Exploring the experiences of youth in a development program with integrated physical activity in Costa Rica

National governments, the United Nations, and other organizations have deemed sport and other means of physical activity such as recreation, games and play for development a useful means for addressing a wide range of problems in communities and more specifically, providing youth with an opportunity to experience the benefits of physical activity. There is a need for research that furthers our understanding of how participants experience these programs. Specifically, the purpose of this study, was to better understand the lived experiences of the participants in a YMCA camp program that integrated physical activity and play for the specific development of poor youth street workers. A phenomenological approach infonned by a critical perspective (Creswell, 2003; Rossman & Rallis, 2003) was used. The study took place through the Asociaci6n Cristiana de J6venes de Costa Rica (ACJ) in Central America. The focus was on a camp program and the lived experiences of six purposefully chosen, youth street workers between the ages of 13-17. Their experiences were explored through semi-structured interviews. Other data that fonn the study include: field notes, observations, a reflexive journal and document analysis. The findings that emerged from the data include main themes of relationships, poverty, personal change and empowennent. For many youth, the ACJ is a relatively safe place to play, to "detach," their minds, to "distract" and "disorient" themselves from their dysfunctional families, violent neighbourhood, the poverty they live in, and from the necessity of having to work in the street to supplement the family income. Although many studies have shown that programs that include physical activity, play and/or sport have a positive impact on youth with regard to healthy development and improvements in well-being, there has been little work done to address the voices and experiences of the youth that participate in these programs. Using an interpretive-critical approach, this study focused on the participants' personal backgrounds, their experiences within the program and their critical reflections on the program. This study draws from a phenomenological philosophy and method to report findings from participants in an ACJ program in Costa Rica. This research shows how these youth were given the opportunity to use the program and the ACJ property as a relatively safe place to play, to behave like the youth they are, to establish and maintain their friendship networks, and develop empathy and conflict resolution skills. The fmdings from this study reveal how by participating in the ACJ program they each described a personal change, wherein they felt empowered to learn they could positivel y control themselves and as a result positively affect their own futures. These fmdings contribute knowledge surrounding the lived experiences of youth in developmental programs that use physical activity.

Phytoplankton species diversity of 27 lakes and ponds of Costa Rica (Central America)

The literature on species diversity of phytoplankton of tropical lakes is scarce, and for the main part comes from studies of the big lakes in Africa, or deep lakes in South America, leaving a gap in the information about small shallow tropical lakes. In the present work the phytoplankton species composition and diversity of 27 shallow lakes and ponds in Costa Rica (Central America) was studied. The species composition was found to agree with other studies of tropical lakes, with a dominance of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, or in some cases Bacillariophyta or Euglenophyta; and a general paucity of Chrysophyta and Cryptophyta. Species richness varied considerably among the lakes, and tended to decrease with an increase in lake elevation. A low evenness in the species abundances was found, with one or more species outnumbering the rest by several orders of magnitude. Individual species abundances and species composition was found to vary with time in Rio Cuarto Lake, a meromictic lake situated in a region with low seasonal change in precipitation. In comparison with the phytoplankton of temperate lakes, the phytoplankton of the tropical lakes studied tended to have a lower evenness of species abundances, although species richness may be similar to temperate figures in some cases. Diversity indices sensitive to changes in the abundance of rare species tend to be higher in the tropical lakes studied; diversity indices sensitive to changes in the numbers of abundant species tend to be similar between the temperate and tropical lakes examined.

Enhancing personal effectiveness : the impacts of Costa Rica Outward Bound on students in an independent school in southwestern Ontario

This project examines students in a private school in southwestern Ontario on a 17 -day Costa Rica Outward Bound Rainforest multielement course. The study attempted to discover whether voluntary teenage participants could increase their self-perceptions of life effectiveness by participating in a 17-day expedition. A total of9 students participated in the study. The experimental design that was implemented was a mixed methods design. Participants filled in a Life Effectiveness Questionnaire (LEQ) at four predesignated times during the study. These time intervals occurred (a) before the trip commenced, (b) the first day of the trip, ( c) the last day of the trip, and (d) 1 month after the trip ended. Fieldnotes and recordings from informal group debriefing sessions were also used to gather information. Data collected in this study were analyzed in a variety of ways by the researcher. Analyses that were run on the data included the Friedman test for covariance, means, medians, and the Wilcoxon Pairs Test. The questionnaires were analyzed quantitatively, and the fieldnotes were analyzed qualitatively. Nonparametric statistical analysis was implemented as a result of the small group size of participants. Both sets of data were grouped and discussed according to similarities and differences. The data indicate that voluntary teenage participants experience significant changes over time in the areas of time management, social competency, emotional control, active initiative, and self-confidence. The types of outcomes from this study illustrate that Outward Bound-type opportunities should be offered to teenagers in Ontario schools as a means to bring about self-development.

La participación en la educación de adultos : (Experiencia en el barrio Guachupita)

Tesis (Maestría en Formación y Capacitación de Recursos Humanos) UANL

Participación de los organismos no gubernamentales, en el desarrollo de la educación de adultos del Paraguay

Tesis (Maestría en Formación y Capacitación de Recursos Humanos) UANL

Los elementos permanentes de acciones educativas y la coordinación educativa intersectorial para la educación de adultos en el Comité Departamental de Desarrollo de la Libertad (CODDEL) del Perú

Tesis (Maestría en Formación y Capacitación de Recursos Humanos) UANL

Los programas no-escolarizados de educación básica laboral en los pueblos jovenes de Lima metropolitana : una nueva alternativa para la educación de adultos

Tesis (Maestría en Formación y Capacitación de Recursos Humanos) UANL

La coordinación intersectorial entre las instituciones gubernamentales que realizan educación de adultos en la provincia de Chiriqui, República de Panamá.

Tesis (Maestría) UANL

Educación ambiental en educación de adultos : análisis y evaluación de los programas del ciclo de cultura básica de educación media para adultos de la República de Venezuela

Tesis (Maestría en Formación y Capacitación de Recursos Humanos) UANL

Un estudio sobre recursos humanos a nivel docente, de los maestros que trabajan en educación de adultos en Comodoro Rivadavia, Cubut, Argentina. Detección de intereses y capacitación.

Tesis (Maestría en Formacion y Capacitacion de Recursos Humanos) UANL

Diseño de un programa de entrenamiento y capacitación para los encargados de formación de recursos humanos en el ministerio de agricultura y ganadería de la república de Costa Rica

Tesis (Maestría en Formación y Capacitación de Recursos Humanos) UANL

Qualité de l'environnement et développement économique dans les Caraïbes: Le cas du Costa-Rica.

Rapport de recherche

L'occupation des monticules architecturaux au site Las Mercedes du Costa Rica : une étude de la variabilité stylistique de la céramique

Le site archéologique de Las Mercedes est situé sur le versant atlantique du Costa Rica. Ce site monumental est considéré comme le haut lieu d'une société hiérarchisée ayant une organisation sociopolitique complexe. Las Mercedes semble avoir été un centre administratif et cérémoniel dont l'apogée se situe entre 1000 et 1500 ans de notre ère. Notre mémoire porte sur la documentation d'assemblages céramiques extraits de contextes archéologiques stratigraphiques provenant notamment de deux monticules architecturaux. Notre projet se veut une contribution à une meilleure connaissance de Las Mercedes, selon une perspective diachronique d'affiliation culturelle et de séquences d'occupation. Les datations radiométriques provenant de l'assise des monticules convergent aux alentours de l'an 1000 de notre ère. D'autre part, les assemblages céramiques correspondant aux styles culturels El Bosque (500 avant notre ère à 500 de notre ère), La Selva (500-1000) et La Cabana (1000-1500) représentant une séquence temporelle d'environ deux millénaires. La présente étude vise à comprendre ce phénomène à l'aide des données provenant de l'intervention archéologique conduite, en 2005, conjointement par le Museo Nacional du Costa Rica et l'Université de Montréal. Les assemblages sont décrits selon des attributs technologiques, morphologiques et stylistiques en vue d'en faire une étude comparative et interprétative. Les résultats de notre recherche suggèrent qu'indépendamment des contextes archéologiques, les assemblages ont un composition hétérogène formée des trois styles culturels. Par ailleurs, le modèle présente un certain caractère homogène. Ainsi, les assemblages se composent de façon récurrente de 12% de céramique El Bosque, 55 % La Selva et 33 % La Cabana. Une interprétation parcellaire peut être soutirée de ce mélange céramique. L'amalgame des styles culturels témoignent que Las Mercedes a connu une longue occupation, toutefois les résultats ne permettent pas de confirmer ou d'infirmer nos hypothèses de travail.

Émergence de l'inégalité sociale dans les chefferies du Costa Rica : les tombes à corridors et à cistes

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.