Projeto, construção e análise de um prototipo vibracional em escala de bancada aplicável ao tratamento de água de produção de petróleo bruto, mediante inovadora operação híbrida de adsorção e auto-flotação

A self-flotator vibrational prototype electromechanical drive for treatment of oil and water emulsion or like emulsion is presented and evaluated. Oil production and refining to obtain derivatives is carried out under arrangements technically referred to as on-shore and off-shore, ie, on the continent and in the sea. In Brazil 80 % of the petroleum production is taken at sea and area of deployment and it cost scale are worrisome. It is associated, oily water production on a large scale, carrier 95% of the potential pollutant of activity whose final destination is the environment medium, terrestrial or maritime. Although diversified set of techniques and water treatment systems are in use or research, we propose an innovative system that operates in a sustainable way without chemical additives, for the good of the ecosystem. Labyrinth adsor-bent is used in metal spirals, and laboratory scale flow. Equipment and process patents are claimed. Treatments were performed at different flow rates and bands often monitored with control systems, some built, other bought for this purpose. Measurements of the levels of oil and grease (OGC) of efluents treaty remained within the range of legal framework under test conditions. Adsorbents were weighed before and after treatment for obtaining oil impregna-tion, the performance goal of vibratory action and treatment as a whole. Treatment technolo-gies in course are referenced, to compare performance, qualitatively and quantitatively. The vibration energy consumption is faced with and without conventional flotation and self-flotation. There are good prospects for the proposed, especially in reducing the residence time, by capillary action system. The impregnation dimensionless parameter was created and confronted with consecrated dimensionless parameters, on the vibrational version, such as Weber number and Froude number in quadratic form, referred to as vibrational criticality. Re-sults suggest limits to the vibration intensity

Caracterização e classificação de plintossolos no município de Pinheiro-MA.

Objetivou-se neste trabalho caracterizar e classificar quatro Plintossolos localizados no município de Pinheiro-MA, de forma a validar novas classes propostas no Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos (SiBCS). Foram selecionados quatro pedons em pontos distintos da paisagem: terço superior, médio, inferior e base da encosta, tendo como material de origem arenitos ferruginosos da Formação Itapecuru e sedimentos coluviais e aluviais. Os perfis foram morfologicamente descritos e os horizontes avaliados quanto às propriedades físicas, químicas e mineralógicas. Os três perfis localizados ao longo da encosta foram classificados como Plintossolos Argilúvicos, e o situado na transição para a várzea, como Plintossolo Háplico. Três perfis apresentaram caráter concrecionário no perfil de solo, identificando os solos como petroplínticos no quarto nível categórico. Todos os solos apresentaram caráter alítico, indicando ambiente de formação de solos diferenciado nesta localidade do Estado do Maranhão, que favorece a preservação de argilominerais de alta atividade juntamente com elevada acidez do solo. As classes inseridas no SiBCS, na ordem dos Plintossolos, se mostraram adequadas para classificar os perfis e contemplam as variações relacionadas ao ambiente pedogenético.