Rethinking the identity artist-researcher, from the project “Dialogues with women art teachers”

The questioning of identity and the various roles that artists have begun to explore, from the last century, are fundamental aspects in this article. Today it is difficult to speak of the artist as individual isolated innate talent working in his studio, but the various social, political and cultural effects, have moved the artists to become part of the social world and to generate artistic practices that visualize and manifest critically these concerns. To explain these transits deeper, we will share part of the personal artistic practice and reflections, and how it has begun to intertwine with the doctoral research, through the art project “Dialogues with women art teachers”. From the experience as an artist and researcher in training, we will share what this project of artistic inquiry is about and reflect their points with the notion of `artistic practice as research´ developed by Graeme Sullivan (2010, 2011). On the other hand, we will seek to reflect how the identities of `artist´ and `academic´ are in constant dialogue. This art project seeks to show that these identities are not in a fixed position, but rather reflect, from the place of an artist, how through the various shifts in different disciplines, can conceive an identity ‘in-between’. The latter refers to the ability to understand the processes of being a woman, artist and researcher who travels and forms its identity among both disciplines.

Sperm DNA damage measured by the alkaline Comet assay as an independent predictor of male infertility and in vitro fertilization success

Objective: To evaluate sperm DNA fragmentation and semen parameters to diagnose male factor infertility and predict pregnancy after IVF.
Design: Prospective study.
Setting: Academic research laboratory.
Patient(s): Seventy-five couples undergoing IVF and 28 fertile donors.
Intervention(s): Sperm DNA fragmentation was measured by the alkaline Comet assay in semen and sperm after density gradient centrifugation (DGC). Binary logistic regression was used to analyze odds ratios (OR) and relative risks (RR) for IVF outcomes.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation in semen and DGC sperm compared with fertilization rates, embryo quality, and pregnancy.
Result(s): Men with sperm DNA fragmentation at more than a diagnostic threshold of 25% had a high risk of infertility (OR: 117.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.72–2,731.84, RR: 8.75). Fertilization rates and embryo quality decreased as sperm DNA fragmentation increased in semen and DGC sperm. The risk of failure to achieve a pregnancy increased when sperm DNA fragmentation exceeded a prognostic threshold value of 52% for semen (OR: 76.00, CI: 8.69–1,714.44, RR: 4.75) and 42% for DGC sperm (OR: 24.18, CI: 2.89–522.34, RR: 2.16).
Conclusion(s): Sperm DNA testing by the alkaline Comet assay is useful for both diagnosis of male factor infertility and prediction of IVF outcome.

Sexing up the city in the international beauty contest: the performative nature of spatial planning and the fictive spectacle of place branding

This paper responds to recent calls for more academic research and critical discussion on the relationship between spatial planning and city branding. Through the lens of Liverpool, the article analyses how key planning projects have delivered major transformations in the city's built environment and cultural landscape. More specifically, in concentrating on the performative nature of spatial planning it reveals the physical, symbolic and discursive re-imaging of Liverpool into a 'world class city'. Another aspect of the paper presents important socioeconomic datasets and offers a critical reading of the re-branding in showing how it presents an inaccurate representation of Liverpool. The evidence provided indicates that a more accurate label for Liverpool is a polarised and divided city, thereby questioning the fictive spectacle of city branding. Finally, the paper ends with some critical commentary on the role of spatial planning as an accessory to the sophistry of city branding.

Using evidence in policy: The importance of mediating beliefs and practices

This article argues that to understand the use of evidence in policy, we need to examine how meanings and practices in the civil service shape what is accepted as knowledge, and how differences between the beliefs and values of the academy and the polity can impede the flow and transfer of knowledge. It considers the importance of social context and shared meanings in legitimating knowledge. Who counts as legitimate knowledge providers has expanded and here the role of stakeholder groups and experiential knowledge is of particular interest. How hierarchy, anonymity, and generalist knowledge within the civil service mediate the use of evidence in policy is examined. The difference in values and ideology of the civil service and the academy has implications for how academic research is interpreted and used to formulate policy and for its position in knowledge power struggles. There are particular issues about the social science nature of evidence to inform rural policy being mediated in a government department more used to dealing with natural science knowledge. This article is based on participant observation carried out in a UK Department of Agriculture and Rural Development. © 2013 The Author. Sociologia Ruralis © 2013 European Society for Rural Sociology.

Structural Capital of University Spin-Out Firms: The Moderating Role of University Incubators

University incubators (UI) are generally believed to be important in the successful commercialisation of university spin-outs (USO) with over half of all UK Universities having established an on-campus UI. In this chapter we examine the value of UIs in the spin-out process, focusing on the structural networks of USOs located in a UI as compared to USOs in a University with no access to a UI. Our primary research question is therefore: to what extent does the structural network of USOs with access to an on-campus UI differ from USOs without? The research therefore con-tributes to a growing critique of the effectiveness of UIs in commercialis-ing academic research and the recognition of positive direct and indirect externalities from participation in networks. Through network mapping of all USOs from two research intensive universities, we profile and ana-lyse the formal and informal network ties of USOs to various partners in-ternal and external to the host university. Through interviews we also consider how these networks enhance the resources and capabilities of USOs. Our findings highlight significant differences, with USOs located in a UI having more informal but fewer formal ties, both to other USOs as well as within the host University. In contrast, location in an incuba-tor was not found to affect the extent and nature of ties with external or-ganisations. Reasons for these differences are examined through inter-views with the USOs and point to various factors including the proactive brokering role of incubator and university staff, university bureaucracy, the hidden networks of executive board members across USOs, university equity investment policy and complementary technologies.

Nanoscale reinforced orthopaedic bone cement with graphene oxide - a possible solution to aseptic loosening of cemented hip implants? Preliminary results of an ongoing study

Hip replacement surgery is amongst the most common orthopaedic operations performed in the UK. Aseptic loosening is responsible for 40% of hip revision procedures. Aseptic loosening is a result of cement mantle fatigue. The aim of the current study is to analyse the effect of nanoscale Graphene Oxide (GO) on the mechanical properties of orthopaedic bone cement. Study Design A experimental thermal and mechanical analysis was conducted in a laboratory set up conforming to international standards for bone cement testing according to ISO 5583. Testing was performed on control cement samples of Colacryl bone cement, and additional samples reinforced with variable wt% of Graphene Oxide containing composites – 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0% GO loading. Pilot Data Porosity demonstrated a linear relationship with increasing wt% loading compared to control (p<0.001). Thermal characterisation demonstrated maximal temperature during polymerization, and generated exotherm were inversely proportional to w%t loading (p<0.05) Fatigue strength performed on the control and 0.1 and 0.25%wt loadings of GO demonstrate increased average cycles to failure compared to control specimens. A right shift of the Weibull curve was demonstrated for both wt% available currently. Logistic regression analysis for failure demonstrated significant increases in number of cycles to failure for both specimens compared to a control (p<0.001). Forward Plan Early results convey positive benefits at low wt% loadings of GO containing bone cement. Study completion and further analysis is required in order to elude to the optimum w%t of GO which conveys the greatest mechanical advantage.

Additionality of Incubator Support on Networks of University Spin-Out Firms

The formation rate of university spin-out firms has increased markedly over the past decade. While this is seen as an important channel for the commercialisation of academic research, concerns have centred around high failure rates and no-to-low growth among those which survive compared to other new technology based firms. Universities have responded to this by investing in incubators to assist spin-outs to overcome their liability of newness. Yet how effective are incubators in supporting these firms? Here we examine this in terms of the structural networks that spin-out firms form, the role of the incubator in this and the effect of this on the spin-out process.

DEX: self-healing expanders

À sombra de um passado por contar: banda de música de Santiago de Riba-Ul

O presente trabalho inscreve-se no domínio da etnomusicologia e propõe-se abordar o fenómeno das bandas filarmónicas em Portugal numa perspetiva eminentemente histórica, usando como recursos metodológicos a pesquisa de arquivo e o trabalho de campo. Tomando como exemplo a Banda de Música de Santiago de Riba-Ul, que se autodesigna “a banda mais antiga de Portugal”, e tentando contextualizar a sua existência bicentenária no movimento filarmónico nacional, procurei explorar o desenvolvimento que o grupo teve ao longo do tempo, a partir da análise de documentos de arquivo em articulação com os discursos produzidos no domínio da oralidade e do periodismo local. Através da análise histórica reflito sobre movimentos semelhantes aos da implantação de agrupamentos filarmónicos na Europa, a estrutura democratizada e multifuncional que foram adquirindo ao longo do tempo, os espaços de ocorrência, o repertório e os instrumentos. Tendo em conta que o universo das bandas filarmónicas em Portugal representa ainda um domínio pouco estudado, procurei neste trabalho definir um quadro conceptual sobre as diferentes designações associadas a agrupamentos de sopro em Portugal, que recorre à história como ferramenta essencial para o entendimento da relação entre designações e conceitos a partir da análise de funções, contextos e repertórios. Através do estudo de caso da Banda de Música de Santiago de Riba-Ul, procurei estabelecer um modelo de análise que é revelador sobre o modo como, em muitos casos, as bandas usam o passado (real, imaginado, vivido ou mitificado), transformado em memória semântica, como forma de legitimar o presente, convertendo a própria banda num documento/monumento. Esse estatuto conduz à reprodução do modelo de polivalência que o passado lhe legou e oferece-lhe, através de um jogo coerente de cumplicidades no seio do movimento filarmónico em Portugal, um lugar cativo no macrocosmos que aqui defini como um campo social institucional, a partir da proposta conceptual de Bourdieu.

Análise do comportamento de polímeros na estabilização de solos em fundações

O presente projeto de investigação em Engenharia Civil é construído em torno das necessidades atuais expressas pelos setores da construção e obras públicas em fundações. Em colaboração com a empresa GEO este trabalho pretende dar resposta em tempo útil aos empreiteiros, pondo o conhecimento científico ao serviço da indústria, colmatando a escassez de investigação académica que se verifica neste domínio. Esta investigação, à qual se associou a empresa BRASFOND, recorre ao estudo de ensaios de carga estática à compressão realizados no Brasil, segundo a NBR 12131 (2005) e NBR 12131 (2006). Assim, para estudar o desempenho de polímeros aplicados na estabilização de solos em fundações, foram analisados 6 ensaios de carga realizados em obras de intervenção da empresa GEO, disponibilizados pela empresa BRASFOND. Os ensaios de carga verticais estáticos de compressão axial foram realizados em estacas de 3 obras, nomeadamente a construção de uma central termoelétrica, em 2009, e de dois edifícios, em 2010. O projeto de fundações da central termoelétrica assentou na execução de estacas com polímeros, com 1270 estacas moldadas “in loco” com 1 000 mm de diâmetro e profundidade variável de 10 m a 18 m, em solos moles e pouco compactos de 8 m a 9 m de espessura, encastradas até 3 m sobre um maciço Gnaisse medianamente alterado (W3). Dos ensaios de carga realizados nesta obra, foram alvo deste estudo a análise dos primeiros 4 disponibilizados pela empresa. Os valores estimados por métodos semi-empíricos da capacidade resistente das estacas, considerando a recuperação da rocha nos trechos encastrados, foram comparados com a carga resistente última à compressão obtida através do ensaio de carga. O projeto de fundações de dois edifícios de elevado número de andares (cerca de 30) no litoral do Estado de São Paulo, em Santos, assentou na execução de fundações indiretas em solos moles a muito moles, com estacas de grandes dimensões moldadas com recurso a polímeros. Para atestar a qualidade das estacas, de forma a avaliar o comportamento carga versus assentamento e estimar as características da capacidade de carga, procedeu-se à execução de dois ensaios de carga estática à compressão, um dos quais instrumentado em profundidade. Os valores estimados por métodos semi-empíricos da capacidade resistente das estacas foram comparados com a carga resistente última à compressão obtida através do ensaio de carga. Para além deste estudo se revestir de interesse académico e empresarial, o contexto inerente à aplicação de polímeros em fundações é relevante para a prática pedagógica. Assim, este projeto envolve também uma componente educacional, esta última implementada numa escola do ensino básico e secundário da região centro do país.

14º Encontro Internacional de Arte e Tecnologia: #14.ART: arte e desenvolvimento humano

#14ART: Arte e Desenvolvimento Humano propõe-se discutir novos territórios para uma maior sustentabilidade, assim como debater futuras evoluções criativas. O evento procurará entrepor-se em zonas de contato entre domínios tradicionalmente separadas - a arte e a ciência, pesquisa acadêmica e práticas criativas independentes, politicas sustentáveis e engajamento social, para o século XXI. Pretende-se que a discussão se centre, sobretudo, sobre como explorar o potencial transformativo da arte na pós-média. Hoje, de acordo com vários pensadores - Rosalind Krauss, a Lev Manovich, Peter Weibel – estamos numa fase pós- média; não existe um só meio, nos nossos dias, que domine o discurso da pratica artística contemporânea no campo dos média, bem pelo contrário os média encontram-se, hoje, engajados no pensamento critico do discurso da contemporaneidade. Através dos eventos anteriores deste Encontro Internacional, ficou claro que a arte hoje - com as condições proporcionadas pelo discurso do pós-média - oferece um potencial muito mais inteligente e interessante elocução para as artes. No entanto, as qualidade simbólicas e estéticas, bem como o pensamento critico e os aspectos investigativos e de confronto teórico da “pré-média arte”, também se apresentam ser tão importantes para a “pós-media arte”, obrigando o discurso artístico a manter um fio condutor entre o físico (a obra) e o mental (conceito) - realidades e utopias.

Comoção : os ritmos afectivos do acontecimento teatral

Tese de doutoramento, Estudos Artísticos (Estudos de Teatro), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2014

The Glasgow 2014 XX Commonwealth Games and Scottish Independence: “Political Truce” or Political Truth(s)?

This paper explores the political reaction to Lord McConnell’s appeal for a political ‘truce’ in the form of a temporary halt to campaigning by all political parties and organisations involved in the debate regarding the Scottish independence referendum during the Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games (BBC, 2014; McConnell, 2014). Urging both sides of the debate to cease campaigning for the two-week period of the Glasgow 2014 games, the current Labour peer and past First Minister of the Scottish Parliament cited concerns that there are “genuine concerns that the Games, and the image of Scotland, could be damaged by attempts by either side – for and against – to use the Games to promote their cause, or to use the venues for campaigning” (McConnell, 2014). Drawing upon the principles of both a critical discourse and a narrative analysis methodological approach, this paper will scrutinise the nature of the political reactions to McConnell’s proposal from a variety of perspectives on both sides of the independence referendum debate. In particular, the emphasis in the responses from both sides of the debate regarding the apolitical nature of the 2014 Games will be critiqued, drawing upon the arguments of past analyses of sporting mega-events which highlight the potential for political exploitation of such events by the host nations (e.g. Horne, 2007; Grix, 2012; Houlihan and Giulianotti, 2012; Roche, 2006). Furthermore, the findings of academic research on the political implications of hosting the Commonwealth Games will be considered (e.g. Majumdar and Mehta, 2010; Van Der Westhuizen, 2004; Macintosh and Greenhorn, 1992; Majumdar, 2011; Lockstone and Baum, 2010; Macfarlane and Herd, 1986), highlighting a number of precedents which demonstrate the numerous challenges faced in any attempts to the keep the 2014 Games free from political influence.

The frontiers of participatory public engagement

Currently missing from critical literature on public engagement with academic research is a public-centric analysis of the wider contemporary context of developments in the field of public engagement and participation. Drawing on three differently useful strands of the existing theoretical literature on the public, this article compares a diverse sample of 100 participatory public engagement initiatives in order to first, analyse a selection of the myriad ways that the public is being constituted and supported across this contemporary field and second, identify what socio-cultural researchers might learn from these developments. Emerging from this research is a preliminary map of the field of public engagement and participation. This map highlights relationships and divergences that exist among diverse forms of practice and brings into clearer view a set of tensions between different contemporary approaches to public engagement and participation. Two ‘frontiers’ of participatory public engagement that socio-cultural researchers should attend are also identified. At the first, scholars need to be critical regarding the particular versions of the public that their preferred approach to engagement and participation supports and concerning how their specific identifications with the public relate to those being addressed across the wider field. At the second frontier, researchers need to consider the possibilities for political intervention that public engagement and participation practice could open out, both in the settings they are already working and also in the much broader, rapidly developing and increasingly complicated contemporary field of public engagement and participation that this article explores.

European information users: topics from a comparative analysis within the European Union

Purpose – The aim of this article is to present some results from research undertaken into the information behaviour of European Documentation Centre (EDC) users. It will reflect on the practices of a group of 234 users of 55 EDCs covering 21 Member States of the European Union (EU), used to access European information. Design/methodology/approach – In order to collect the data presented here, five questionnaires were sent to users in all the EDCs in Finland, Ireland, Hungary and Portugal. In the remaining EU countries, five questionnaires were sent to two EDCs chosen at random. The questionnaires were sent by post, following telephone contact with the EDC managers. Findings – Factors determining access to information on the European Union and the frequency of this access are identified. The information providers most commonly used to access European information and the information sources considered the most reliable by respondents will also be analysed. Another area of analysis concerns the factors cited by respondents as facilitating access to information on Europe or, conversely, making it more difficult to access. Parallel to this, the aspects of accessing information on EU that are valued most by users will also be assessed. Research limitations/implications – Questionnaires had to be used, as the intention was to cover a very extensive geographical area. However, in opting for closed questions, it is acknowledged that standard responses have been obtained with no scope for capturing the individual circumstances of each respondent, thus making a qualitative approach difficult. Practical implications – The results provide an overall picture of certain aspects of the information behaviour of EDC users. They may serve as a starting point for planning training sessions designed to develop the skills required to search, access, evaluate and apply European information within an academic context. From a broader perspective, they also constitute factors which the European Commission should take into consideration when formulating its information and communication policy. Originality/value – This is the first piece of academic research into the EDCs and their users, which aimed to cover all Members State of the EU.