Notas de Población Vol. 42 N° 100

La revista Notas de Población es una publicación del Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE)-División de Población de la CEPAL, cuyo propósito principal es la difusión de investigaciones y estudios de población sobre América Latina y el Caribe, aun cuando recibe con particular interés artículos de especialistas de fuera de la región y, en algunos casos, contribuciones que se refieren a otras regiones del mundo. Se publica dos veces al año, con una orientación interdisciplinaria, por lo que acoge tanto artículos sobre demografía propiamente tal como otros que aborden las relaciones entre las tendencias demográficas y los fenómenos económicos, sociales y biológicos. Las opiniones expresadas en esta revista son responsabilidad de los autores, y pueden no coincidir con las del Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE)-División de Población de la CEPAL. La revista Notas de Población está indizada en Citas Latinoamericanas en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades (CLASE) y en el Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal (LATINDEX).

Notas de Población Vol. 42 N° 101

La edición número 101 de Notas de Población contiene nueve artículos sobre temas de gran actualidad y relevancia futura en el campo de la investigación sociodemográfica en América Latina y el Caribe. La variada gama de asuntos que se abordan en la presente edición empieza con la aplicación del modelo de transición logística y las proyecciones de población, pasando por el análisis de la transición epidemiológica de la mortalidad infantil en América Latina y los determinantes de la fecundidad adolescente y su relación con la distribución territorial. Continúa con el envejecimiento, su relación con las condiciones de la vivienda, la migración calificada y el análisis del ciclo vital de las personas en relación con una esperanza de vida sana. Concluye con la percepción de la alteridad en la declaración del color y la raza en la encuesta de empleo del Brasil.

Comparative cytogenetic analysis in the species Uroderma magnirostrum and U. bilobatum (cytotype 2n = 42) (Phyllostomidae, Stenodermatinae) in the Brazilian Amazon

The genus Uroderma includes two species: U. magnirostrum and U. bilobatum. These species are characterized by their high degree of karyotypic evolution, diverging from most other species of the subfamily Stenodermatinae, which have a lower degree of chromosomic evolution. The present study reports the first banding patterns of U. magnirostrum (G-, C-banding and Ag-NOR) and U. bilobatum (C-banding and Ag-NOR). The chromosomic data in conventional staining of U. magnirostrum (2n = 36, NF = 62) and U. bilobatum (cytotype 2n = 42, NF = 50) are equivalent to that described in the literature. When compared, chromosomal homeologies are found in both karyotypes, as well as differences, confirming that karyotypic evolution in the Uroderma genus is intense. Fission, fusion, inversion or translocation events are required to explain the karyotypic evolution of this genus. The comparison of karyotype, described here, to one of the species of the genus Artibeus (2n = 30/31), suggests that some chromosomic forms are apomorphic and shared between the two species of Uroderma. This confirms the monophyly of the enus, and that U. magnirostrum presents a more primitive karyotype when compared to U. bilobatum

Critérios de avaliação das exigências em treonina, triptofano, valina e isoleucina para frangos de corte de 22 a 42 dias de idade

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Digestible valine requirements for broilers from 22 and 42 days old

Current experiment established different criteria to evaluate the requirements of digestible valine for broilers from 22 and 42 days of age, by different regression models (quadratic, exponential and Linear Response Plateau) and, in the case of statistical significance, the comparison of means by Duncan test at 5% probability. A total of 1,920 Cobb 500 male broilers were used and distributed in an entirely randomized experimental design, with 6 treatments (6 digestible valine levels: 0.7192, 0.7729, 0.8265, 0.8802, 0.9339 and 0.9876%) and 8 replications, with 40 broilers each. Data on performance and carcass characteristics were evaluated. The level of 0.8265% digestible valine was considered standard. The inclusion of 0.816, 0.848 and 0.903% of digestible valine levels, corresponding to digestible valine:lysine ratios of approximately 76.00%, 79.00% and 84.12%, provided best feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio, respectively for broiler from 22 to 42 days of age.

Phenotypic, genetic and environmental parameters for traits related to femur bone integrity and body weight at 42 days of age in a broiler population

Intense selection among broilers, especially for performance and carcass traits, currently favors locomotion problems and bone resistance. Conducting studies relating to development and growth of bone tissue in broilers is necessary to minimize losses. Thus, genetic parameters were estimated for a broiler population's phenotypic traits such as BW at 42 d of age (BW42), chilled femur weight (CFW) and its yield (CFY), and femur measurements: calcium, DM, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc content; breaking strength; rigidity; length; and thickness. Variance components were estimated through multitrait analyses using the restricted maximum likelihood method. The model included a fixed group effect (sex and hatch) and additive and residual genetic random effects. The heritability estimates we obtained ranged from 0.10 ± 0.05 to 0.50 ± 0.08 for chilled femur yield and BW42, respectively, and indicated that the traits can respond to the selection process, except for CFY, which presented low-magnitude heritability coefficients. Genetic correlation estimates between breaking strength, rigidity, and traits related to mineral content indicated that selection that aims to improve the breaking strength resistance of the femur is highly correlated with mineral content. Given the genetic correlation estimates between BW42 and minerals, it is suggested that in this population, selection for BW42 can be performed with greater intensity without affecting femoral integrity.

Unesp Informa, 2013, número 42

Boletim elaborado pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Unesp Ciência, 2013, ano 4, número 42

Revista elaborada pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Rock Hill History - Accession 42 - M17 (27)

The Rock Hill History is a handwritten history covering the period from the founding of the city of Rock Hill, SC in 1852 to 1890 and describes the city’s founders, merchants, industries, schools and churches, teachers, newspapers, libraries, and banking and railroad facilities.

Autoimmune disease and multiple autoantibodies in 42 patients with RASopathies

The association of RASopathies [Noonan syndrome (NS) and Noonan-related syndromes] and autoimmune disorders has been reported sporadically. However, a concomitant evaluation of autoimmune diseases and an assessment of multiple autoantibodies in a large population of patients with molecularly confirmed RASopathy have not been performed. The clinical and laboratory features were analyzed in 42 RASopathy patients, the majority of whom had NS and five individuals had Noonan-related disorders. The following autoantibodies were measured: Anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-double stranded DNA, anti-SS-A/Ro, anti-SS-B/La, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-Scl-70, anti-Jo-1, anti-ribosomal P, IgG and IgM anticardiolipin (aCL), thyroid, anti-smooth muscle, anti-endomysial (AE), anti-liver cytosolic protein type 1 (LC1), anti-parietal cell (APC), anti-mitochondrial (AM) antibodies, anti-liver-kidney microsome type 1 antibodies (LKM-1), and lupus anticoagulant. Six patients (14%) fulfilled the clinical criteria for autoimmune diseases [systemic lupus erythematous, polyendocrinopathy (autoimmune thyroiditis and celiac disease), primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS), autoimmune hepatitis, vitiligo, and autoimmune thyroiditis]. Autoimmune antibodies were observed in 52% of the patients. Remarkably, three (7%) of the patients had specific gastrointestinal and liver autoantibodies without clinical findings. Autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies were frequently present in patients with RASopathies. Until a final conclusion of the real incidence of autoimmunity in Rasopathy is drawn, the physicians should be alerted to the possibility of this association and the need for a fast diagnosis, proper referral to a specialist and ultimately, adequate treatment. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

K-41(n, gamma)K-42 thermal and resonance integral cross section measurements

We measured the K-41 thermal neutron absorption and resonance integral cross sections after the irradiation of KNO3 samples near the core of the IEA-R1 IPEN pool-type research reactor. Bare and cadmium-covered targets were irradiated in pairs with Au-Al alloy flux-monitors. The residual activities were measured by gamma-ray spectroscopy with a HPGe detector, with special care to avoid the K-42 decay beta(-) emission effects on the spectra. The gamma-ray self-absorption was corrected with the help of MCNP simulations. We applied the Westcott formalism in the average neutron flux determination and calculated the depression coefficients for thermal and epithermal neutrons due to the sample thickness with analytical approximations. We obtained 1.57(4) and 1.02(4) b, for thermal and resonance integral cross sections, respectively, with correlation coefficient equal to 0.39.

Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation with rectal mucopexy technique: initial evaluation of 42 cases

The treatment of hemorrhoidal disease (HD) by conventional hemorrhoidectomy is associated with significant morbidity, mainly represented by the postoperative pain and the late return to daily activities. Doppler-guided hemorrhoid artery ligation (DGHAL) is a minimal-invasive surgical treatment for HD that has been used as an alternative method in order to reduce these inconveniences. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the initial results of the DGHAL technique associated with rectal mucopexy in the treatment of HD. METHODS:Forty-two patients with stage I, III and IV hemorrhoids who were submitted to DGHAL were analyzed from December 2010 to August 2011. Eleven patients (26%) were stage II; 21 (50%), stage III; and 10 (24%), stage IV HD. All patients were operated by the same surgeon under spinal anesthesia and using the same equipment and technique to perform the procedure. The 42 patients underwent ligation of six arterial branches followed by rectal mucopexia by uninterrupted suture. Nine patients needed concomitant removal of perianal skin tag. In the postoperative, the following parameters were evaluated: pain, tenesmus, bleeding, itching, prolapse, mucus discharge and recurrence. The mean postoperative follow-up lasted four months (one to nine months). RESULTS: Tenesmus was the most common postoperative complaint for 85.7% of patients followed by pain, in 28.6%, perianal burning, in 12.3%, mucus discharge and perianal hematoma in 4.7%. Two patients had severe postoperative bleeding and required surgical haemostasis, one of which needed blood transfusion. Ninety-five percent of the patients declared to be satisfied with the method. CONCLUSION: Even though DGHAL has complications similar to those of other surgical methods, its results present less postoperative pain, allowing faster recovery and return to work. Studies with more cases and a longer follow-up are still necessary to assess the late recurrence.