A evolução técnica e orgânica das Unidades de Manobra de Cavalaria no pós-Guerra Fria (1993-2015)

A Guerra e os Exércitos que nela tomam parte, nunca se mantiveram como imutáveis ao longo de séculos de História Militar. Analisando os últimos 22 anos, verifica-se que existiram alterações vividas no contexto Político-Militar Internacional que, por sua vez, repercutiram-se e moldaram a conjetura nacional. São diversas as modificações reproduzindo-se em diversos níveis das estruturas Militares e, consequentemente, afetando a Arma de Cavalaria, também ela marcadamente alvo de alterações. Com o intuito de estudar parte dessas mesmas alterações, surge o presente relatório subordinando-se ao tema A evolução Técnica e Orgânica das Unidades de Manobra de Cavalaria no pós-Guerra Fria (1993-2015), enquadrado no Mestrado em Cavalaria ministrado pela Academia Militar. Com a elaboração do presente relatório, pretende-se concorrer para identificar uma parte relevante das alterações sofridas pelas Unidades de Manobra de Cavalaria, aos níveis técnico e orgânico, desde o fim da Guerra Fria até à atualidade. Com vista a alcançar este objetivo, numa abordagem dedutiva estudam-se as Unidades de Manobra da Cavalaria do Escalão Grupo até ao Escalão Pelotão e compara-se a sua evolução nos últimos 22 anos, mediante duas variáveis distintas. A primeira ao nível Orgânico, onde são abordados itens como a Composição Esquemática e o número de Efetivos explanados nos Quadros Orgânicos das respetivas Unidades. A segunda variável ao nível dos Principais Sistemas de Armas que equiparam e equipam as Unidades em estudo. Nesta variável são estudados itens como a Mobilidade e o Poder de Fogo desses mesmos Sistemas de Armas. No sentido de operacionalizar a comparação acima referida foi empregue o Método de Procedimento Comparativo, numa abordagem Mista, onde são utilizados dados recolhidos através de Análise Documental e de Pesquisa Bibliográfica. O Relatório inicia-se com um breve Quadro Conceptual, apresentando-se de seguida uma síntese relativa ao contexto Político-Militar Internacional vivido na Guerra Fria e Pós-Guerra Fria. Posteriormente, são apresentadas as Unidades de Manobra de Cavalaria e todos os resultados referentes à pesquisa. Fruto da análise feita, são várias as conclusões que foram sendo determinadas. Com respeito à Orgânica, conclui-se que existiram alterações significativas aos Quadros Orgânicos nos anos de 1993, 2006, 2009 e 2015. Neste âmbito, destacam-se ao Escalão Grupo a extinção do Grupo de Auto Metralhadoras e a criação do Grupo de Reconhecimento. Salientam-se ao Escalão Esquadrão mudanças na Composição Esquemática das Unidades, denotando-se ainda uma tendência para a diminuição dos meios que equipam as Unidades de Reconhecimento aprontadas pelo Regimento de Cavalaria 6 e Quartel de Cavalaria. O decréscimo dos Efetivos também é uma alteração patente nos 23 anos estudados. No que concerne aos Sistemas de Armas, salienta-se o Grupo de Carros de Combate como a Unidade com a maior evolução sofrida devido à transição por três Carros de Combate distintos durante o período em estudo. Verifica-se ainda uma disparidade entre os Sistemas de Armas que atualmente equipam as Unidades de Reconhecimento sediadas no Regimento de Cavalaria 6 e o Quartel de Cavalaria.

A State of War: Florida from 1939 to 1945

World War II profoundly impacted Florida. The military geography of the State is essential to an understanding the war. The geostrategic concerns of place and space determined that Florida would become a statewide military base. Florida’s attributes of place such as climate and topography determined its use as a military academy hosting over two million soldiers, nearly 15 percent of the GI Army, the largest force theUS ever raised. One-in-eight Floridians went into uniform. Equally,Florida’s space on the planet made it central for both defensive and offensive strategies. The Second World War was a war of movement, and Florida was a major jump off point forUSforce projection world-wide, especially of air power. Florida’s demography facilitated its use as a base camp for the assembly and engagement of this military power. In 1940, less than two percent of the US population lived in Florida, a quiet, barely populated backwater of the United States.[1] But owing to its critical place and space, over the next few years it became a 65,000 square mile training ground, supply dump, and embarkation site vital to the US war effort. Because of its place astride some of the most important sea lanes in the Atlantic World,Florida was the scene of one of the few Western Hemisphere battles of the war. The militarization ofFloridabegan long before Pearl Harbor. The pre-war buildup conformed to theUSstrategy of the war. The strategy of theUS was then (and remains today) one of forward defense: harden the frontier, then take the battle to the enemy, rather than fight them inNorth America. The policy of “Europe First,” focused the main US war effort on the defeat of Hitler’sGermany, evaluated to be the most dangerous enemy. In Florida were established the military forces requiring the longest time to develop, and most needed to defeat the Axis. Those were a naval aviation force for sea-borne hostilities, a heavy bombing force for reducing enemy industrial states, and an aerial logistics train for overseas supply of expeditionary campaigns. The unique Florida coastline made possible the seaborne invasion training demanded for USvictory. The civilian population was employed assembling mass-produced first-generation container ships, while Floridahosted casualties, Prisoners-of-War, and transient personnel moving between the Atlantic and Pacific. By the end of hostilities and the lifting of Unlimited Emergency, officially on December 31, 1946, Floridahad become a transportation nexus. Florida accommodated a return of demobilized soldiers, a migration of displaced persons, and evolved into a modern veterans’ colonia. It was instrumental in fashioning the modern US military, while remaining a center of the active National Defense establishment. Those are the themes of this work. [1] US Census of Florida 1940. Table 4 – Race, By Nativity and Sex, For the State. 14.

"To Hold the World in Contempt": The British Empire, War, and the Irish and Indian Nationalist Press, 1899-1914

The era between the close of the nineteenth century and the onset of the First World War witnessed a marked increase in radical agitation among Indian and Irish nationalists. The most outspoken political leaders of the day founded a series of widely circulated newspapers in India and Ireland, placing these editors in the enviable position of both reporting and creating the news. Nationalist journalists were in the vanguard of those pressing vocally for an independent India and Ireland, and together constituted an increasingly problematic contingent for the British Empire. The advanced-nationalist press in Ireland and the nationalist press in India took the lead in facilitating the exchange of provocative ideas—raising awareness of perceived imperial injustices, offering strategic advice, and cementing international solidarity. Irish and Indian press coverage of Britain’s imperial wars constituted one of the premier weapons in the nationalists’ arsenal, permitting them to build support for their ideology and forward their agenda in a manner both rapid and definitive. Directing their readers’ attention to conflicts overseas proved instructive in how the Empire dealt with those who resisted its policies, and also showcased how it conducted its affairs with its allies. As such, critical press coverage of the Boxer Rebellion, Boer War, Russo-Japanese War, and World War I bred disaffection for the Empire, while attempts by the Empire to suppress the critiques further alienated the public. This dissertation offers the first comparative analysis of the major nationalist press organs in India and Ireland, using the prism of war to illustrate the increasingly persuasive role of the press in promoting resistance to the Empire. It focuses on how the leading Indian and Irish editors not only fostered a nationalist agenda within their own countries, but also worked in concert to construct a global anti-imperialist platform. By highlighting the anti-imperial rhetoric of the nationalist press in India and Ireland and illuminating their strategies for attaining self-government, this study deepens understanding of the seeds of nationalism, making a contribution to comparative imperial scholarship, and demonstrating the power of the media to alter imperial dynamics and effect political change.

El legado de los flujos migratorios hacia la península de Crimea entre 1860 – 1991 en la crisis política de 2014

La presente investigación propone un análisis sobre la crisis política de Crimea en 2014 a partir del influjo que las migraciones desde Rusia han tenido en la historia reciente. Así, a partir de la evaluación de algunos de los momentos de inmigración más representativos en los últimos dos siglos (1860, 1928 y 1991) se vincula el proceso de construcción de la identidad de los inmigrantes -transversal en diferentes periodos históricos en Crimea- con el desarrollo de los eventos de 2014. Lo anterior permite identificar un cierto legado de la migración hacia Crimea en el desarrollo de la crisis, cuyo resultado principal ha sido la anexión de facto de Crimea a Rusia. Ésta no habría sido posible sin el particular ánimo de afinidad con la idea de Rusia –o Russianness- de la mayoría de los habitantes de la península, cuya presencia en la región se explica en parte, a través de los procesos migratorios antes descritos.

La transformación operativa de las fuerzas militares en el conflicto armado colombiano (1998-2010)

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar como se dio la modernización de las Fuerzas Militares de Colombia a través del Plan Colombia y como la implementación de este, fue determinante para el desarrollo operativo-estratégico y táctico adelantado en la Política de Seguridad Democrática de tres maneras: la primera hubo una gran inversión adelantada por el gobierno colombiano en colaboración con el gobierno estadounidense. En segunda instancia, una vez realizado el desembolso previsto se procedió a la compra a gran escala de armamento, aeronaves y vehículos de combate pesados. En tercera y ultima instancia se aumento el pie de fuerza y se invirtió en entrenamiento militar contraguerrilla, que consolidaron la presencia del Estado en zonas de conflicto interno y prolongado, supliendo las necesidades de los colombianos en situación de vulnerabilidad.

The illustrated history of American military commissaries /

Presents a comprehensive history spanning the 233 years of the four major services' sales commissaries.

The red book of Michigan; a civil, military and biographical history /

Civil history -- History of Michigan during the rebellion --Biographical history of Michigan -- Miscellaneous records.

History of Fulton County, Illinois : together with sketches of its cities, villages and townships, educational, civil, military, and political history ...

The reproduction ... made possible through the sponsorship of the Fulton County Historical and Genealogical Society, Canton, Illinois.

History of Vernon County, Wisconsin, together with sketches of its towns, villages and townships, educational, civil, military and political history; portraits of prominent persons, and biographies of representative citizens; history of Wisconsin...

Illustrated.

The British colonial library, comprising a popular and authentic description of all the colonies of the British empire, their history - physical geography - geology - climate - animal, vegetable, and mineral kingdoms - government - finance - military defence - commerce - shipping -monetary system - religion - population, white and coloured - education and the press - emigration, social state, &c.

Published in 1834-35 under the title: History of the British colonies.

The Union army : a history of military affairs in the loyal states, 1861-65 -- records of the regiments in the Union army -- cyclopedia of battles -- memoirs of commanders and soldiers.

v. 1-4. States and regiments.-- v. 5-6 Cyclopedia of battles.-- v. 7 The navy.-- v. 8. Biographical.

History of the Army of the Cumberland : its organization, campaigns and battles, written at the request of Major-General George H. Thomas chiefly from his private military journal and official and other documents furnished by him /

Includes index.

Military antiquities respecting a history of the English Army, from the conquest to the present time.

"Appendix, no. X. A general and compleat list-military of every commission-officer ... of England ... London, N. Brooks, 1684" (v. 2. p. [1]-22 [3d series of numbering]) has special t.p.

A history of military government in newly acquired territory of the United States ...

Published also as Studies in history, economics and public law, vol. 20, no. 2.

Military intelligence : a picture history /

Shipping list no.: 93-0137-P.