Biodeterioreção produzida por biofilmes de fungos e cianobactérias nas ruínas jesuíticas das Missões e avaliação do seu controle

As Ruínas das Missões Jesuíticas foram declaradas Patrimônio da Humanidade pela UNESCO em 1984. Nesse trabalho foi estudada a degradação das mesmas usando análises físico-químicas, petrológicas e microbiológicas. Amostras de blocos de arenito e pedra itacurú foram tomadas das ruínas de Santa Ana, Loreto, San Ignacio e Santa María no Nordeste da Argentina. Foram realizados estudos microbiológicos convencionais e de microscopia de varredura eletrônica para determinar a biodiversidade da microflora presente nos biofilmes das superfícies. Uma ampla variedade de microrganismos autotróficos e heterotróficos, principalmente cianobactérias, algas e fungos, foram achados, sendo que, nos sítios menos expostos à luz solar, a biodiversidade foi maior. Foi constatada a mobilização microbiana dos íons Fe e Mn do núcleo das pedras para a periferia, formando uma crosta superficial de óxidos minerais, a qual aumenta a suscetibilidade à degradação. Foram testados no laboratório vernizes protetores com três biocidas em dois veículos diferentes, utilizando-se testes em placa de Petri e em câmara tropical com inóculos de fungos filamentosos e cianobactérias isoladas das pedras degradadas. O biocida Coryna® DF (isotiazolinonas + derivados do benzimidazol) mostrou se mais eficiente contra a mistura de fungos, enquanto que o biocida Preventol® MP 260 (3-iodo-2-propinilbutil carbamato) foi mais ativo contra as cianobactérias. O verniz base solvente sem biocida apresentou ligeira ação inibitória contra fungos.

Susceptibility of mosquito vectors to Dirofilaria immitis on Madeira Island, Portugal

Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856), an agent of heartworm disease, is an important parasite from both the veterinary standpoint and as a model to study human filariasis. It is a mosquito-borne filarial nematode which inhabits the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries of dogs. D. immitis is an important disease agent on Madeira Island with about 30% of dogs testing positive for this worm. Nevertheless, the vectors of this parasite in Madeira have never been studied, nor has the interaction between pathogen and vector, or the environmental variables that might influence heartworm transmission. Innate susceptibility to infection is only one component of vector competence, and field isolation of naturally infected mosquitoes has shown the capability of D. immitis to exploit a great diversity of vector species under natural conditions. The purpose of this work was to determine which mosquitoes are vectors of heartworm disease, the relation between population density and environment, and the association between immune response of the vector to the filarial parasite. Seasonal abundance of Culex theileri and Culex pipiens molestus was studied. Correlation and canonical correspondence analysis were performed using abundance data of these two species with selected weather variables, including mean temperature, relative humidity and accumulated precipitation. The most important factor determining Cx. theileri abundance was accumulated precipitation, while Cx. pipiens molestus abundance did not have any relationship with weather variables. Field studies were performed to verify whether Cx. theileri Theobald functions as a natural vector of D. immitis on Madeira Island, Portugal. Cx. theileri tested positive for D. immitis for the first time. The same study was made regarding Cx. p. molestus. Two abnormal L2 stage filarial worms were found in Malpighian tubules in field caught Cx. p. molestus. In the laboratory, two strains of Cx. p. molestus were studied for their susceptibility to D. immitis. None presented infective-stage larvae. Finally, because Cx. p. molestus is an autogenous mosquito, we evaluated the reproductive costs when this mosquito mounts an immune response against D. immitis in the absence of a blood meal. This mosquito showed an active immune response when inoculated intrathoracically with microfilariae (mf) of the heartworm. The ovaries from mosquitoes undergoing melanotic encapsulation developed more eggs than those which could not melanize the mf. This fact is contradictory with some previous studies of reproductive costs in Armigeres subalbatus and Ochlerotatus trivittatus, and it was the first time that an autogenous mosquito was used to study this subject.

De volta para os braços da rainha dos céus: migração, memória e festa em Caicó/RN

The present work has as an objective to seize up some particular meanings of the Feast of Sant Ana (The saint which represents the city of Caicó/RN), a central event of the calendar festive-religious of that city, looking for to perceive on how it combines with the symbolic poles sacred: profane through the social bonds that are present there performed and expressed through the social networking and of local belongings. Such bond ties reveal themselves through a very especial manner, through the migration of returning to the feast, when collectively are produced and updated knowledge and codes that reinforce the representation of the local belonging, nominated as being caicoense . We seek on perceiving how the many events of this feast (from a perspective of a religious order as well as laic) acting on a conclusive way to an identity of the re-meaning of that city, especially in its relation with the migrant natives: the sons and daughters that return to the arms of Sant Ana

Ocidentalização, territórios e populações indígenas no sertão da Capitania do Rio Grande

The objective of this work is to understand some of the modifications caused for the phenomenon of the westernization in the hinterland of the Capitania do Rio Grande e in the life of the indians populations that inhabited there during the Colonial Period. We break of the quarrel of Serge Gruzinski concerning the westernization, understood while immersed phenomenon in the context of the expansion of the commercial capitalism and that, for the imposition of the culture occidental person to the alteridades of the New World, emprende the conquest of its territories, bodies and souls. The space clipping has covered the hinterland of the Capitania do Rio Grande, specifically the colonial territory of the Freguesia da Gloriosa Senhora Santa Ana do Seridó. The chosen chronological limit for the research corresponds to the Colonial Period and part of the Imperial one. However, the emphasis falls again on the period that it initiates in 1670, year of the oldest concession of would sesmaria known until the moment in the hinterland of the Rio Grande, extending itself until the decade of 1840. Sources of written by hand nature, cartographic printed and compose the used document roll: official correspondence and legislation, petitions of would sesmaria, inventories post-mortem, justifications of debt, registers of parish, maps, action civil court jurisdiction, notes of notary's office, land landmarks. We take the method, analyzed for Carlo Ginzburg, to cross these sources between itself and to detect its implied particularitities and ideas in the space between lineses, but, attributing it status to they of a colonial speech, fruit of the bureaucracy of where it was originated and of the social place of who produced it. We look for to demonstrate, throughout the work, that the phenomenon of the westernization desestruturou the aboriginal societies and its habitat, constructing, over its rubbles, a colonial territory that found in the cartography of the Freguesia de Santa Ana an efficient instrument of control of the space and the population. On the other hand, if the imposition of the culture occidental person exterminou great part of the native population that inhabited the hinterland of the Rio Grande, the remainders of these indians and the mestizos of descending them had survived in diverse ways in the freguesia: in the condition of captives of war or in regimen of servile work, as living or assistants in the farms, populations and village; rambling without route in the fields and the population spots; as mediating agents between the world occidental person and the native, exerting military or civil positions and still appealing to Justice in search of its rights of inheritance. Experiences of slavery, servitude, errância and mediation, but, also of resistance, adaptation, mestization in the Freguesia de Santa Ana

Análise tectono-estratigráfica das sequências permotriassica e jurocretácea da bacia Chacoparanense Uruguaia (Cuenca Norte)

Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE

Consideraciones relativas al concepto de silueta: su evolución histórica y sus aplicaciones en la iconografía contemporánea

Programa de Doctorado: "Procesos creativos en las Artes del siglo XX"

Sociedades e instituciones musicales en las Canarias orientales en las épocas moderna y contemporánea

Programa de Doctorado: En torno a la relación objeto-imagen en la obra de creación

Obesidad canina: repercusiones clínicas y factores relacionados (presión arterial y parámetros metabólicos)

Programa de Doctorado en Clínica e Investigación Terapéutica

Obesidad canina: repercusiones clínicas del entorno obesogénico

Programa de Doctorado en Clínica e Investigación Terapéutica

Human-environment interactions in pre-Columbian Amazonia: The case of the Llanos de Moxos, Bolivia

The reconstruction of past environmental and historical events is much needed in Amazonia, a region at the centre of heated debates about the extent of pre-Columbian human disturbance of the natural ecosystems. Important aspects of this debate are to establish to what extent the rise of social complexity was influenced by the local geo-ecology; and what productive strategies were adopted in order to sustain these societies. The Llanos de Moxos (LM), in the Bolivian Amazon, is a vast floodplain made up of a variety of geo-ecological sub regions that host many different types of pre-Columbian earthworks. Therefore, it offers an excellent opportunity to compare different kinds of archaeological landscapes and their relationship to different pre-Columbian cultures and environmental settings. This paper analyses the links between pre-Columbian earthworks and the local geo-ecology in two regions of the LM: 1) the platform field region (PFR) in the north of Santa Ana de Yacuma, where the highest concentration of raised fields has been documented, and 2) the monumental mounds region (MMR) south and east of Trinidad, where >100 pre-Columbian monumental mounds are found. The study draws from remote sensing and GIS analysis, field work in the Bolivian lowlands, and laboratory analysis. Differences in the way people transformed the landscape in the PFR and MMR seem to respond to differences in the local geo-ecology of the two sites. The results also suggest that environmental conditions exerted an important, though not exclusive, control over the levels of social complexity that were reached in different areas of the LM.

Community health workers: The critical link to sustainable, healthy societies in low-resource settings---A model for the Baylor Shoulder to Shoulder Foundation

Community health workers (CHWs) can serve as a bridge between healthcare providers and communities to positively impact social determinants of health and, thus, the overall health of the population. The potential to effect lasting change is particularly significant within resource-poor settings with limited access to formally trained health care providers such as the small, rural village of Santa Ana Intibucá, Honduras and surrounding areas—located on the geographically and politically isolated border of Honduras and El Salvador. The Baylor Shoulder to Shoulder Foundation (BSTS) works in conjunction with Santa Ana's volunteer health committee to bring a health brigade that has provided health care and public health projects to the area at least twice a year since 2001. They have also hired a full-time Honduran physician, a Honduran in-country administrative director, and built a clinic; yet, no community health worker program exists. This CHW program model is the response to a clear need for a CHW program within the area served by BSTS and presents a CHW program model specific to Santa Ana Intibucá and surrounding areas to be implemented by BSTS. Methods used to develop this model include reviewing the literature for recommendations from leading authorities as well as successfully implemented CHW programs in comparable regions. This information was incorporated into existing knowledge and materials currently being used in the area. Using the CHW model proposed here, each brigade, in conjunction with the communities served, can help develop new modules to respond to the specific health priorities of the region at that time, incorporating consistent modes of contact with the local physician and the CHWs to provide refresher courses, training in new topics of interest, and to be reminded of the importance of community health workers' role as the critical link to healthy societies. With cooperation, effort, and support, the brigade can continue to help integrate a sustainable CHW system in which communities may be able to maximize the care they receive while also learning to care for their own health and the future of their communities.^

Promoción de la salud vs. condiciones de trabajo. Una mirada desde los promotores de la salud de tres municipios de la provincia de Misiones

Este trabajo se inscribe en un proyecto de investigación mayor realizado en el marco de la Beca del CEDIT-UNaM. Esta síntesis considera diferentes aspectos relacionados con las transformaciones ocurridas en el mundo del trabajo en las últimas décadas y el proceso de descentralización del sistema de salud pública realizado en Misiones a partir de la adhesión local al Plan Federal de Salud, así como las formas y las condiciones de trabajo de los propios trabajadores de la salud. En particular, nos interesó conocer: la paradójica relación entre la propuesta de promoción de la salud, como una función innovadora del sistema público de salud y las condiciones de trabajo, enfatizando sus percepciones, opiniones, expectativas y elementos compartidos en una realidad social concreta: el Programa de Formación de Agentes Sanitarios. Específicamente, nos basamos en el grupo de promotores en un recorte territorial que se logra a través de los dos CAPSs de Santa Ana, el Hospital de Area Virgen de Fátima, Gárupa, y el Hospital de Area René Favaloro, Posadas, en una propuesta de promoción y prevención de la salud en la comunidad implementada como parte de la política de descentralización del sistema público de salud de la provincia de Misiones

Promoción de la salud vs. condiciones de trabajo. Una mirada desde los promotores de la salud de tres municipios de la provincia de Misiones

Este trabajo se inscribe en un proyecto de investigación mayor realizado en el marco de la Beca del CEDIT-UNaM. Esta síntesis considera diferentes aspectos relacionados con las transformaciones ocurridas en el mundo del trabajo en las últimas décadas y el proceso de descentralización del sistema de salud pública realizado en Misiones a partir de la adhesión local al Plan Federal de Salud, así como las formas y las condiciones de trabajo de los propios trabajadores de la salud. En particular, nos interesó conocer: la paradójica relación entre la propuesta de promoción de la salud, como una función innovadora del sistema público de salud y las condiciones de trabajo, enfatizando sus percepciones, opiniones, expectativas y elementos compartidos en una realidad social concreta: el Programa de Formación de Agentes Sanitarios. Específicamente, nos basamos en el grupo de promotores en un recorte territorial que se logra a través de los dos CAPSs de Santa Ana, el Hospital de Area Virgen de Fátima, Gárupa, y el Hospital de Area René Favaloro, Posadas, en una propuesta de promoción y prevención de la salud en la comunidad implementada como parte de la política de descentralización del sistema público de salud de la provincia de Misiones

Promoción de la salud vs. condiciones de trabajo. Una mirada desde los promotores de la salud de tres municipios de la provincia de Misiones

Este trabajo se inscribe en un proyecto de investigación mayor realizado en el marco de la Beca del CEDIT-UNaM. Esta síntesis considera diferentes aspectos relacionados con las transformaciones ocurridas en el mundo del trabajo en las últimas décadas y el proceso de descentralización del sistema de salud pública realizado en Misiones a partir de la adhesión local al Plan Federal de Salud, así como las formas y las condiciones de trabajo de los propios trabajadores de la salud. En particular, nos interesó conocer: la paradójica relación entre la propuesta de promoción de la salud, como una función innovadora del sistema público de salud y las condiciones de trabajo, enfatizando sus percepciones, opiniones, expectativas y elementos compartidos en una realidad social concreta: el Programa de Formación de Agentes Sanitarios. Específicamente, nos basamos en el grupo de promotores en un recorte territorial que se logra a través de los dos CAPSs de Santa Ana, el Hospital de Area Virgen de Fátima, Gárupa, y el Hospital de Area René Favaloro, Posadas, en una propuesta de promoción y prevención de la salud en la comunidad implementada como parte de la política de descentralización del sistema público de salud de la provincia de Misiones