Self-sustained oscillations caused by magnetic field in a weakly-coupled GaAs/AlAs superlattice

We have investigated the influence of transverse magnetic field B up to 14 T at 1.6 K on the tunneling processes of electric field domains in doped weakly coupled GaAs/AlAs superlattices. Three regimes, i.e, stable field domains, current self-sustained oscillations and averaged field distribution are successively observed with increasing B. The mechanisms of switching-over among these regimes are due to B-induced modification of the dependence of the effective electron drift velocity on electric field. The simulated calculation gives a good agreement with the observed experimental results. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Properties of the superheavy nuclei (288)115 and its alpha-decay chain in a generalized liquid-drop model

The properties of the nuclei belonging to the newly observed nuclei starting from (288)115 have been studied with the generalized liquid drop model connected with WKB approximation. The calculated results have been compared with the results of the DDM3Y theory and the experimental data. The half lives of this new alpha decay chain have been well tested from the consistence of the macroscopic, microscopic and the experimental data.

科尔沁沙地东部农牧交错带土地承载力研究——以科尔沁左翼后旗为例

科尔沁左翼后旗位于科尔沁沙地东部农牧交错带 ,生态环境复杂、脆弱 ,资源、人口和环境的协调发展至关重要 ,其土地承载力状况是协调三者关系的重要依据。本文应用系统动力学原理 ,以 1995年为起始年份建立了系统动力学模型 (SD模型 ) ,包括人口、土地资源、种植业、林业、畜牧业、渔业和消费等 7个子系统。选择 3种人口增长速度和 3种营养水平组成 9种方案 ,通过模型的运行预测了科左后旗未来 5 0年人口的动态变化和最大土地资源承载力 ,并对 1995～ 2 0 0 0年实际的人口发展状况和生态状况进行了讨论。研究显示 ,科左后旗土地承载力 4 6 71～ 74 5 1万人 ,不同的方案达到最大承载力的时间不同 ,指出控制人口增长是实现经济环境协调发展的必要条件 ,科左后旗的实际人口增长控制较好 ,现有的环境问题是不合理的开发活动造成的

黄土丘陵区小流域系统生态经济要素分析——以宁夏隆德县李太平小流域为例

以隆德县李太平小流域为例,对比分析了退化小流域系统恢复重建过程中系统的生态经济要素变化,揭示系统演变趋势。应用能值方法分析了投入产出的动态变化,评价治理的生态经济效果。结果显示:农、林、牧业用地比例由1990年的6·2∶2·0∶1·0变为2003年的1·9∶1·4∶1·0,土地利用及种植结构趋于合理,农业产值所占比重由79·6%下降为54·8%,林业、牧业、副业产值比例分别由9·6%、9·6%、1·1%上升为22·7%、15·1%、7·4%,收入多样性指数也呈增加趋势,显示了流域收入构成的多元化,有利于生态经济系统的稳定。同时,恩格尔系数减小,表明人民生活水平日益提高。基于能值的流域生态经济系统投入产出效率动态研究结果表明在调整后的土地利用格局及种植结构下,净能值产出率由1990年的2·5增长到2003年的3·41,资源利用效率逐年提高,环境负荷率在1990、1995和2003年分别为2·55、2·44和2·11,呈减小趋势,能值持续性指数从1990年的0·98增加到2003年的1·62,经济与生态环境的协调性不断提高。研究结果表明该治理模式是成功的。

Conformational changes of beta-lactoglobulin induced by anionic phospholipid

Conformational changes of beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG) induced by anionic phospholipid (dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol, DMPG) at physiological conditions (pH 7.0) have been investigated by UV-VIS, circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence spectra. The experimental results suggest that beta-LG-DMPG interactions cause beta-LG a structural reorganization of the secondary structure elements accompanied by an increase in alpha-helical content, and a loosening of the protein tertiary structure. The interaction forces between beta-LG and DMPG are further evaluated by fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence spectral data show that conformational changes in the protein are driven by electrostatic interaction at first, then by hydrophobic interaction between a protein with a negative net charge and a negatively charged phospholipid.

烷烃异构体的结构排序与热力学性质的变化规律

应用分子链状片断(C—C—C,C—C—C—C,C—C—C—C—C)数P_2、P_3、P_4研究了烷烃异构体系列的结构排序及其热力学性质的规律性.每个烷烃分子表达为二维平面(mP_2+P_4,P_3)上的一个点(对辛烷,m=2,壬烷m=4,癸烷m=5),沿着坐标轴方向连结相同m点,得到相应烷烃的异构体周期表.在此基础上,提出了分子异构体序数的概念,并分析了多种热力学性质的变化趋势及其对结构的依赖关系.

稀土甘氨酰替-L-亮氨酸固体配合物及其溶液中构象的研究

稀土生物配体配合物研究对考察稀土生物效应并进而探索其对生态环境和人类健康的影响具有重要意义,稀土二肽配合物研究不多。本文合成并用元素分析和红外光谱研究了稀土元素甘氨酰替-L-亮氨酸固体配合物,采用~(13)C NMR研究了配合物溶液中构象。

RBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)的结构和某些性质的变化趋势

本文用X射线衍射、碘量法,扫描电镜等手段系统地研究了RBa_2Cu_3O_7-δ[R=La、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Er、Yb、(DyYb)]化合物的结构和某些性质(如氧含量、Cu~(3+)/Cu~(2+)等)随稀土离子半径的变化规律。发现随着稀土离子半径的减少,晶胞参数(a、b、c、v)几乎线性降低,Cu~(3+)/Cu~(2+)(％)、氧含量(7-δ)、正交畸变(a-b)几乎线性增加,XRD图谱中001峰加强,SEM像中晶形更加完整。

Chemistry in the Circumstellar Medium: Unveiling the Dust Formation Zone

The growth of dust grains in the inner regions of late-type stars is shrouded in mystery due to the difficulty of understanding the growth of heterogeneous particles from simple atoms and molecules and the lack of observational data. This article reviews the molecular processes important in circumstellar envelopes and discusses how ALMA might be used to probe the dust formation zone either directly or indirectly.