Ayuda memoria (6): nombre de hojas de trabajo, formatos de visualización en pantalla e impresión y clasificación de los menúes mini-micro CDS

Tiene por objetivo facilitar al personal de las unidades de información de la Red IPALCA la realización de funciones utilizando el Mini-Micro CDS/ISIS.

Ayuda memoria (8): instalación del mini-micro CDS

Contiene el procedimiento de instalación del Microisis modificado y del Sistema de Información Bibliográfica de CEPAL para la Red IPALCA.

Guía para la preparación de la hoja de control de ingreso de documentos (HCID): procedimiento de ingreso directo en el sistema mini-micro CDS

Incluye Bibliografía

Ayuda memoria (9): explicación (en inglés) de formatos de despliegue del mini-micro CDS

Explica literales y comandos para espaciador horizontal y vertical y otros de los formatos de despliegue del mini-micro CDS/ISIS.

Ayuda memoria (10): traspaso de una base de datos en mini-micro CDS

Contiene ayuda memoria para la exportación de una base, creación de archivo PAR, creación de subdirectorio y copia de archivos para lo cual se requiere tener instalado el Mini Micro ISIS versión 1.0 y 2.3 Red IPALCA.

Ayuda memoria (4): símbolos (operadores) utilizados en búsquedas de información utilizando el programa mini-micro CDS

Presenta los símbolos que se utilizan en la búsqueda de información en una base de datos, tanto las realizadas en el archivo invertido, como en búsquedas libres en el texto, con la indicación de la operación que cumplen y un ejemplo de uso.

Guía para trabajar con el mini-micro CDS

Incluye Bibliografía

El potencial hidroeléctrico de América Latina = Latin America's hydroelectric potential

Incluye Bibliografía

Mini Nutritional Assessment predicts gait status and mortality 6 months after hip fracture.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) 2002 and the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Score (ASA) as predictors of gait status and mortality 6 months after hip fracture. A total of eighty-eight consecutive patients over the age of 65 years with hip fracture admitted to an orthopaedic unit were prospectively evaluated. Within the first 72 h of admission, each patient's characteristics were recorded, and the MNA, the NRS 2002 and the ASA were performed. Gait status and mortality were evaluated 6 months after hip fracture. Of the total patients, two were excluded because of pathological fractures. The remaining eighty-six patients (aged 80·2 (sd 7·3) years) were studied. Among these patients 76·7 % were female, 69·8 % walked with or without support and 12·8 % died 6 months after the fracture. In a multivariate analysis, only the MNA was associated with gait status 6 months after hip fracture (OR 0·773, 95 % CI 0·663, 0·901; P= 0·001). In the Cox regression model, only the MNA was associated with mortality 6 months after hip fracture (hazard ratio 0·869, 95 % CI 0·757, 0·998; P= 0·04). In conclusion, the MNA best predicts gait status and mortality 6 months after hip fracture. These results suggest that the MNA should be included in the clinical stratification of patients with hip fracture to identify and treat malnutrition in order to improve the outcomes.

Laparoscopic adhesiolysis in a mini pony

Background: Intraperitoneal adhesions are common in equines, especially following exploratory celiotomy. Adhesiolysis is the treatment of choice for patients presenting postsurgical adhesions. Laparoscopic approach for adhesiolysis presents several advantageous aspects in human patients. The aim of the current study was to report a case of successful laparoscopic adhesiolysis in a mini pony horse. Case: A male Shetland Pony, weighing 140 kg, was admitted under complaint of right hind limb trauma and treated surgically for metatarsal fracture reduction. The patient has also had intermittent episodes of colic and was always treated clinically without major complications. The pony had no history of previous abdominal surgery and no episodes of acute abdomen were seen during hospital stay. Three months following ostheosynthesis, an exploratory laparoscopic approach was carried out to assess the possible cause or consequences of the episodes of acute abdomen. The patient was submitted to general anesthesia, positioned in dorsal recumbency and the abdomen was clipped and aseptically prepared for surgery. During the laparoscopic inspection, there were adhesions involving the ventral abdominal wall and a ventral mesogastric segment of duodenum. Laparoscopic adhesiolysis was performed using a two-port approach, by gently breaking the adhesion bands using meticulous traction with a 10-mm laparoscopic atraumatic Babcock forceps. Afterwards, the intestinal loop was rinsed with heparin sodium solution diluted in normal saline. The pneumoperitoneum was completely drained and the trocars sequentially withdrawn from the abdominal wall. The synthesis of the muscular layer was carried out using an interrupted cross mattress pattern, followed by synthesis of the skin with an interrupted cushion pattern. Total surgical time was 58 min. the patient was able to recover without complications. In the early postoperative period, the surgical recovery was considered excellent. No apparent adhesion involving the previously affected intestinal loop was found during the ultrasound exam following 15 days of surgery. Furthermore, the surgical wounds had healed completely, with no complications. Discussion: In the current case report, the primary cause of the acute abdomen episodes was not determined since the patient had never undergone abdominal surgery. It was hypothesized that an acute inflammation of the duodenal loop that was involved by the adhesion bands may have triggered the adhesiogenesis. Laparoscopy was efficient and presented a short operative time, due to magnification of image and adequate observation of structures surrounded by adhesion bands. Although the use of Babcock forceps is not usually recommended for adhesiolysis in the current literature, it was both effective in manipulating the bowel and performing the adhesiolysis. The heparin solution diluted in normal saline was effective in preventing the recurrence of new adhesions, which was evidenced by ultrasonography following 15 days. The laparoscopic approach usually minimizes the new formation of adhesions as trauma to the peritoneal surfaces is minimized by the use of delicate instruments, as observed in the current study. In addition, laparoscopy reduces the possibility of contact among the peritoneal surfaces and foreign bodies, such as gauze, glove powder and room air particles. Moreover, it maintains the abdominal surfaces in adequate humidity environment.

Stocking density of Nile tilapia in cages placed in a hydroelectric reservoir

The Brazilian government has been encouraging fish farming in cages in federal water bodies, including hydroelectric reservoirs. Despite the government support, it is a new activity and the production model still needs some adjustment to reduce the production costs and achieve sustainability. The aims of this study were to determine the appropriate stocking density of Nile tilapia in cages in a hydroelectric reservoir and to evaluate to what extent fish size selection could improve their uniformity. Twelve cages (6m3) were placed at the Fish Farmers' Cooperative of Santa Fé do Sul and Region, Ilha Solteira reservoir, São Paulo, Brazil (20°12'10″S, 50°58'31.15″W). In stage I (initial fish weight, 78g), four stocking densities were tested: D1-800, D2-2000, D3-2500 and D4-3000 fish/cage, with three replicates. At the end of this stage (average fish weight, 255g), the fish were selected into three sizes, except for D1. In stage II, four stocking densities were tested, designed to obtain the following final production: D1-100kg/m3 (800 non-selected fish/cage), D2-80kg/m3 (600 fish/cage), D3-100kg/m3 (800 fish/cage) and D4-120kg/m3 (900 fish/cage). The trial ended when the fish weighed 800g. By reducing the initial stocking density from 2500 to 800 tilapia juveniles per cage, there was no need for selection. The growth performance was higher, the feed conversion rate was better and the time taken to reach harvesting was shorter. Consequently, the production cost reduced and the operating profit increased. Using the lowest initial stocking density, the risk of disease outbreak was also lower, and there was no need to use drugs for disease control since the mortality rate and occurrences of disease and deformity decreased and the dissolved oxygen level inside the cages was higher. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Economic aspects of combining thermal and hydroelectric plants

Includes bibliography

Methods for the evaluation of hydroelectric potential

Includes bibliography