955 resultados para Brasil - Territórios federais
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Pós-graduação em Música - IA
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Este trabalho objetivou trazer para o debate acadêmico, o uso do discurso e da prática ambiental na elaboração de estratégias de uso e controle do território. Atemo-nos especificamente à configuração de novos recortes territoriais regionais, como é o caso das áreas protegidas, que na última década cresceram de forma muito visível no Brasil e na Amazônia. Para a boa e contínua operacionalização da Usina Hidrelétrica de Tucuruí, na cidade de Tucuruí/PA, foi necessária a adoção de várias ações técnica e políticas na região, e dentre elas, a conformação do que chamamos aqui de cinturão ecológico de uso restritivo e sustentável no entorno do Lago de Tucuruí, cuja caracterização se fez pela presença de territórios ambientais efetivamente protegidos, associados aos de usos sustentáveis. Territórios protegidos que foram apropriados oportunamente pela Eletronorte no sentido de garantir sua territorialidade, naturalmente conflitante com os interesses de quem foi direta ou indiretamente atingido pela hidrelétrica.
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No Brasil, as políticas territoriais e, em particular, os Territórios da Cidadania, representam inovações institucionais interessantes. A avaliação e o melhoramento delas necessitam de uma análise dos mecanismos diferenciados da ação pública, e suas consequências concretas sobre as formas de territórios resultantes. A partir do exemplo do estado do Pará, a relação entre a diversidade de dinâmicas territoriais e o funcionamento diferenciado dos colegiados dos Territórios da Cidadania é analisada, a partir do nível de participação, da eficiência deles como espaço de governança e da implementação de projetos de investimento. Os problemas específicos e os aspectos positivos dos colegiados são analisados e explicados. Perspectivas metodológicas e de desenvolvimentos são sugeridas para melhorar o programa.
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Os resíduos sólidos dos serviços de saúde (RSSS) oferecem risco potencial para saúde pública e meio ambiente perante um gerenciamento inadequado. Objetivou-se verificar aspectos do manejo interno dos RSSS do município paraense de Marituba. Através da aplicação de questionários e visitas de campo, realizou-se um estudo descritivo, observacional em treze estabelecimentos de saúde. O volume total de resíduos gerados era de cerca de 13.000kg/semana. Havia limitações nas diversas etapas do manejo interno, como a realização de tratamento interno somente num local, o armazenamento externo, que ocorria em quatro instituições e de maneira precária, entre outros. Também, havia conformidades como acondicionamento em sacos e recipientes adequados, segregação dos resíduos comuns. De modo geral, as normas federais não eram atendidas e o gerenciamento de RSSS dos estabelecimentos de saúde necessita de adequação na realização de todas as etapas do manejo, para controlar e diminuir os riscos e reduzir a quantidade de resíduos.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC
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Nesta obra Paula Vanessa de Faria Lindo busca demonstrar que os instrumentos teórico-metodológicos da Geografia podem contribuir para a concepção e o aperfeiçoamento de políticas públicas de combate à exclusão social. Inicialmente a autora tinha como meta conhecer técnicas e metodologias para criar modelos de representação gráfica e cartográfica com potencial para a elaboração de políticas públicas, mas terminou por buscar também formas para aplicar a metodologia na melhoria dessas políticas. Depois de fazer uma ampla pesquisa que trouxe à tona a complexidade do tema, Lindo optou por acompanhar o trabalho dos agentes responsáveis pelos territórios dos Centros de Referência de Assistência Social de Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, que implementam a política do município em escala local. A experiência ajudou a autora a, por exemplo, perceber a importância de conceber o território de acordo com os princípios da Geografia e a compreender que o território pode e deve ser interpretado de múltiplas maneiras, as quais, quando somadas, possibilitam potencializar a ação. Em quatro capítulos, Lindo discute conceitos como exclusão social e escala geográfica e suas aplicações práticas nas diferentes formas de representação cartográfica, além de políticas públicas, distribuição territorial de propostas de assistência social e território como síntese de representação de poder.
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In this study we intent to contextualize the topic environmental vulnerability on the world stage, highlighting similarities and differences in their conceptions in Portugal and Brazil. In the literature about the vulnerability is already established the contribution of Geotechnologies, especially the Systems of Remote Sensing and Orbital Imaging as well as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and its potential for modelling physical and socioeconomic aspects for the prevention, mitigation and facing risk manifestations, whether natural, technological or mixed. This paper aims to discuss the methodological framework of vulnerability studies and the results of application in the modelling of socioeconomic and environmental data in the context of the Region Centre of Portugal and the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The methodology for analysing the vulnerability of these regions was based on quantitative studies of the capacity of resistance and resilience of populations and territories. The results were consistent with the socio-environmental realities of the study areas and reflect the complexity of facing and recovery of risk situations in case of territories and populations under low economic conditions and urban infrastructure, whether in Brazil and Portugal.
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The Assistive Technology makes the lives of people without disabilities more practical, but for people with disabilities it can make things possible. For these individuals can provide the conditions, making their limitations are not obstacles to their social and personal empowerment, and may contribute to their effective participation in tasks that were previously impossible, such as remaining seated correctly. A segment on which the necessary assistive technology works, is the adaptation of furniture such as chairs, tables, chairs-to-wheels for individuals with disabilities, as well as cerebral palsy. The study aimed to conduct a survey and brief description of theses and dissertations produced in Brazil on furniture adapted for students with cerebral palsy. We made searching in databases of libraries of major universities and federal state national banks, theses and dissertations. Nine studies were selected for description. It was concluded that there is a considerable array of professionals, both in engineering as the field of rehabilitation, to contribute in the adaptation, creation and even the manufacture of furniture for children with cerebral palsy and that the securities most studied are the chairs and their components.
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The increasing rate of traffic accidents, followed by the high rate of mortality due to these occurrences, favored to the classification of traffic accidents as a public health problem in Brazil. These accidents consume a significant portion of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), especially related to the victims. Considering this scenery with many tragedies and resources being spent only in the end, this paper seeks to examine the influence of federal highways lighting by reducing the number of accidents. Federal Highways sections that received lighting were taken up for study, therefore a survey of statistical data has been raised considering the accidents before and after the route had been illuminated. Taking advantage of the results obtained, an economic analysis has been made considering the amounts consumed by traffic accidents versus the values required for the installation of lighting on highways
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Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC
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Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS
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The territorial approach of development took an important place in the public politics of the State, also guiding the actions originated from different organizations of the society. The territorial focus, infl uenced by the analysis related to the industrial districts, is highlighted as a specifi c form to dealing with process and situations spatially delimited. In Brazil, the Secretary of Territorial Development, linked to the Ministry of Agrarian Development, since 2003, has adopted it strategically through the Programa Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sustentável dos Territórios Rurais (PRONAT). In 2008, had occurs the implantation of the Programa Territórios da Cidadania, a part of the PRONAT and of the rural development politic directed to the dynamization of the depressed territories constituted by small counties that cover rural and urban areas and activities, overcoming the focus on the rural world. The analysis of the assumptions underlying to the adoption of this strategy on the politic of the rural development in Brazil made through the study of the constitution of the Território Integração Norte Pioneiro (PR), which indicates that the focus of this politic falls more on the effectiveness of the decentralization than the concretization, and implementation, of the social management.
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There are three distinct and complementary objectives The first objective is to present a short historical overview on the establishment of evening courses in Brazil (classes are held on weekdays, generally from 7:00 pm to 10:30 pm), including those in the higher education level, occurred on the middle of last century. The second objective is to demonstrate the growth of evening higher education, considering that in 1998, of the 2.1 million college enrollments, 55.3% were enrolled in evening courses; in 2010, twelve years later, of the 5.4 million students enrolled, there were 63.5% enrolled in evening courses. The third objective is to discuss current public policies to expand evening openings in public institutions which represent nowadays only 16.1% of the 3.4 million enrollments for evening classes. In the third objective it is included the discussion of programs for scholarships and tuition loans. The research results pointed to the importance of federal programs for scholarships and tuition loans for students from private institutions such as the 1,382,484 scholarships since 2004 (PROUNI Program) and the 847,000 tuition loans since 1999 (FIES Program). Important steps have been made by the Brazilian government. Considering that there are 3,987,424 enrollments in private institutions, the effectiveness of the programs for scholarships and tuition loans is still insufficient to meet the universal benefits for the student’s needs. Evening courses became the real instrument of social inclusion for many Brazilian youths and must be expanded quantitatively and qualitatively, with aggressive public policies, including also, scholarships and tuition loans.
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Considering the experience taken from the institutional support given by the Humanization’s Brazilian Policy in three health’s regions in São Paulo State, Brazil, this text intends to expose some problems refering to the articulation process of other health’s regional networks mainly composed by cities with less than twenty thousands inhabitants. By problematizing the articulation of inlad health’s networks it is put on the agenda the process of descentraliztion and the interfederaditive relations emphasizing the political and institutional aspects that goes through and modulates these relations, mainly in the small cities. Thus, we are questioning the ways how the current health policies are implemented in these territories and the way how they are articulated, having as a goal the challenge of the process’ ascendance and transversality.