Photodegradation of sulfamethoxazole in various aqueous media: Persistence, toxicity and photoproducts assessment

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Paracetamol degradation intermediates and toxicity during photo-Fenton treatment using different iron species

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bioremediation of direct dyes in simulated textile effluents by a paramorphogenic form of Aspergillus oryzae

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Degradation of the antibiotic amoxicillin by photo-Fenton process - Chemical and toxicological assessment

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Acute toxicity of waters from the urban drainage channels of Santos (São Paulo, Brazil)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of water which flows toward the beaches of Santos, SP, Brazil. Water samples were collected from eight urban drainage channels and a small creek, in March, April and August 2005. For each sample, some physical-chemical parameters were analyzed: pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, presence of free chlorine and total ammonia contents. Acute toxicity tests (48h) with Daphnia similis were also performed with the samples. The level of ammonia was relatively high in the majority of the samples (≥ 1.5 mg/L), and free chlorine was measurable in most of them. Acute toxicity was observed in four water samples (stations 3, 4, 5 and 7), at least in one occasion. The toxicity was positively correlated with the ammonia concentrations and salinity. Because acute toxicity was detected, actions aiming to control the pollution sources and improve the water quality are recommended.

Toxicidade de águas e sedimentos em um rio afetado por atividades mineradoras pretéritas

The Ribeira de Iguape River basin received intense mining activities for lead exploiting and, as a result, the river received the discharges of estimated amounts of 5.5 tons/month of material rich in As, Ba, Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn. In this article, the toxicity of waters and sediments collected in Ribeira de Iguape River was assessed aiming to estimate environmental quality. Three sampling campaigns were conducted, from 2009 to 2010. Toxicity tests with the cladoceran Daphnia similis were done for water samples and for sediments, in this case using sediment-water interface exposure. Results showed in general absence of toxicity for sediments and waters, and only eventually were acute effects registered (marginal toxicity). Results are consistent with the conditions indicated by the literature, of low concentrations of metals in waters and sediments; however they differ from the monitoring made by the state environmental agency, which registered chronic toxicity. The occurrence of eventual acute toxicity indicates that although Ribeira de Iguape River quality is being restored, conditions still are not totally under control.

Chlorine disinfection of dye wastewater: Implications for a commercial azo dye mixture

Azo dyes, the most widely used family of synthetic dyes, are often employed as colorants in areas such as textiles, plastics, foods/drugs/cosmetics, and electronics. Following their use in industrial applications, azo dyes have been found in effluents and various receiving waters. Chemical treatment of effluents containing azo dyes includes disinfection using chlorine, which can generate compounds of varying eco/genotoxicity. Among the widely known commercial azo dyes for synthetic fibers is C.I. Disperse Red 1. While this dye is known to exist as a complex mixture, reports of eco/genotoxicity involve the purified form. Bearing in mind the potential for adverse synergistic effects arising from exposures to chemical mixtures, the aim of the present study was to characterize the components of commercial Disperse Red 1 and its chlorine-mediated decoloration products and to evaluate their ecotoxicity and mutagenicity. In conducting the present study, Disperse Red 1 was treated with chlorine gas, and the solution obtained was analyzed with the aid of LC-ESI-MS/MS to identify the components present, and then evaluated for ecotoxicity and mutagenicity, using Daphnia similis and Salmonella/microsome assays, respectively. The results of this study indicated that chlorination of Disperse Red 1 produced four chlorinated aromatic compounds as the main products and that the degradation products were more ecotoxic than the parent dye. These results suggest that a disinfection process using chlorine should be avoided for effluents containing hydrophobic azo dyes such commercial Disperse Red 1. © 2012 Elsevier B.V..

Could contaminant induced mutations lead to a genetic diversity overestimation?

Contaminant driven genetic erosion reported through the inspection of selectable traits can be underestimated using neutral markers. This divergence was previously reported in the aquatic system of an abandoned pyrite mine. The most sensitive genotypes of the microcrustacean cladoceran Daphnia longispina were found to be lacking in the impacted reservoir near the entrance of the metal rich acid mine drainage (AMD). Since that divergence could be, at least partially, accounted for by mutagenicity and genotoxicity of the AMD, the present study aimed at providing such a characterization. The Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay, using root meristematic cells, was carried out, by exposing seeds to 100, 10, 1, and 0.1 % of the local AMD. Chromosomal aberrations, cell division phases and cell death were quantified after the AMD exposure and after 24 and 48 h recovery periods. The AMD revealed to be mutagenic and genotoxic, even after diluting it to 1 and 0.1 %. Dilutions within this range were previously found to be below the lethality threshold and to elicit sublethal effects on reproduction of locally collected D. longispina clonal lineages Significant mutagenic effects (micronuclei and chromosomal breaks) were also found at 0.1 % AMD, supporting that exposure may induce permanent genetic alterations. Recovery tests showed that AMD genotoxic effects persisted after the exposure. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Hematologia e ecotoxicidade do teflubenzuron no controle de Trichodina sp. em peixes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do potencial de compostos naturais (argila, turfa e carvão) na remoção do Chumbo (Pb) e da toxicidade de um efluente industrial

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo do potencial do impacto ambiental de águas residuárias de abatedouros avícolas e suinícolas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Qualidade ambiental, distribuição e densidade do mesozooplâncton do estuário de Guajará-Miri, Vigia de Nazaré, NE do Estado do Pará

Com o objetivo de caracterizar a área do estuário de Guajará-Miri (Vigia Pará), quanto à sua qualidade ambiental e de dispersão do zooplâncton, foi amostrada em quatro pontos na região situada entre a sua Foz e o limite da extensão máxima da penetração da cunha salina rio acima, as amostragens foram realizadas em um barco adaptado para os trabalhos. Sendo bimestralmente, com início em nov/04 e término em novlOS. Tendo-se no total 6 campanhas, incluindo assim os meses de março (período chuvoso) e setembro (período seco) de 2005. Os dados de qualidade da água foram medidos através da sonda multiparâmetros "Datasound 4a". Realizados estudos de abundância, dominância e diversidade do zooplâncton, sendo estes parâmetros relacionados aos dados de qualidade de água. O grupo zooplanctônico mais diverso encontrado nas amostras analisadas foi o dos Copepoda, destacandose Pseudodíatomus rich a rd, Pseudodíatomus marsh, Pseudodíatomus grací/ís, Acarlía plumosa, Acarlía tonsa, Qithona gessneri, Notodiaptomus paraensi e Notodiaptomus amazonicus, tendo densidades variando de 2,6 a 129,24 org/m3. Destacaram-se também as larvas de Crustacea (Brachyura), principalmente em mar/OS, onde foram muito abundantes, chegando a apresentar 860,86 org/m3. Ficando evidenciado um período de maior desova para estas larvas. Além destes, também ocorreram Cladoceros, larvas de Bivalves, Gastrópodes, Cirripedia, Hidromedusas e Isópodes. De uma forma geral a composição das espécies nas áreas estudas foram semelhantes, apresentando alterações sazonais de dominância de espécies. A diversidade específica no estuário foi relativamente baixa, em decorrência do pequeno número de espécies encontradas, a análise de agrupamentos dos organismos revelou grupos fortemente definidos, e pequenos subgrupos correlacionados entre si. Foi verificada uma grande quantidade de larvas de peixes e de crustáceos, o que caracteriza o estuário como uma área berçário, de importância fundamental para o desenvolvimento da vida marinha, estuarina e de água doce na região de Vigia de Nazaré.

Fotodegradação de fármacos por procesos oxidativos avançados utilizando fonte de irradiação artificial e solar: avaliação química e toxicológica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação de métodos para tratamento de resíduos químicos originados em laboratórios biológicos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ecotoxicidade, segurança clínica e eficácia de fármacos em jovens de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV