Nobel Prizes: Contributions to Cardiology

The Nobel Prize was created by Alfred Nobel. The first prize was awarded in 1901 and Emil Adolf von Behring was the first laureate in medicine due to his research in diphtheria serum. Regarding cardiology, Nobel Prize’s history permits a global comprehension of progress in pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapeutics of various cardiac diseases in last 120 years. The objective of this study was to review the major scientific discoveries contemplated by Nobel Prizes that contributed to cardiology. In addition, we also hypothesized why Carlos Chagas, one of our most important scientists, did not win the prize in two occasions. We carried out a non-systematic review of Nobel Prize winners, selecting the main studies relevant to heart diseaseamong the laureates. In the period between 1901 and 2013, 204 researches and 104 prizes were awarded in Nobel Prize, of which 16 (15%) studies were important for cardiovascular area. There were 33 (16%) laureates, and two (6%) were women. Fourteen (42%) were American, 15 (45%) Europeans and four (13%) were from other countries. There was only one winner born in Brazil, Peter Medawar, whose career was all in England. Reviewing the history of the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine area made possible to identify which researchers and studies had contributed to advances in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Most winners were North Americans and Europeans, and male.

Contributions to the flora of South America: Studies on Andean Compositae, I. Studies in South American plants, II.

v.27:no.1(1950)

Praenunciae bahamenses-- I. Contributions to a flora of the Bahamian archipelago. By Charles Frederick Millspaugh.

v.2:no.3(1906)

Contributions to North American Euphorbiaceae-- v: 1. "Euphorbia adenoptera" in North America. 2. Chamaesyceae novae. 3. Notulae hypericifoliaearum. By Charles Frederick Millspaugh.

v.2:no.10(1914)

Contributions to the flora of Venezuela : from Ericaceae through Compositae / Julian A. Steyermark and collaborators.

v.28:no.3(1953)

Contributions to the flora of Venezuela / [Julian A. Steyermark and collaborators].

v.28:no.1(1951)

Contributions to the flora of South America: Studies on Andean Compositae, II. Studies in South American plants, III.

v.27:no.2(1951)

Contributions to the flora of Venezuela : from Droseraceae through Umbelliferae / Julian A. Steyermark and collaborators.

v.28:no.2(1952)

Contributions to the flora of Venezuela / Julian A. Steyermark and collaborators.

v.28:no.4(1957)

Mycological contributions of Rolf Singer : field itinerary, index to new taxa, and list of publications / Gregory M. Mueller and Qiuxin Wu, editors.

n.s. no.38(1997)

An evaluation of Seth E. Meek's contributions to Mexican ichthyology / Robert Rush Miller.

v.69:no.1(1976)

Feeding habits of six anuran (Amphibia: Anura) species in a rainforest fragment in Northeastern Brazil

Although Brazil encompasses one of the most abundant anuran faunas in the world, quantitative information on anuran ecology and diet are limited, especially in the Northeastern region. We analyzed the diet of six species: Hyla albomarginata, Hyla cf. branneri, Hyla minuta, Phyllomedusa aff. hypochondrialis (Hylidae), Leptodactylus natalensis, and Physalaemus cuvieri (Leptodactylidae) in a temporary pond in a rainforest remnant in Pernambuco, between 1999-2000. We analyzed diet composition, degree of food preference, and seasonal variations in diet. Leptodactylus natalensis and P. cuvieri showed higher diet diversity, whereas H. minuta consumed fewer food items. Insecta, Arachnida, and plants were preferential items for most species. Acari were consumed by all species; Hymenoptera, Odonata, and Coleoptera were also often consumed. A slight increase in diet diversity occurred in the rainy season. The species showed a generalist feeding behaviour, although P. cuvieri consumed Formicidae as major prey item.

Contributions to the paleontology of the upper cretaceous series / by William Newton Logan, A.M. ; Oliver Cummings Farrington, Ph.D. Curator, Dept. of Geology.

v.1:no.6(1899)