El impuesto al latifundio en la provincia de Buenos Aires durante las décadas de 1940 y 1950

El propósito de este artículo es el estudio del proceso de gravamen sobre el latifundio durante las décadas de 1940 y 1950 como parte de un conjunto de políticas agrarias en torno a la propiedad y tenencia de la tierra (arrendamientos y colonización) que contemplan los niveles de producción, de acumulación y la distribución del ingreso en función de controlar el orden social y asegurar la legitimidad del poder político; articulado con el análisis de las resonancias y respuestas de las corporaciones de grandes propietarios en los contextos específicos, lo que permite una aprehensión más integral de la naturaleza y desempeño de esta clase social rural.

Incentives Embedded in Institutions: The Case of Share Contracts in Ghanaian Cocoa Production

Providing price incentives to farmers is usually considered essential for agricultural development. Although such incentives are important, regarding price as the sole explanatory factor is far from satisfactory in understanding the complex realities of agricultural production in Africa. By analyzing the share contracts widely practiced in Ghana, this article argues that local institutions such as land tenure systems and agrarian contracts provide strong incentives and disincentives for agricultural production. Based on data derived from fieldwork in the 1990s, the study analyzes two types of share contracts and the incentive structures embedded in them. The analysis reveals that farmers' investment behavior needs to be understood in terms of both short-term incentive to increase yield and long-term incentive to strengthen land rights. The study concludes that the role of price incentives in agricultural production needs to be reconsidered by placing it in wider incentive structures embedded in local institutions.

コンゴの農村開発 －政策と社会の対応－

農村開発政策の成功・失敗は、当該社会の論理をどのように把握するかに依存している。本稿は、コンゴ共和国プール州の農村地域における社会論理に関して、1970年代から80年代にかけて実施された「プール州農村開発計画」（PDR）の評価と、筆者が1992～94年にかけて行った農村実態調査に基づいて検討した。PDRでは、経済合理性を欠いた蔬菜生産・流通計画が失敗した一方で、いわゆる共同体的な土地保有制度のために土地収用が進まなかった。商品化された農産物の生産・流通がきわめて経済合理的になされる一方で、土地に関しては共同体原理が支配的である状況は筆者の調査でも確認された。共同体原理や生存維持経済の存在の上に、農産物の商品化が急速に進展している状況は、コンゴ農村社会の特質として留意すべきである。

Casting a voice for rural struggles during apartheid : the case of AFRA

This paper explores the attempts to co-ordinate rural resistance and struggles in South Africa during apartheid through a case study of the Association for Rural Advancement (AFRA), a land NGO established in Natal in 1979. It was a small group but had a significant local and national impact. The paper addresses three key questions concerning the character and works of AFRA: (1) What was the character and strategy of AFRA in the politicised context of the late 1970s and 1980s? (2) Was there any historical continuity and discontinuity with early attempts by Natal liberals and African landowners to organise anti-removal campaigns in the 1950s? (3) How and to what extent could AFRA negotiate the increasing influence of the Inkatha and KwaZulu government over Natal rural communities? The paper aims to serve as a critical evaluation of AFRA's strategies and activities, and its relationship with rural communities up to 1990 when land movements became nationwide.

The development of private farms in Vietnam

The objective of this paper is to explore the entities that have developed private farms (trang trai) in Vietnam. Various types of private farms have emerged in the last ten years. It is noteworthy that the owners of private farms are not necessarily agricultural households but also include government officials and the urban rich. Based on data collected from the author’s field surveys in Vietnam from 2006 to 2011, the paper attempts to categorize patterns in the development of private farms and analyze their differences. The paper argues that private farms developed by agricultural households are still limited because of the difficulty of consolidating land.

Datos utilizables para la ley de tierras /

Signed: Casimiro Castro.

Ley de tierras y sus decretos reglamentarios.

At head of title: Ministerio de Agricultura.

Ley de tierras y su decretos reglamentario de fecha 10 de enero 1905.

At head of title: Ministerio de Agricultura.

Ley de tierras y su decreto reglamentario de fecha 10 de enero 1905.

At head of title: Ministerio de Agricultura.

Leyes y disposiciones vijentes sobre revisita de tierras de comenidad.

Mode of access: Internet.

Observations sur les domaines du roi, sur les vices de leur administration actuelle : & sur les moyens d'en tirer, au profit de l'État, le produit dont ils sont susceptibles.

Caption title: Observations sur le domaine du roi.

L'agriculture et les classes agricoles de la Bretagne,

"Extrait du Compte-rendu de l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques."

El problema rural de México /

"Algunos proyectos de ley para resolver la cuestion agraria": p. 323-433.