La internacionalización de la empresa manufacturera española: Efectos del capital humano genérico y específico

[ES] La eficiencia y capacidad competitiva de las organizaciones depende —además de otros factores— de la calidad del capital humano de que disponen. Así, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el efecto del capital humano de la empresa tanto en la decisión de entrar en los mercados internacionales como en la intensidad de ventas realizadas en dichos mercados utilizando modelos de regresión logit y tobit. El trabajo empírico se realiza sobre una muestra de empresas manufactureras españolas. El capital humano se evalúa desde una doble óptica, por un lado se considera la formación genérica de los empleados y por otro lado la formación específica de los mismos. Los resultados muestran que la formación genérica y la específica tienen un efecto positivo y significativo tanto sobre la decisión de entrar en los mercados internacionales como en la intensidad de ventas realizadas en dichos mercados.

A predictive model of the export behaviour of small and medium sized firms: an application to the case of Castilla-La Mancha

[EN] Based on an extensive theoretical review, the aim of this paper is to carry out a closer examination of the differences between exporters according to their commitment to the international market. Once the main disparities are identified by means of a non-parametric test, a logistic analysis based upon data collected from small and medium sized manufacturing firms is conducted in order to construct a classificatory model.

Investment opportunity in aquarium technology. Export marketing of tropical aquarium fishes

A brief account is given of the demand for ornamental fish, providing also estimates of world trade volume. The major importing countries are the USA, Japan, Germany, the UK and the Netherlands. Present supply patterns are outlined; although Nigeria has vast natural resources of tropical aquatic life and the right climate for breeding, current exports are estimated at only 5% of the total potential. Recommendations for the promotion of exports of tropical aquarium fish in Nigeria are included

Export potential of ornamental live fishes in Nigeria

Nigeria is blessed with an abundant variety of fish species, some of which have been exported over the years. These fish species are taken either from the wild or cultured. Large quantities of fishes and fishery products are exported from Nigeria in different forms and which have been sources of foreign exchange earnings for the Country. An estimate value of exports in the fishery sub-sector stood at approximately U.S. $48.212,070 for shrimps/sole fish/cuttlefish/crabs and over U.S.$500,000 for ornamental live fishes

Time and tide wait for no man: pioneers and laggards in the deployment of CCS

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Socio-economic implications of the fish export trade on the fishers and fisheries of Lake Victoria in Uganda

The purpose of this study was to investigate the implications of the fish export trade on the fishers and the fisheries resources of Lake Victoria, Uganda with respect to sustainability. Eight fish processing factories and ninety fishers were qualitatively investigated. Socio-economic characteristics of fishers and the economic characteristics of fish factories formed a basis for the analysis. Results of the research indicate that there is a relationship between the growth in fish export trade, particularly the growth in industrial fish processing (for export) and declining fisheries resources of the lake. However, whether or not that impact is positive or negative, and to what extent there is an impact, is highly dependent upon the underlying socio-economic considerations of the fishers to the process. The fish-ban imposed by the European Union countries was particularly decried by fishers and factory owners as the main cause for the present poverty among the fishers. Fundamentally, several conflicting issues: ecological, physical and economic activities are a threat to the sustainability of the Lake Victoria fisheries, and for all that depend on and interact with the lake. There is urgent need to address the immediate issue of the growing riparian population and the global fish trade, to educate and train all the relevant actors in appropriate fisheries management techniques. Attitudes of fishers towards the fish factory developments are positive and this is a way forward for co-management for the sustainability of the fisheries resource.

A estandardização dos contratos internacionais e o modelo FIDIC - Silver Book para contratos EPC

No presente trabalho acadêmico se apresentarão as principais características do processo de globalização, passando-se à exposição da relevância do Direito Comparado, até se chegar à análise da adoção de modelos internacionais de contratos como esforço uniformizador, de modo a reduzir riscos e a minorar custos de transação. Na sequência, investigar-se-á o modelo contratual EPC (acrônimo das palavras inglesas Engineering, Procurement and Construction - Engenharia, Gestão de Compra e Construção), originário da prática anglo-saxã, focando-se na análise e na qualificação tipológica do Contrato EPC, comparando-o com institutos existentes na legislação brasileira. Delinear-se-á o contexto de disseminação do Contrato EPC no exterior e sua consolidação no Brasil, amparadas, em larga medida, na necessidade de que - em vultosos projetos de infraestrutura, sobretudo em áreas de investimento em relação às quais os empreendedores desconheçam o ambiente regulatório e a realidade socioeconômica se tenha estatuto privado a transladar ao construtor a maior parte dos riscos atinentes a serviços complexos de engenharia. Enfrentar-se-ão as características essenciais deste modelo contratual, tomando-se como padrão o Conditions of Contract for EPC Turnkey Projects - general conditions, guidance for the preparation of particular conditions, forms of letter of tender, contract agreement and dispute adjudication agreement, recomendado pela Fédération Internationale des Ingénieurs Conseils - FIDIC. Apresentar-se-á como o direito estrangeiro equilibra a assunção dos riscos pelo construtor (Contractor ou Builder), inclusive aqueles, referentes a eventos não antecipáveis (unforeseen risks), inobstante a preservação pelo contratante (Owner) de lato poder de monitoramento e fiscalização (overseeing attributions, key personnel and contract manager approval, step-in rights).