946 resultados para Fundo de Amparo ao Trabalhador (Brasil) (FAT)
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Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências da Comunicação (especialidade Comunicação e Ciências Sociais)
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Esta Tese trata do Desenho Técnico na formação do trabalhador a partir de um estudo comparado entre Portugal e Brasil, na indústria de automóveis. Observam-se, introdutoriamente, aspectos referentes à trajetória do Desenho de linguagem técnica no percurso do Ensino Industrial e na atual estrutura educativa luso-brasileira, enquanto disciplina escolar. Na segunda parte descreve-se o histórico da indústria de automóveis e a reconfiguração automotiva mundial, através da qual analisam-se as justificativas para este fenômeno, especialmente em Portugal e no Brasil, fundamentadas nas implicações da organização da economia mundial. Estabelece a relação entre a evolução da Divisão Internacional do Trabalho e do Desenho Técnico enquanto linguagem da indústria. Na terceira e última parte são apresentados e analisados os dados relativos à pesquisa empírica, pautada no Método da Triangulação dos dados, e apresenta-se a comparação entre os dois sistemas educativos, no que respeita a presença e frequência do Desenho Técnico na organização curricular do Curso Técnico de Mecatrônica, utilizado como elemento de comparação e sua relação com a oferta formativa para a indústria de automóveis nas duas localidades em que estão instaladas as indústrias pesquisadas, Palmela em Portugal e Camaçari no Brasil, e verifica-se a importância atribuída a este conhecimento no desenvolvimento da atividade produtiva, através do percurso educativo e formativo dos sujeitos, os trabalhadores das indústrias pesquisadas. Os resultados auferidos apontam para a confirmação de que o lugar que o Desenho Técnico ocupa na Educação do Brasil e de Portugal está subordinado ao lugar que estes países ocupam na geografia do Sistema-Mundo.
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Para determinar o âmbito cronológico, respeitou-se a convenção de não ultrapassar o ano de 1850, uma vez que se trata do estudo do Brasil português, e recuou-se até onde a documentação deste fundo permitia, o século XVII, sendo predominante a documentação oitocentista que, por esse motivo, será a mais destacada neste artigo.
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This cross-sectional study determined the influence of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the lipid profile and insulin sensitivity of 119 perinatally HIV-infected Brazilian patients aged 6-19 years. Inadequate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) concentrations were observed in 81.4% of patients. High concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDI.-c) and triglycerides (TG) were found in 33.9%, 9.7% and 35.6% of patients, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in mean concentrations of TC (P=0.004), HDL-c (P=0.015) and LDL-c (P=0.028) among children (< 10 years), early adolescents (10-14 years) and late adolescents (15-19 years). Children presented the highest mean concentrations of TC and LDL-c, and patients in late adolescence presented the lowest concentrations of HDL-c. Insulin sensitivity, assessed by the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) index, was diagnosed in 16.7% of patients, with a statistically higher proportion (P=0.034) of insulin-resistant children (33.3%) compared with adolescents (12.5%). There was a statistically significant association between TG concentrations and use of ART regimens containing protease inhibitors (PI) (P=0.0003). Children presented a higher prevalence of insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia compared with adolescents, suggesting that ART, especially Pls, may lead to metabolic complications. (C) 2011 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Because the potential of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) has been suggested in the management of obesity, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of yerba mate extract on weight loss, obesity-related biochemical parameters, and the regulation of adipose tissue gene expression in high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Thirty animals were randomly assigned to three groups. The mice were introduced to standard or high-fat diets. After 12 weeks on a high-fat diet, mice were randomly assigned according to the treatment (water or yerba mate extract 1.0 g/-kg). After treatment intervention, plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and glucose were evaluated. Adipose tissue was examined to determine the mRNA levels of several genes such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), leptin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-C motif chemokine ligand-2 (CCL2), CCL receptor-2 (CCR2), angiotensinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), adiponectin, resistin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma(2) (PPAR-gamma(2)), uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), and PPAR-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha). The F4/80 levels were determined by immunoblotting. We found that obese mice treated with yerba mate exhibited marked attenuation of weight gain, adiposity, a decrease in epididymal fat-pad weight, and restoration of the serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and glucose. The gene and protein expression levels were directly regulated by the high-fat diet. After treatment with yerba mate extract, we observed a recovery of the expression levels. In conclusion, our data show that yerba mate extract has potent antiobesity activity in vivo. Additionally, we observed that the treatment had a modulatory effect on the expression of several genes related to obesity.
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The purpose of this work was to evaluate the fatty acid composition of the Longissimus muscle from carcasses of Nellore steers fed diets with calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) and high moisture corn. Forty eight steers were fed during 70 days four diets containing dry corn (DC), high moisture corn (HM). dry corn plus CSFA (DC-CSFA) or high moisture corn plus CSFA (HM-CSFA). Fatty acid composition of the Longissimus muscle was determined by gas chromatography. Corn type had no effect on the ether extract percentage and in the content of the majority of the fatty acids, although steers fed HMC showed higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated/saturated ratio. Feeding CSFA increased ether extract percentage but had no effect on total of saturated, unsaturated and saturated: unsaturated ratio. Both high moisture corn and calcium salts of fatty acids increased CIA (cis9, trans11) and total CIA concentrations in intramuscular fat (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.