Reprogramming energy metabolism and inducing angiogenesis : co-expression of monocarboxylate transporters with VEGF family members in cervical adenocarcinomas

Reprogramming energy metabolism and inducing angiogenesis: co-expression of monocarboxylate transporters with VEGF family members in cervical adenocarcinomas.

Recommendations on quality control and quality assurance in cervical cytology

Objective: We aimed to critically evaluate the importance of quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) strategies in the routine work of uterine cervix cytology. Study Design: We revised all the main principles of QC and QA that are already being implemented worldwide and then discussed the positive aspects and limitations of these as well as proposing alternatives when pertinent. Results: A literature review was introduced after highlighting the main historical revisions, and then a critical evaluation of the principal innovations in screening programmes was conducted, with recommendations being postulated. Conclusions: Based on the analysed data, QC and QA are two essential arms that support the quality of a screening programme.

Morfologia externa do adulto de Hemiargus hanno (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Polyommatinae, Polyommatini): II. Região cervical, tórax e abdome

O presente trabalho visa fornecer subsídios para estudos morfológicos comparativos de Lycaenidae neotropicais. Hemiargus hanno (Stoll, 1790) é a primeira espécie neotropical de Polyommatinae a ter sua morfologia detalhada na literatura. Essa borboleta pode ser encontrada em ambientes abertos com vegetação rasteira, desde o sul do Texas até a Argentina. A morfologia da região cervical, do tórax e do abdome de H. hanno foi estudada com auxílio da microscopia óptica e de varredura.

Ganglioneuroma da região cervical

A case of ganglioneuroma in the neck of a girl sixteen years old first noticed at the age of fifteen months is reported. The tumor successfully removed at operation has the size of an orange and is in relation by its internal surface with the trachea, oesophagus and vertebral column. Anteriorly it is crossed by the left common carotid and internal jugular vein which are meanwhile dissociated. Although this suggests an origin from the pneumogastric nerve no convincing proof of such an origin was obtained.

Bases per crear un tractament de prevenció secundaria per pacients amb fuetada cervical

Projecte de recerca elaborat a partir d’una estada al departament d’anestesiologia de la University of Washington durant juliol i agost del 2006. La fuetada cervical és una lesió molt freqüent. Encara que els problemes associats es resolen en un període de temps curt en la majoria de casos, un percentatge de casos que oscil·la entre el 12 i el 42% desenvolupa dolor cervical crònic i discapacitat associada. Aquesta situació provoca un elevat cost econòmic per a la societat i un elevat patiment per a les persones que pateixen dolor crònic cervical i discapacitat com a conseqüència de la fuetada cervical. Ambdues conseqüències podrien ser evitades dissenyant estratègies de prevenció secundaria efectives. Aquest és precisament l’objectiu de la tesis del doctorant Aquesta va ser considerada essencial perquè en aquesta universitat esta l’únic grup de recerca que esta realitzant un tractament de prevenció secundaria per a pacients amb fuetada cervical. La realització de totes aquestes tasques ha permès al doctorant millorar el seu treball de recerca i començar a dissenyar un programa de prevenció secundaria per a la nostra població de pacients amb fuetada cervical. A més, s’han establert lligams de col·laboració.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in female cervical lesions from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

A hundred-sixty paraffin-embedded specimens from female cervical lesions were examined for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16 and 18 infections by non-isotopic in situ hybridization. The data were compared with histologic diagnosis. Eighty-eight (55) biopsies contained HPV DNA sequences. In low grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN I), HPV infection was detected in 78.7 of the cases, the benign HPV 6 was the most prevalent type. HPV DNA was detected in 58 of CIN II and CIN III cases and in 41.8 of squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). Histologically normal women presented 20 of HPV infection. Oncogenic HPV was found in 10 of these cases, what may indicate a higher risk of developing CINs and cancer. Twenty-five percent of the infected tissues contained mixed infections. HPV 16 was the most common type infecting the cervix and its prevalence raised significantly with the severity of the lesions, pointing its role in cancer pathogenesis. White women presented twice the cervical lesions of mulatto and African origin women, although HPV infection rates were nearly the same for the three groups (approximately 50). Our results showed that HPV typing by in situ hybridization is a useful tool for distinguishing between low and high risk cervical lesions. Further studies are required to elucidate risk factors associated with HPV infection and progression to malignancy in Brazilian population.

Human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer in Brazil: a retrospective study

Two hundred and thirty paraffin-embedded biopsies obtained from female cervical lesions were tested for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6/11,16/18 and 31/33/35 DNA using non-isotopic in situ hybridization. Specimens were classified according to the Bethesda System in low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), high grade SIL (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). HPV prevalence ranged from 92.5% in LSIL to 68.5% in SCC. Benign types were prevalent in LSILs while oncogenic types infected predominantly HSILs and SCC. HPV infection showed to be age-dependent, but no significant relation to race has been detected. Patients were analyzed through a five-year period: 20.7% of the lesions spontaneously regressed while 48.9% persisted and 30.4% progressed to carcinoma. Patients submitted to treatment showed a 19.4% recurrence rate. High risk types were present in 78.6% (CrudeOR 13.8, P=0.0003) of the progressive lesions, and in 73.7% of the recurrent SILs (COR 19.3, P=0.0000001). Possible co-factors have also been evaluated: history of other sexually transmitted diseases showed to be positively related either to progression (Adjusted OR 13.0, P=0.0002) or to recurrence (AOR 17.2, P=0.0002) while oral contraceptive use and tobacco smoking were not significantly related to them (P>0.1). Association of two or more co-factors also proved to be related to both progression and recurrence, indicating that they may interact with HPV infection in order to increase the risk of developing malignant lesions.

Evolución de la frecuencia de ingresos por infección cervical profunda

La incidència de les infeccions cervicals profundes (ICP) va disminuir amb la introducció dels antibiòtics i la millora de la cura dental i de la cavitat oral. Es va realitzar una revisió retrospectiva i sistemàtica de tots els ingressos a la sala d'hospitalització d'adults d'Otorinolaringologia, i es van registrar tots els casos amb diagnòstic de ICP, entre gener 2003 i desembre 2010. Es va trobar un augment progressiu i significatiu de la freqüència anual d'ingressos amb aquest diagnòstic, especialment en els últims 4 anys. Aquest augment ha estat substancial, i no hi ha elements en aquest moment que puguin explicar-ho de forma definitiva.

Discectomía cervical anterior y artrodesis con caja intersomática de titanio: experiencia clínica con 272 casos

El present estudi revisa l’experiència clínica quirúrgica en el servei de neurocirurgia de l’hospital universitari de Bellvitge amb 272 pacients sotmesos a discectomia cervical anterior i artrodesi amb caixa intersomàtica de titani per patologia degenerativa discal. Es revisen els resultats clínics, radiològics i les complicacions presentades. S’obtenen a l’any de la intervenció, resultats clínics excel•lents o bons en un 68.25 % dels pacients, una alta taxa de fusió cervical (97.34 %) i un baix índex de complicacions operatòries (4.41 %)

Repair of non-circumferential cervical trachea defects by three different latissimus dorsi flaps. A comparative studyin an experimental setting.

BACKGROUND: Large intrathoracic airway defects may be closed using a pedicled latissimus dorsi (LD) flap, with rewarding results. This study addresses the question of whether this holds true for extrathoracic non-circumferential tracheal defects. METHODS: A cervical segment of the trachea of 4 x 1 cm was resected in 9 white male pigs. The defect was stented with a silicone stent for 3 months and closed either by an LD flap alone (group a, n = 3), an LD flap with an attached rib segment covered by pleura (group b, n = 3), or an LD flap reinforced by a perforated polylactide (MacroPore) plate (group c, n = 3). The trachea was assessed by rigid endoscopy at 3 and 4 months and histologically at 4 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The degree of stenosis at the level of the reconstruction at 4 months was 25, 50 and 75% in group a, 15, 50 and 60% in group b, and 20, 95 and 95% in group c, respectively. The percentage of the defect covered by columnar epithelium was 100% in all animals of group a, 60, 100 and 100% in group b, and 10, 0 and 0% in group c. Resorption of the rib was seen in all animals of group b and obstructive inflammatory polyps were found in 2 animals of group c. CONCLUSION: Pedicled LD flaps provided less satisfactory results for closure of large non-circumferential extrathoracic airway defects than observed after intrathoracic reconstruction. A pedicled rib segment added to the LD flap did not improve the results obtained from LD flap repair alone, and an embedded MacroPore prosthesis may result in severe airway stenosis due to plate migration and intense inflammatory reaction protruding into the tracheal lumen.

Multilevel oblique corpectomy for cervical spondylotic myelopathy preserves segmental motion.

PURPOSE: To document the neurological outcome, spinal alignment and segmental range of movement after oblique cervical corpectomy (OCC) for cervical compressive myelopathy. METHODS: This retrospective study included 109 patients--93 with cervical spondylotic myelopathy and 16 with ossified posterior longitudinal ligament in whom spinal curvature and range of segmental movements were assessed on neutral and dynamic cervical radiographs. Neurological function was measured by Nurick's grade and modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores. Eighty-eight patients (81%) underwent either a single- or two-level corpectomy; the remaining (19%) undergoing three- or four-level corpectomies. The average duration of follow-up was 30.52 months. RESULTS: The Nurick's grade and the JOA scores showed statistically significant improvements after surgery (p < 0.001). The mean postoperative segmental angle in the neutral position straightened by 4.7 ± 6.5°. The residual segmental range of movement for a single-level corpectomy was 16.7° (59.7% of the preoperative value), for two-level corpectomy it was 20.0° (67.2%) and for three-level corpectomies it was 22.9° (74.3%). 63% of patients with lordotic spines continued to have lordosis postoperatively while only one became kyphotic without clinical worsening. Four patients with preoperative kyphotic spines showed no change in spine curvature. None developed spinal instability. CONCLUSIONS: The OCC preserves segmental motion in the short-term, however, the tendency towards straightening of the spine, albeit without clinical worsening, warrants serial follow-up imaging to determine whether this motion preservation is long lasting.

Alteraciones posturográficas en fases agudas del latigazo cervical.

L’objectiu del treball és evidenciar l’existència d’alteracions posturogràfiques en la primera fase posterior a l’accident. Es realitzà un estudi prospectiu a 14 pacients utilitzant una plataforma dinamomètrica fixa. Predominà el sexe femení (79.9%) amb edat mitja de 29 anys. La mitjana del temps fins realitzar la valoració fou de 14 hores. Obtenim un patró de disfunció somatosensorial en 7 pacients (50%), 2 presentaren disfunció vestibular i 5 patró normal o compensat. La prova Romberg d’ulls tancats s’observaren les majors diferències. Conclusions : La postugrafia permet trobar diferències objectivables del control postural respecte la població normal.