglossoides indicate that the species is well adapted to temperature and light variations which could explain its range of vertical (6-26 m depth) and latitudinal distribution (from Fernando de Noronha to Santa Catarina) as well as the absence of sexual reproduction in the southern limit of its distribution.

Reavaliação das características morfológicas e suas implicações taxonômicas no gênero Polysiphonia sensu lato (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) do litoral dos Estados de São Paulo e Espírito Santo, Brasil

O gênero Polysiphonia Grev. tem uma circunscrição ampla e é heterogêneo em características vegetativas e reprodutivas. O presente trabalho visa o estudo detalhado e a reavaliação das espécies de Polysiphonia sensu lato que ocorrem nos Estados do Espírito Santo e São Paulo, tendo em vista os critérios taxonômicos recentes, que levaram à subdivisão do gêneroem Polysiphonia e Neosiphonia M.-S. Kim & I.K. Lee. Neste trabalho, são estudadas cinco espécies de Polysiphonia e seis espécies de Neosiphonia, sendo que Neosiphonia ferulacea (Suhr ex J. Agardh) S.M. Guim. & M.T. Fujii, N. gorgoniae (Harv.) S.M. Guim. & M.T. Fujii e N. tepida (Hollenb.) S.M. Guim. & M.T. Fujii são propostas como combinações novas. Neosiphonia harveyi (Bailey) M.-S. Kim, H.-G. Choi, Guiry & G.W. Saunders é referida pela primeira vez para o Atlântico Sul, representando uma ocorrência incomum, por ser integrante da flora temperada fria do Atlântico Norte, enquanto as demais espécies de Polysiphonia sensu lato descritas para o Brasil estão relacionadas a condições tropicais e subtropicais.

Sulfated bromophenols from Osmundaria obtusiloba (C. Agardh) R. E. Norris (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales)

Two new sulfated oligobromophenols from the marine red algae Osmundaria obtusiloba, 4-(1'-potassium sulfate, 2,3-dibromo, 1',4,5-trihydroxybenzyl) - 4''-(1'''-potassium sulfate, 2'',3''-dibromo, 1''',4'',5''-trihydroxybenzyl) sulfate and 1'-(2, 3-dibromo, 4-potassium sulfate, 1', 4, 5-trihydroxybenzyl) - 4''-(1''' potassium sulfate, 2'', 3''-dibromo, 1''', 4'', 5'' trihydroxybenzyl) sulfate, are herein reported. Besides them it was obtained 2, 2', 3, 3'-tetrabromo-4, 4', 5, 5'-tetrahydroxydiphenylmethane, 2, 3-dibromo-p-hydroxybenzyl methyl ether (methyl lanosol), dipotassium 2,3-dibromo-5-hydroxybenzyl 1',4-disulfate, 24-methylenecolest-5-en-3-beta-ol and alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->2')-glycerate (digeneaside). The structures were determined by analysis of the spectroscopic data (IR, NMR and MS) and comparison with the literature. The 13CNMR data for dipotassium 2,3-dibromo-5hydroxybenzyl-1',4-disulfate are described here for the first time. The present study also suggests a mild method to isolate and to purify sulfated compounds.