998 resultados para Conflito de interesses (Serviço público) - Brasil
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Public institutions, as well as other entities, if use of various assets for development of its activities. These assets are tools that help with the generation of benefit present and future. For the assets that compound the Property, Plant and Equipament, this loss of generation of future benefits is called Depreciation and must be recognized as an expense in the period in which it occurs. This way, be considered as an expense, the depreciation has negative influence on the composition of the entity’s income, as this is the result of the confrontation between revenue and expenditure incurred in the same period. The Brazilian legislation regulates it is necessary to recognize and disclosure in the financial statements, all of the situations that interfere with the composition of economic and financial income of the public institution. The main objective of this work was to verify if the states and cities recognize and disclosure the depreciation on their Statements of Financial Position. The data were extracted from datas of the Brazilian public administration’s entities.. The sample analyzed is 100% of the States (including the Federal District) and 91% of the Brazilian cities. The research found the historical evolution of the expenditure with depreciation, evidenced in the balance sheets of the Brazilian cities, in the last 10 years, in the period 1999 to 2008. The results indicate that 10 Brazilian states (37 %) did not show the depreciation of fixed assets in the Statements of Financial Position of the year 2008. The situation is even more worrying in relation to cities, because 4,971 (98.4 %) of 5,050 municipalities not evidenced the depreciation. The evidence found in this study indicate that public entities do not recognize the expense with depreciation, which may indicate that the economic income and financial position presented in the financial statements of these public entities does not accurately reflect the actual situation of institutional performance.
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The present study aims to investigate the constructs of Technological Readiness Index (TRI) and the Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory (EDT) as determinants of satisfaction and continuance intention use in e-learning services. Is proposed a theoretical model that seeks to measure the phenomenon suited to the needs of public organizations that offer distance learning course with the use of virtual platforms for employees. The research was conducted from a quantitative analytical approach, via online survey in a sample of 343 employees of 2 public organizations in RN who have had e-learning experience. The strategy of data analysis used multivariate analysis techniques, including structural equation modeling (SEM), operationalized by AMOS© software. The results showed that quality, quality disconfirmation, value and value disconfirmation positively impact on satisfaction, as well as disconfirmation usability, innovativeness and optimism. Likewise, satisfaction proved to be decisive for the purpose of continuance intention use. In addition, technological readiness and performance are strongly related. Based on the structural model found by the study, public organizations can implement e-learning services for employees focusing on improving learning and improving skills practiced in the organizational environment
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The present study aims to investigate the constructs of Technological Readiness Index (TRI) and the Expectancy Disconfirmation Theory (EDT) as determinants of satisfaction and continuance intention use in e-learning services. Is proposed a theoretical model that seeks to measure the phenomenon suited to the needs of public organizations that offer distance learning course with the use of virtual platforms for employees. The research was conducted from a quantitative analytical approach, via online survey in a sample of 343 employees of 2 public organizations in RN who have had e-learning experience. The strategy of data analysis used multivariate analysis techniques, including structural equation modeling (SEM), operationalized by AMOS© software. The results showed that quality, quality disconfirmation, value and value disconfirmation positively impact on satisfaction, as well as disconfirmation usability, innovativeness and optimism. Likewise, satisfaction proved to be decisive for the purpose of continuance intention use. In addition, technological readiness and performance are strongly related. Based on the structural model found by the study, public organizations can implement e-learning services for employees focusing on improving learning and improving skills practiced in the organizational environment
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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, 2015.
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Dissertação de Mestrado, Finanças Empresariais, Faculdade de Economia, Universidade do Algarve, 2016
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Historicamente, o Serviço Público de Media tem sido associado a duas dimensões interrelacionadas: a dimensão político-democrática e a dimensão educativa. Por um lado, ele subentende um papel preponderante de formação de uma opinião pública esclarecida como parte essencial do processo político. E, ao contribuir para o fortalecimento democrático, enquanto instância simultaneamente separada do Estado e do Mercado, o Serviço Público de Media está igualmente a desempenhar um papel educacional. Para além da informação e do entretenimento, ele possui a obrigação de garantir e preservar elevados padrões de qualidade na sua programação que correspondam ao modelo moral das sociedades. Uma terceira dimensão igualmente importante é a dimensão integradora do Serviço Público de Media, ou se quisermos, a relação que se estabelece entre sociedade e publicidade na sua articulação com os dispositivos tecnológicos de mediação simbólica. Este artigo procura refletir sobre a dimensão convergente do Serviço Público de Media através do destaque concedido à sociabilidade mundana, quer ao nível das temáticas, quer ao nível da organização da própria programação. O que está em causa nesta enfatização da mundanidade é que o interesse geral parece agora moldado por uma motivação em ver representado no Serviço Público de Media a própria vida quotidiana das próprias pessoas a quem se dirige. É um discurso não apenas voltado para a objetividade e atualidade informativa, como também para a subjetividade e autenticidade dos próprios indivíduos.
Resumo:
Historicamente, o Serviço Público de Media tem sido associado a duas dimensões interrelacionadas: a dimensão político-democrática e a dimensão educativa. Por um lado, ele subentende um papel preponderante de formação de uma opinião pública esclarecida como parte essencial do processo político. E, ao contribuir para o fortalecimento democrático, enquanto instância simultaneamente separada do Estado e do Mercado, o Serviço Público de Media está igualmente a desempenhar um papel educacional. Para além da informação e do entretenimento, ele possui a obrigação de garantir e preservar elevados padrões de qualidade na sua programação que correspondam ao modelo moral das sociedades. Uma terceira dimensão igualmente importante é a dimensão integradora do Serviço Público de Media, ou se quisermos, a relação que se estabelece entre sociedade e publicidade na sua articulação com os dispositivos tecnológicos de mediação simbólica. Este artigo procura refletir sobre a dimensão convergente do Serviço Público de Media através do destaque concedido à sociabilidade mundana, quer ao nível das temáticas, quer ao nível da organização da própria programação. O que está em causa nesta enfatização da mundanidade é que o interesse geral parece agora moldado por uma motivação em ver representado no Serviço Público de Media a própria vida quotidiana das próprias pessoas a quem se dirige. É um discurso não apenas voltado para a objetividade e atualidade informativa, como também para a subjetividade e autenticidade dos próprios indivíduos.
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O documento apresenta um modelo de termo de isenção de conflito de interesse, a ser utilizado pelos integrantes de uma Comissão de Farmácia e Terapêutica. No termo, cada participante declara que não tem nenhum comprometimento, compromissos e obrigações com instituições e indústrias produtoras de medicamentos, de forma a garantir a credibilidade da condução dos trabalhos da Comissão.
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O tratamento restaurador atraumático (ART) é uma técnica baseada no conceito de mínima intervenção e máxima preservação das estruturas dentárias, sendo caracterizada pela remoção parcial da dentina atingida pela cárie e selamento da cavidade com cimento de ionômero de vidro de alta viscosidade. Desde que associado a programas preventivos e de promoção da saúde, o ART pode ser considerado uma importante estratégia de controle da doença cárie, capaz de contribuir para a melhoria do acesso aos serviços odontológicos e favorecer a abordagem do paciente dentro do seu contexto social. Considerando a grande demanda reprimida com necessidade de tratamento odontológico e as dificuldades enfrentadas pela equipe de saúde bucal da Estratégia Saúde da Família de Bias Fortes, o presente trabalho propõe um plano de intervenção baseado tanto na revisão crítica da literatura sobre as restaurações atraumáticas quanto na atual realidade do município. A proposta é baseada na adoção do ART como forma de controle da cárie dentária, sendo esta técnica vinculada a programas de promoção da saúde. Para tal, são sugeridas estratégias a serem realizadas em curto, médio e longo prazo.
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Trata dos sistemas de compras observados nas organizações: brasileiras. Analisa, de um lado, a função compras das empresas privadas': subdividida em duas vertentes, denominadas de "compras tradicional" e "compras just-in-time", e de outro lado, estuda a sistemática observada no setor público e disciplinada pela lei 8 666/93 (Lei de Licitações e Contratos da Administração Pública). Finalmente traça uma comparação entre os dois modelos
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In this paper we offer a rationale for the existence of preferences for domestic…rms in government procurement. When the domestic…rm’s probability of completion of a government contract is larger than the foreign …rms probability of completion, the government should favor domestic…rms in order to maximize the expected net bene…tof the project. We compute the…rms’ equilibrium strategies for a lowest offer procurement auction. We also compute numerically the level of preferences that maximizes the government’s net expected bene…t under different parameter values.
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Local provision of public services has the positive effect of increasing the efficiency because each locality has its idiosyncrasies that determine a particular demand for public services. This dissertation addresses different aspects of the local demand for public goods and services and their relationship with political incentives. The text is divided in three essays. The first essay aims to test the existence of yardstick competition in education spending using panel data from Brazilian municipalities. The essay estimates two-regime spatial Durbin models with time and spatial fixed effects using maximum likelihood, where the regimes represent different electoral and educational accountability institutional settings. First, it is investigated whether the lame duck incumbents tend to engage in less strategic interaction as a result of the impossibility of reelection, which lowers the incentives for them to signal their type (good or bad) to the voters by mimicking their neighbors’ expenditures. Additionally, it is evaluated whether the lack of electorate support faced by the minority governments causes the incumbents to mimic the neighbors’ spending to a greater extent to increase their odds of reelection. Next, the essay estimates the effects of the institutional change introduced by the disclosure on April 2007 of the Basic Education Development Index (known as IDEB) and its goals on the strategic interaction at the municipality level. This institutional change potentially increased the incentives for incumbents to follow the national best practices in an attempt to signal their type to voters, thus reducing the importance of local information spillover. The same model is also tested using school inputs that are believed to improve students’ performance in place of education spending. The results show evidence for yardstick competition in education spending. Spatial auto-correlation is lower among the lame ducks and higher among the incumbents with minority support (a smaller vote margin). In addition, the institutional change introduced by the IDEB reduced the spatial interaction in education spending and input-setting, thus diminishing the importance of local information spillover. The second essay investigates the role played by the geographic distance between the poor and non-poor in the local demand for income redistribution. In particular, the study provides an empirical test of the geographically limited altruism model proposed in Pauly (1973), incorporating the possibility of participation costs associated with the provision of transfers (Van de Wale, 1998). First, the discussion is motivated by allowing for an “iceberg cost” of participation in the programs for the poor individuals in Pauly’s original model. Next, using data from the 2000 Brazilian Census and a panel of municipalities based on the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) from 2001 to 2007, all the distance-related explanatory variables indicate that an increased proximity between poor and non-poor is associated with better targeting of the programs (demand for redistribution). For instance, a 1-hour increase in the time spent commuting by the poor reduces the targeting by 3.158 percentage points. This result is similar to that of Ashworth, Heyndels and Smolders (2002) but is definitely not due to the program leakages. To empirically disentangle participation costs and spatially restricted altruism effects, an additional test is conducted using unique panel data based on the 2004 and 2006 PNAD, which assess the number of benefits and the average benefit value received by beneficiaries. The estimates suggest that both cost and altruism play important roles in targeting determination in Brazil, and thus, in the determination of the demand for redistribution. Lastly, the results indicate that ‘size matters’; i.e., the budget for redistribution has a positive impact on targeting. The third essay aims to empirically test the validity of the median voter model for the Brazilian case. Information on municipalities are obtained from the Population Census and the Brazilian Supreme Electoral Court for the year 2000. First, the median voter demand for local public services is estimated. The bundles of services offered by reelection candidates are identified as the expenditures realized during incumbents’ first term in office. The assumption of perfect information of candidates concerning the median demand is relaxed and a weaker hypothesis, of rational expectation, is imposed. Thus, incumbents make mistakes about the median demand that are referred to as misperception errors. Thus, at a given point in time, incumbents can provide a bundle (given by the amount of expenditures per capita) that differs from median voter’s demand for public services by a multiplicative error term, which is included in the residuals of the demand equation. Next, it is estimated the impact of the module of this misperception error on the electoral performance of incumbents using a selection models. The result suggests that the median voter model is valid for the case of Brazilian municipalities.